Download or read book Low Temperature Surface Carburization of Stainless Steels written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Thermochemical Surface Engineering of Steels Improving Materials Performance written by Eric J. Mittemeijer and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermochemical surface engineering significantly improves the properties of steels. Edited by two of the world s leading authorities, this important book summarises the range of techniques and their applications. It covers nitriding, nitrocarburizing and carburizing. There are also chapters on low temperature techniques as well as boriding, sheradizing, aluminizing, chromizing, thermo-reactive deposition and diffusion. Reviews the fundamentals of surface treatments and current performance of improved materialsCovers nitriding, nitrocarburizing and carburizing of iron and iron carbon alloysExamines how different thermochemical surface engineering methods can help against corrosion"

Download or read book Stainless Steel 2000 written by Tom Bell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-01-31 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Austenitic stainless steels lend themselves to a wide range of applications. However, they normally stiffer from poor wear resistance and do not respond well to traditional surface treatments. This volume. the fruit of a current status seminar, reflects the enormous strides which have been made in the last few years in the study of the expanded austenite phase (also called the S phase) and the development of new surface treatment techniques. As well as the papers presented at the seminar, the book contains selection from related papers and a comprehensive bibliography of the literature on the subject from 1979 to 2000.

Download or read book The Structural Evolution During Low Temperature Carburization of 17 7 Precipitation Hardened Stainless Steel written by Chieh-Wen Chen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low temperature paraequilibrium carburization is an effective method to enhance surface hardness and corrosion resistance in austenitic stainless steels, provided that equilibrium carbide formation is suppressed [1]. In this study, 17-7 precipitation-hardening stainless steel (PH SS) was subjected to paraequilibrium carburization at 350 and 380 °C. Metallographic images taken on etched cross sections of carburized samples and the hardness depth profile are consistent with the results found in carburized austenitic stainless steels -- a hardened, etch-resistant surface layer can be formed. Besides, experimental results from X-ray Diffraction (XRD), magnetic force microscopy (MFM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of carburized 17-7 PH SS have shown a carburization-induced transformation form martensite to austenite during paraequilibrium carburization, which results from the known ability of carbon to act as an austenite stabilizer. Although EBSD results reveal that e-ferrite remains the same phase after paraequilibrium carburization, a higher carbon concentration than the calculated value using the CALPHAD method in e-ferrite was measured. In this work, the carburization-induced phase transformation and the effect of low temperature carburization on 17-7 PH SS have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (XEDS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), XRD, EBSD and TEM. The goal of this study is to identify the structural evolution and transformation mechanism in carburized 17-7 PH SS in order to understand the relationship between carburization and the martensitic transformation.

Download or read book Tribology Of 316l Austenitic Stainless Steel Carburized At Low Temperature written by Lucas John O'Donnell and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically it has been very difficult to harden the surface of stainless steels without the loss of corrosion resistance. A novel low temperature carburization process developed by Swagelok Co. which greatly improves the wear resistance of stainless steel has accomplished this feat. This project has studied the friction and wear behavior of low temperature carburized AISI 316L; 1.) Sliding against hard materials, 2.) Sliding under a range of contact stresses and sliding speeds, and 3.) The relationship of wear resistance to the properties of the surface hardened region. It was found that low temperature carburization provided an immense improvement in wear resistance when sliding against hard materials, and this improvement is maintained under stresses and sliding speeds that are too severe for non-treated stainless steels. Furthermore, the improvement in wear resistance was found to be heavily dependent on the hardness and thickness of the case hardened region.

Download or read book Surface Modification of Superaustenitic and Maraging Stainless Steels by Low temperature Gas phase Carburization written by Johannes Gentil and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Manufacturing and Application of Stainless Steels written by Andrea Di Schino and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stainless steels represent a quite interesting material family, both from a scientific and commercial point of view, following to their excellent combination in terms of strength and ductility together with corrosion resistance. Thanks to such properties, stainless steels have been indispensable for the technological progress during the last century and their annual consumption increased faster than other materials. They find application in all these fields requiring good corrosion resistance together with ability to be worked into complex geometries. Despite to their diffusion as a consolidated materials, many research fields are active regarding the possibility to increase stainless steels mechanical properties and corrosion resistance by grain refinement or by alloying by interstitial elements. At the same time innovations are coming from the manufacturing process of such a family of materials, also including the possibility to manufacture them starting from metals powder for 3D printing. The Special Issue scope embraces interdisciplinary work covering physical metallurgy and processes, reporting about experimental and theoretical progress concerning microstructural evolution during processing, microstructure-properties relations, applications including automotive, energy and structural.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Tribology written by Q. Jane Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-09-26 with total page 4139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRIBOLOGY – the study of friction, wear and lubrication – impacts almost every aspect of our daily lives. The Springer Encyclopedia of Tribology is an authoritative and comprehensive reference covering all major aspects of the science and engineering of tribology that are relevant to researchers across all engineering industries and related scientific disciplines. This is the first major reference that brings together the science, engineering and technological aspects of tribology of this breadth and scope in a single work. Developed and written by leading experts in the field, the Springer Encyclopedia of Tribology covers the fundamentals as well as advanced applications across material types, different length and time scales, and encompassing various engineering applications and technologies. Exciting new areas such as nanotribology, tribochemistry and biotribology have also been included. As a six-volume set, the Springer Encyclopedia of Tribology comprises 1630 entries written by authoritative experts in each subject area, under the guidance of an international panel of key researchers from academia, national laboratories and industry. With alphabetically-arranged entries, concept diagrams and cross-linking features, this comprehensive work provides easy access to essential information for both researchers and practicing engineers in the fields of engineering (aerospace, automotive, biomedical, chemical, electrical, and mechanical) as well as materials science, physics, and chemistry.

Download or read book Low Temperature Acetylene Based Carburization and Nitrocarburization of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel written by Yindong Ge and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-temperature gas-phase carburization dramatically improves the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels. However, successful application of this technology requires in situ removal of the spontaneously formed Cr2O3-rich passive film which otherwise inhibits or prevents uptake of carbon during carburization. It has been demonstrated by both thermodynamic calculations and experiments that acetylene (C2H2) can be used for this zactivationy step. On electropolished surfaces of AISI 316L steel, a 16 hour acetylene-based carburization treatment at 450 °C generated a continuous case (hardened surface layer) with up to 15 at.% carbon and>3% lattice parameter expansion. This increased the surface hardness from 3.5 GPa to 13 GPa. As in earlier observations on 316L after activation with a different method, acetylene-based carburization produced a colossal supersaturation of the austenite with carbon, even though needle-shaped carbide particles were observed on the specific processing conditions applied here. The stoichiometry of the carbides was M7C3, which demonstrated a specific orientation relationship with the austenite matrix. Despite the presence of carbide precipitates, the pitting corrosion resistance of the material in the chlorine-containing environments was significantly improved. The current work revealed a strong influence of surface finish on the efficacy of low-temperature acetylene-based carburization of AISI 316L. Finer finished samples obtained thicker cases and larger surface carbon concentrations than coarser finished samples. TEM (transmission electron microscopy) revealed that the difference is due to the deformation-induced disturbed layers on the steel surfaces. A thick (>400 nm) disturbed layer consisting of fine nano-crystalline grains ({u02DC}10 nm diameter) inhibits acetylene-based carburization. Systematic experiments demonstrated that low-temperature carburization is more effective after removal of this layer. In addition to carburization, low-temperature acetylene-based nitrocarburization was achieved by adding a small amount of ammonia gas to the carbonaceous gas mixture. The effects of temperature and gas composition on the acetylene-based carburization/ nitrocarburization were also studied. It was found that adding nitrogen to the gas can suppress carbide precipitation without compromising the properties of such interstitially hardened steel.

Download or read book High Performance Stainless Steels written by Curtis W. Kovach and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Carburization of Austenitic Stainless Steel in Liquid Sodium written by W. J. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Improvement of Fatigue Properties of Stainless Steel by Low Temperature Carburization written by Nikhil Agarwal and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components written by Lauralice de Campos Franceschini Canale and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2008 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Low Temperature Carburization of Ferritic Stainless Steels written by Joshua H. Katz and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ferritic stainless steels with a high chromium content were case hardened at 350 to 420o C using a carburization technique developed by the Swagelok company. This carburization treatment applied to body-centered cubic ferritic stainless steels has resulted in a case only a few microns thick in contrast to the 20 to 40 micron thick cases produced in face-centered cubic austenitic stainless steels carburized at 450 to 470o C. This situation has been investigated using CALPHAD based thermodynamic simulation techniques to explore the possible formation of carbides having the same composition of metal elements as their ferritic matrix, i.e. paraequilibrium carbides. Experimental work has included X-ray Diraction (XRD), hardness measurements, metallographic analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Auger Electron Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Both the simulation and the experimental work indicate that paraequilibrium carbides are forming a layer in the near surface region that creates a barrier which greatly restricts carbon diffusion into the ferrite phase during the carburization treatments.

Download or read book PRACTICAL HEAT TREATING written by JON L. DOSSETT and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Developments in High Temperature Corrosion and Protection of Materials written by W Gao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-04-09 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High temperature corrosion is a phenomenon that occurs in components that operate at very high temperatures, such as gas turbines, jet engines and industrial plants. Engineers are constantly striving to understand and prevent this type of corrosion. This book examines the latest developments in the understanding of high temperature corrosion processes and protective oxide scales and coatings.Part one looks at high temperature corrosion. Chapters cover diffusion and solid state reactions, external and internal oxidation of alloys, metal dusting corrosion, tribological degradation, hot corrosion, and oxide scales on hot-rolled steel strips. Modern techniques for analysing high temperature oxidation and corrosion are also discussed. Part two discusses methods of protection using ceramics, composites, protective oxide scales and coatings. Chapters focus on layered ternary ceramics, alumina scales, Ti-Al intermetallic compounds, metal matrix composites, chemical vapour deposited silicon carbide, nanocrystalline coatings and thermal barrier coatings. Part three provides case studies illustrating some of the challenges of high temperature corrosion to industry and how they can be overcome. Case studies include the petrochemical industry, modern incinerators and oxidation processing of electronic materials.This book is a valuable reference tool for engineers who develop heat resistant materials, mechanical engineers who design and maintain high temperature equipment and plant, and research scientists and students who study high temperature corrosion and protection of materials. - Describes the latest developments in understanding high temperature corrosion - Presents the latest research by the leading innovators from around the globe - Case studies are provided to illustrate key points

Download or read book Corrosion of Stainless Steels written by A. John Sedriks and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-04-19 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Complete, Up-to-Date Introduction to Corrosion of StainlessSteels and Metallurgical Factors This fully updated Second Editionof Corrosion of Stainless Steels covers the tremendous advancesmade with stainless steels in recent decades, includingapplications in many new areas--from marine technologies andoff-shore oil production to power plants and the kitchen sink. Thisbook offers unique insights into the corrosion mechanisms affectingstainless steels, details problem-avoidance strategies, and helpsidentify corrosion-resistant capabilities for these remarkablealloys Sponsored by the Electrochemical Society, Corrosion osStainless Steels * Provides a comprehensive introduction to the selection,development, and production of all types of stainless steels * Emphasizes how metallurgical factors affect corrosionresistance * Examines the limitations of stainless steels within the contextof a discussion on higher alloys * Takes an interdisciplinary approach that demonstrates thecombined effects of metallurgy, chemistry, and electrochemistry oncorrosion resistance * Provides baseline knowledge and testing standards for stainlesssteels, and facilitates failure analysis for industrial purposes orlitigation related to equipment failure This is a much-needed text for materials scientists, chemicalengineers, corrosion specialists, graduate students, and anyone whoneeds to be brought up to date on this subject.