Download or read book Management of Unconverted Light for the National Ignition Facility Target Chamber written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NIF target chamber beam dumps must survive high x-ray, laser, ion, and shrapnel exposures without excessive generation of vapors or particulate that will contaminate the final optics debris shields, thereby making the debris shields susceptible to subsequent laser damage. The beam dumps also must be compatible with attaining and maintaining the required target chamber vacuum and must not activate significantly under high neutron fluxes. Finally, they must be developed, fabricated, and maintained for a reasonable cost. The primary challenge for the beam dump is to survive up to 20 J/cm2 of lpm light and 1 - 2 J/cm2 of nominally 200 - 350 eV blackbody temperature x rays. Additional threats include target shrapnel, and other contamination issues. Designs which have been evaluated include louvered hot-pressed boron carbide (B4C) or stainless steel (SS) panels, in some cases covered with transparent Teflon film, and various combinations of inexpensive low thermal expansion glasses backed by inexpensive absorbing glass. Louvered designs can recondense a significant amount of ablated material that would otherwise escape into the target chamber. Transparent Teflon was evaluated as an alternative way to capture ablated material. The thin Teflon sheet would need to be replaced after each shot since it exhibits both laser damage and considerable x- ray ablation with each shot. Uncontaminated B4C, SS, and low thermal expansion glasses have reasonably small x-ray and laser ablation rates, although the glasses begin to fail catastrophically after 100 high fluence shots. Commercially available absorbing glasses require a pre-shield of either Teflon or low thermal expansion glass to prevent serious degradation by the x-ray fluence. Advantages of the hot-pressed B4C and SS over glass are their performance against microshrapnel, their relative indifference to contamination, and their ability to be refurbished by aggressive cleaning using CO2 pellets, glass beads, high pressure water or ultrasonic tanks. In addition the expected replacement rate to avoid catastrophic failure makes the glass option more costly. SS is less expensive, more easily formed into a louver design with high capture efficiency, and otherwise equivalent to B4C. Hence, it would be preferred as long as debris shield damage is not substantially greater for SS as compared to damage from an equivalent mass of contamination of B4C. If debris shield damage is problematic, the escape of SS could be mitigated by use of a transparent Teflon film. The Teflon film would require increased target chamber pumping and cleaning capability to accommodate the x-ray decomposition products.
Download or read book Laser Induced Damage in Optical Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methoden ter bepaling van de gebruikseigenschappen van meubelen written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Programmatic EIS for Stockpile Stewardship and Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Continued Operation of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Draft Site wide Environmental Impact Statement for Continued Operation of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Supplemental Stockpile Sewardship and Management Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inertial Confinement Fusion written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Glass Science and Technology written by Vincenzo Maria Sglavo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-06-06 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, some recent advances in glass science and technology are collected. In the first part, the structure and crystallization of innovative glass compositions are analysed. In the second part, innovative applications are described from the use of glass in optical devices and lasers to fibres in composites, micropatterned components in sensors and microdevices, beads in building walls and sealing in solid oxide fuel cells.
Download or read book Optical Engineering at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory II written by Monya A. Lane and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2004 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of SPIE present the original research papers presented at SPIE conferences and other high-quality conferences in the broad-ranging fields of optics and photonics. These books provide prompt access to the latest innovations in research and technology in their respective fields. Proceedings of SPIE are among the most cited references in patent literature.
Download or read book Nuclear Fusion written by and published by . This book was released on 2001-05 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Baseline Unconverted Light Management indirect Drive Configuration written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document defines the baseline plan for the management of unconverted light in the NIF target chamber. It includes a detailed description of the characteristics of the diffractive optics (color separation grating) and their orientation for each beam. The resulting unconverted light distribution is then described in a form that will ease experiment planning.
Download or read book Lasers and Nuclei written by Heinrich Schwoerer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-22 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lasers and Nuclei describes the generation of high-energy-particle radiation with high-intensity lasers and its application to nuclear science. A basic introduction to laser--matter interaction at high fields is complemented by detailed presentations of state of the art laser particle acceleration and elementary laser nuclear experiments. The text also discusses future applications of lasers in nuclear science, for example in nuclear astrophysics, isotope generation, nuclear fuel physics and proton and neutron imaging.
Download or read book A Guide to the Preventive Conservation of Photograph Collections written by Bertrand Lavédrine and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A resource for the photographic conservator, conservation scientist, curator, as well as professional collector, this volume synthesizes both the masses of research that has been completed to date and the international standards that have been established on the subject.
Download or read book Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium written by A.K. Suri and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth and development witnessed today in modern science, engineering, and technology owes a heavy debt to the rare, refractory, and reactive metals group, of which niobium is a member. Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium presents a vivid account of the metal through its comprehensive discussions of properties and applications, resources and resource processing, chemical processing and compound preparation, metal extraction, and refining and consolidation. Typical flow sheets adopted in some leading niobium-producing countries for the beneficiation of various niobium sources are presented, and various chemical processes for producing pure forms of niobium intermediates such as chloride, fluoride, and oxide are discussed. The book also explains how to liberate the metal from its intermediates and describes the physico-chemical principles involved. It is an excellent reference for chemical metallurgists, hydrometallurgists, extraction and process metallurgists, and minerals processors. It is also valuable to a wide variety of scientists, engineers, technologists, and students interested in the topic.
Download or read book Frontiers in Chemical Engineering written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the next 10 to 15 years, chemical engineers have the potential to affect every aspect of American life and promote the scientific and industrial leadership of the United States. Frontiers in Chemical Engineering explores the opportunities available and gives a blueprint for turning a multitude of promising visions into realities. It also examines the likely changes in how chemical engineers will be educated and take their place in the profession, and presents new research opportunities.
Download or read book Handbook of Biomass Downdraft Gasifier Engine Systems written by Thomas B. Reed and published by Biomass Energy Foundation. This book was released on 1988 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Alcohol Textbook written by K. A. Jacques and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
