Download or read book Low temperature Interstitial Hardening of 15 5 Precipitation Hardening Martensitic Stainless Steel written by Amirali Zangiabadi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface engineering is a relatively new branch of science and technology. Low-temperature (= 723K) interstitial hardening via carburization and nitridation are effective ways to enhance engineering performance of stainless steels surfaces and developed in the past 20 years. At these para-equilibrium processing temperatures, the substitutional elements in the steels are effectively immobilized, thereby suppressing carbide or nitride formation. The surface hardness, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance are significantly enhanced due to the resulting "colossal" interstitial super-saturations achieved during such para-equilibrium interstitial hardening. The studies on 15-5PH precipitation hardening martensitic stainless steels resulted in unusual phenomena, following para-equilibrium nitridation. Firstly, isothermal martensite-to-austenite phase transformation has been observed after low-temperature nitridation in the martensite phase. The transformation occurs in the near-surface regions of the alloy, in which the nitrogen concentration reaches more than 15%at. These observations are consistent with the notion that nitrogen is a strong austenite stabilizer and substitutional diffusion is effectively frozen at the processing temperature. Our microstructural observations and diffraction analyses provide conclusive evidence for the martensitic nature of this phase transformation. The second response of this alloy (similar to the other alloys, e.g. 13-8 PH, 17-7 PH and 2205) is an anomaly in the martensite (or ferrite) lattice, which can be attributed to the enormous tetragonality, approaching c/a = 1.12. Due to the distortion of both phases at the interface, it is sometimes hard to differentiate one from another in their DPs (diffraction patterns). The phenomenological crystallographic theory of the martensite-to-austenite phase transformation has been applied. The theory indicates that the martensitic phase transformation necessitates the closed-packed planes (i.e. {111}¿) of the newly-formed austenite phase undergo shearing. The microstructural studies confirm this internal shearing of the austenite phase. It further appears that the martensitic austenite observed in this work deviates from cubic symmetry. Finally, this study shows that high concentrations of nitrogen interstitials cannot be realized in marten- site or ferrite even under "nitrogen paraequilibrium" conditions, because of the formation of martensitic austenite.
Download or read book PRACTICAL HEAT TREATING written by JON L. DOSSETT and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Precipitation Hardening written by J. W. Martin and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precipitation Hardening (or age-hardening) is an important technique for the metal-using industries. The process is used to enhance the mechanical properties of a wide range of alloys, notably those based on aluminium, but also embracing some nickel and other non-ferrous alloys as well as certain steels. It is important that the mechanisms that produce this improvement in properties are understood so that the desired properties can be optimised. This book provides a thorough treatment and grounding in the subject for the student of materials science and engineering, as well as guidance, for those using the process in industry and in research. A number of excerpts from classic papers are included, which illustrate the development of precipitation hardening from being an art to a science.Precipitation Hardening (or age-hardening) is an important technique for the metal-using industries. The process is used to enhance the mechanical properties of a wide range of alloys, notably those based on aluminium, but also embracing some nickel and other non-ferrous alloys as well as certain steels. It is important that the mechanisms that produce this improvement in properties are understood so that the desired properties can be optimised. This book provides a thorough treatment and grounding in the subject for the student of materials science and engineering, as well as guidance, for those using the process in industry and in research. A number of excerpts from classic papers are included, which illustrate the development of precipitation hardening from being an art to a science.
Download or read book Properties of Some Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steels and Low Alloy High Strength Steels at Very Low Temperatures written by L. P. Rice and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cryogenic properties of materials have assumed great importance since the development of the liquid-fueled rocket engine as a prime propulsion system. A great deal of work is under way in a number of laboratories, including Battelle Memorial Institute, to determine the mechanical properties of materials to be used at liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen temperatures. Of special interest are a number of alloys such as the precipitation-hardening stainless steels and the high-strength low-alloy steels being used in missiles and aircraft now in production. These steels possess high strength-to-weight ratios and are generally heat treated so as to have high strength at room and moderately elevated temperatures. Mechanical properties of metals and alloys measured at cryogenic temperatures often reveal extreme brittleness. It is for this reason that the selection or use of high-strength metals for low-temperature applications must be based on mechanical properties determined at the operating temperatures. This paper contains data on the cryogenic properties of several precipitation-hardening stainless steels and high-strength low-alloy steels from room temperature to -423 F.
Download or read book Precipitation Hardening written by John Wilson Martin and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1968 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book High Nitrogen Steels written by Valentin G. Gavriljuk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic research and new manufacturing methods have led to high nitrogen steels (HNS), a promising new group of materials for use in advanced applications in mechanical and chemical engineering. The book deals with the atomic structure, constitution, properties, manufacturing and application of martensitic, austenitic, duplex and dualphase steels of superior strength and corrosion resistance. Combining metallurgy and engineering aspects. It gives a detailed overview and presents new results on HNS. The book is intended for scientists as well as technologists, who will find stimulating information.
Download or read book Heat Treatment of Stainless Steels written by Rustless Iron and Steel Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Performance Stainless Steels written by Curtis W. Kovach and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manufacturing and Application of Stainless Steels written by Andrea Di Schino and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stainless steels represent a quite interesting material family, both from a scientific and commercial point of view, following to their excellent combination in terms of strength and ductility together with corrosion resistance. Thanks to such properties, stainless steels have been indispensable for the technological progress during the last century and their annual consumption increased faster than other materials. They find application in all these fields requiring good corrosion resistance together with ability to be worked into complex geometries. Despite to their diffusion as a consolidated materials, many research fields are active regarding the possibility to increase stainless steels mechanical properties and corrosion resistance by grain refinement or by alloying by interstitial elements. At the same time innovations are coming from the manufacturing process of such a family of materials, also including the possibility to manufacture them starting from metals powder for 3D printing. The Special Issue scope embraces interdisciplinary work covering physical metallurgy and processes, reporting about experimental and theoretical progress concerning microstructural evolution during processing, microstructure-properties relations, applications including automotive, energy and structural.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 1042 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NSA is a comprehensive collection of international nuclear science and technology literature for the period 1948 through 1976, pre-dating the prestigious INIS database, which began in 1970. NSA existed as a printed product (Volumes 1-33) initially, created by DOE's predecessor, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). NSA includes citations to scientific and technical reports from the AEC, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration and its contractors, plus other agencies and international organizations, universities, and industrial and research organizations. References to books, conference proceedings, papers, patents, dissertations, engineering drawings, and journal articles from worldwide sources are also included. Abstracts and full text are provided if available.
Download or read book Corrosion of Stainless Steels written by A. John Sedriks and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-04-19 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Complete, Up-to-Date Introduction to Corrosion of StainlessSteels and Metallurgical Factors This fully updated Second Editionof Corrosion of Stainless Steels covers the tremendous advancesmade with stainless steels in recent decades, includingapplications in many new areas--from marine technologies andoff-shore oil production to power plants and the kitchen sink. Thisbook offers unique insights into the corrosion mechanisms affectingstainless steels, details problem-avoidance strategies, and helpsidentify corrosion-resistant capabilities for these remarkablealloys Sponsored by the Electrochemical Society, Corrosion osStainless Steels * Provides a comprehensive introduction to the selection,development, and production of all types of stainless steels * Emphasizes how metallurgical factors affect corrosionresistance * Examines the limitations of stainless steels within the contextof a discussion on higher alloys * Takes an interdisciplinary approach that demonstrates thecombined effects of metallurgy, chemistry, and electrochemistry oncorrosion resistance * Provides baseline knowledge and testing standards for stainlesssteels, and facilitates failure analysis for industrial purposes orlitigation related to equipment failure This is a much-needed text for materials scientists, chemicalengineers, corrosion specialists, graduate students, and anyone whoneeds to be brought up to date on this subject.
Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Irradiated Stainless Steels written by Richard E. Schreiber and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermochemical Surface Engineering of Steels Improving Materials Performance written by Eric J. Mittemeijer and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermochemical surface engineering significantly improves the properties of steels. Edited by two of the world s leading authorities, this important book summarises the range of techniques and their applications. It covers nitriding, nitrocarburizing and carburizing. There are also chapters on low temperature techniques as well as boriding, sheradizing, aluminizing, chromizing, thermo-reactive deposition and diffusion. Reviews the fundamentals of surface treatments and current performance of improved materialsCovers nitriding, nitrocarburizing and carburizing of iron and iron carbon alloysExamines how different thermochemical surface engineering methods can help against corrosion"
Download or read book The Austenite martensite Phase Relationships in Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steels written by George Krauss and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Austenitic Stainless Steels written by Wojciech Borek and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-12-20 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stainless steel is still one of the fastest growing materials. Today, the austenitic stainless steel with the classic composition of 18% Cr and 8% Ni (grade 304L) is still the most widely used by far in the world. The unique characteristic of stainless steel arises from three main factors. The versatility results from high corrosion resistance, excellent low- and high-temperature properties, high toughness, formability, and weldability. The long life of stainless steels has been proven in service in a wide range of environments, together with low maintenance costs compared to other highly alloyed metallic materials. The retained value of stainless steel results from the high intrinsic value and easy recycling. Stainless steel, especially of austenitic microstructure, plays a crucial role in achieving sustainable development nowadays, so it is also important for further generations.
Download or read book Manufacturing Engineer s Reference Book written by D. KOSHAL and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 895 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Never before have the wide range of disciplines comprising manufacturing engineering been covered in such detail in one volume. Leading experts from all over the world have contributed sections. The coverage represents the most up to date survey of the broad interests of the manufacturing engineer. Extensive reference lists are provided, making this an indispensable work for every engineer in industry.Never before have the wide range of disciplines comprising manufacturing engineering been covered in such detail in one volume. Leading experts from all over the world have contributed sections. Materials and processes are described, as well as management issues, ergonomics, maintenance and computers in industry. CAD (Computer Aided Design), CAE (Computer Aided Engineering), CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) and Quality are explored at length. The coverage represents the most up-to-date survey of the broad interests of the manufacturing engineer. Extensive reference lists are provided, making this an indispensable work for every engineer in industry.
