Download or read book Coastal Meteorology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost half the U.S. population lives along the coast. In another 20 years this population is expected to more than double in size. The unique weather and climate of the coastal zone, circulating pollutants, altering storms, changing temperature, and moving coastal currents affect air pollution and disaster preparedness, ocean pollution, and safeguarding near-shore ecosystems. Activities in commerce, industry, transportation, freshwater supply, safety, recreation, and national defense also are affected. The research community engaged in studies of coastal meteorology in recent years has made significant advancements in describing and predicting atmospheric properties along coasts. Coastal Meteorology reviews this progress and recommends research that would increase the value and application of what is known today.
Download or read book Radio Wave Propagation in the Marine Boundary Layer written by Alexander Kukushkin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on his many years of professional experience at leading companies in communications technology, the author describes an analytical solution for wave propagation over the sea surface in an atmospheric boundary layer. His approach allows the detailed analysis of combined effects of diffraction, refraction and scattering in random media. While specific applications covered are targeted at radio wave propagation over the sea surface, a similar approach is applicable to many problems in underwater acoustics, seismology, solid matter physics and astrophysics.
Download or read book Marine Boundary Layer Physics written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhance understanding of coastal meteorology on the mesoscale scale and in the marine boundary layer (MBL) by an intensive modeling effort that is coordinated cooperatively with relevant field studies. Assess the role of mesoscale forcing in shaping the structure and dynamics of the coastal MBL. Advance understanding of the detailed turbulence mechanisms whereby heat, momentum, and moisture are exchanged between the atmosphere and underlying surface, whether it's land or water.
Download or read book Physics of the Marine Atmosphere written by H. U. Roll and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Geophysics Series, Volume 7: Physics of the Marine Atmosphere discusses the influence exerted by the sea surface on the properties of the atmosphere as well as on atmospheric processes of small and medium scale. This book is composed of six chapters that specifically consider the exchange occurring in the boundary layer between ocean and atmosphere. The opening chapters deal with the particular difficulties inherent in meteorological measurements at sea. The remaining chapters describe the flow characteristics, thermodynamics, chemistry, electricity, and radioactivity of the marine atmosphere. Emphasis is placed on the physical approach rather than on geographical aspects and those of application. A discussion of the empirical facts is followed by theoretical interpretation. Geophysicists, theoreticians, and scientists of the allied fields will find this book invaluable.
Download or read book Boundary Layer Dynamics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-04-24 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Investigation of the Meteorology Physics and Chemistry of Marine Boundary Layer Processes written by E. J. Mack and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During late September and early October 1976, Calspan participated in CEWCOM-76, a research cruise aboard the Naval Postgraduate School's R/V ACANIA to investigate marine boundary-layer phenomena in the offshore waters of southern California. The objective of the four-week cruise was to investigate marine fog, aerosol characteristics, and evolutionary processes which affect optical propagation in the marine atmosphere. Measurements of visibility, scattering coefficient, winds, air and sea surface temperatures, dew point, total particulate concentration, CCN activity spectra, and fog microphysics were obtained, and hi-vol samples of the ambient aerosols and discrete samples of fog water were collected for later chemical analysis. The data were analyzed to provide descriptions of the microphysics and chemistry of marine fogs and the areal distribution of 'clear air' visibility, CCN activity spectra, and aerosol concentration and composition in a 150,000 km(2) area extending approximately 500 km SW of Los Angeles. The data are compared with those obtained on previous investigations conducted off both the East and West Coasts. In addition, limited experiments were conducted to determine if laser beam enlargement could be detected using a low-power laser over short propagation paths and if such measurements might be useful in assessing optical parameters such as size and concentration of aerosols and levels of turbulence in the marine boundary layer. (Author).
Download or read book Synthetic Aperture Radar written by Christopher R. Jackson and published by National Environmental Satellite, Data, & Information Service. This book was released on 2004 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the types of information available from spaceborne images of the ocean.
Download or read book The Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by J. R. Garratt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-04-21 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a comprehensive and lucid account of the science of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). There is an emphasis on the application of the ABL to numerical modelling of the climate. The book comprises nine chapters, several appendices (data tables, information sources, physical constants) and an extensive reference list. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction, with chapters 2 and 3 dealing with the development of mean and turbulence equations, and the many scaling laws and theories that are the cornerstone of any serious ABL treatment. Modelling of the ABL is crucially dependent for its realism on the surface boundary conditions, and chapters 4 and 5 deal with aerodynamic and energy considerations, with attention to both dry and wet land surfaces and sea. The structure of the clear-sky, thermally stratified ABL is treated in chapter 6, including the convective and stable cases over homogeneous land, the marine ABL and the internal boundary layer at the coastline. Chapter 7 then extends the discussion to the cloudy ABL. This is seen as particularly relevant, since the extensive stratocumulus regions over the subtropical oceans and stratus regions over the Arctic are now identified as key players in the climate system. Finally, chapters 8 and 9 bring much of the book's material together in a discussion of appropriate ABL and surface parameterization schemes in general circulation models of the atmosphere that are being used for climate simulation.
Download or read book Physics of the Marine Atmosphere written by Hans Ulrich Roll and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Physics written by J. T. Park and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Boundary Layer Sampling Flight No 2 written by Ian D. Cohen and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 22 March 1979, an instrumented MC-130E for cloud physics measurements by AFGL made a series of 8-min sampling passes at altitudes ranging from 100 to 1000 ft above the ocean surface off the coast of Washington. The flight profile was similar to that flown by the same aircraft on 10 July 1978 off the coast of California (AFGL-TR-79-0013). Winds were light, and the visibility generally was 7 miles or greater. Varying numbers of particles were detected in the 2 to 22 micrometer range at all levels. The number of particules was fairly constant with altitude; liquid water content (LWC) was about 0.001 g/cu m at all levels. This was in contrast to the 10 July 1978 flight, where LWC varied much more, both with height and location. The differences between the two flights are attributed to the lower windspeeds and the resultant fewer whitecaps observed on this second flight. (Author).
Download or read book Observational and Modelling Studies of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer over the Tropical Indian Ocean during INDOEX written by D. Bala Subrahamanyam and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-08-22 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2003 in the subject Physics - Applied physics, grade: None, Mahatma Gandhi University (Space Physics Laboratory - Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthrapuram - 695 022), course: Atmospheric Sciences, language: English, abstract: The Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) over the oceanic surface is commonly referred to as the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL) and it can be considered as the turbulent region in the immediate vicinity of the oceanic surface. The major features that distinguish the ABL over ocean from its land counterpart are the wet, mobile, lower boundary in addition to certain ocean-specific thermodynamic and dynamic characteristics. The structure and characteristics of the MABL and its interactions with the oceanic surface and the overlying free atmosphere are known mainly as a result of a synergistic combination of observational studies, numerical and laboratory simulations, and dimensional analysis. Our present knowledge and understanding of the MABL over various oceanic regions of the globe comes from the experience and expertise acquired during various field experiments. The present thesis aims at improving our understanding of the structural characteristics of the MABL and its associated dynamics over the data-sparse region of western tropical Indian Ocean by making use of the meteorological data collected onboard Oceanic Research Vessel (ORV) Sagar Kanya and Kaashidhoo Climate Observatory (KCO) during the Intensive Field Phase (IFP-99) of the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX).
Download or read book The Near Surface Layer of the Ocean written by Alexander Soloviev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-21 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until the 1980s, a tacit agreement among many physical oceanographers was that nothing deserving attention could be found in the upper few meters of the ocean. The lack of adequete knowledge about the near-surface layer of the ocean was mainly due to the fact that the widely used oceanographic instruments (such as bathythermographs, CTDs, current meters, etc.) were practically useless in the upper few meters of the ocean. Interest in the ne- surface layer of the ocean rapidly increased along with the development of remote sensing techniques. The interpretation of ocean surface signals sensed from satellites demanded thorough knowledge of upper ocean processes and their connection to the ocean interior. Despite its accessibility to the investigator, the near-surface layer of the ocean is not a simple subject of experimental study. Random, sometimes huge, vertical motions of the ocean surface due to surface waves are a serious complication for collecting quality data close to the ocean surface. The supposedly minor problem of avoiding disturbances from ships’ wakes has frustrated several generations of oceanographers attempting to take reliable data from the upper few meters of the ocean. Important practical applications nevertheless demanded action, and as a result several pioneering works in the 1970s and 1980s laid the foundation for the new subject of oceanography – the near-surface layer of the ocean.
Download or read book Physics of the marine atmosphere written by Roll and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1965-01-01 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics of the marine atmosphere
Download or read book The Future of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Observing Understanding and Modeling written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved observations of the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) and its interactions with the ocean, land, and ice surfaces have great potential to advance science on a number of fronts, from improving forecasts of severe storms and air quality to constraining estimates of trace gas emissions and transport. Understanding the BL is a crucial component of model advancements, and increased societal demands for extended weather impact forecasts (from hours to months and beyond) highlight the need to advance Earth system modeling and prediction. New observing technologies and approaches (including in situ and ground-based, airborne, and satellite remote sensing) have the potential to radically increase the density of observations and allow new types of variables to be measured within the BL, which will have broad scientific and societal benefits. In October 2017, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to explore the future of BL observations and their role in improving modeling and forecasting capabilities. Workshop participants discussed the science and applications drivers for BL observation, emerging technology to improve observation capabilities, and strategies for the future. This publication summarizes presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Download or read book Air Ice Ocean Interaction written by Miles McPhee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-04 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when the polar regions are undergoing rapid and unprecedented change, understanding exchanges of momentum, heat and salt at the ice-ocean interface is critical for realistically predicting the future state of sea ice. By offering a measurement platform largely unaffected by surface waves, drifting sea ice provides a unique laboratory for studying aspects of geophysical boundary layer flows that are extremely difficult to measure elsewhere. This book draws on both extensive observations and theoretical principles to develop a concise description of the impact of stress, rotation, and buoyancy on the turbulence scales that control exchanges between the atmosphere and underlying ocean when sea ice is present. Several interesting and unique observational data sets are used to illustrate different aspects of ice-ocean interaction ranging from the impact of salt on melting in the Greenland Sea marginal ice zone, to how nonlinearities in the equation of state for seawater affect mixing in the Weddell Sea. The book’s content, developed from a series of lectures, may be appropriate additional material for upper-level undergraduates and first-year graduate students studying the geophysics of sea ice and planetary boundary layers.
Download or read book Analysis of Marine Boundary Layer Phase II Data written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-terms goals of the research are to understand and parameterize the physics of air-sea interaction, and in particular wind-wave interaction. The effort is primarily experimental, based on measurements over the sea under a variety of wind-wave conditions. Seven gigabytes of data were obtained from the Marine Boundary Layers experiment from the Research Platform FLIP. Other related experiments utilize research aircraft to probe the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL).
