Download or read book Low Productivity in American Coal Mining written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Low Productivity in American Coal Mining written by United States General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Low Productivity in American Coal Mining written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low Productivity in American Coal Mining: Causes and Cures
Download or read book Low Productivity in American Coal Mining written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Low Productivity in American Coal Mining written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coal written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-12-21 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal will continue to provide a major portion of energy requirements in the United States for at least the next several decades. It is imperative that accurate information describing the amount, location, and quality of the coal resources and reserves be available to fulfill energy needs. It is also important that the United States extract its coal resources efficiently, safely, and in an environmentally responsible manner. A renewed focus on federal support for coal-related research, coordinated across agencies and with the active participation of the states and industrial sector, is a critical element for each of these requirements. Coal focuses on the research and development needs and priorities in the areas of coal resource and reserve assessments, coal mining and processing, transportation of coal and coal products, and coal utilization.
Download or read book Advances in Productive Safe and Responsible Coal Mining written by Joseph Hirschi and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-18 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Productive, Safe, and Responsible Coal Mining covers the latest advancements in coal mining technology and practices. It gives a comprehensive introduction to the latest research and technology developments, addressing problems and issues currently being faced, and is a valuable resource of complied technical information on the latest coal mining safety and health research. As coal's staying power has been at the forefront of the world’s energy mix for more than a century, this book explores critical issues affecting coal mining, including how to maintain low-cost productivity, address health and safety hazards, and how to be responsible environmental stewards. This book takes a holistic approach in addressing each issue from the perspective of its impact on the coal mining operation and industry as a whole. Explains how to effectively produce coal within existing environmental constraints Encapsulates the latest health and safety research and technological advances in the coal mining industry Written by authors who have developed the latest technology for coal mines
Download or read book Low Productivity in American Coal Mining written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sources of Productivity Growth in the American Coal Industry 1972 95 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aggregate productivity statistics succinctly and conveniently measure the efficiency with which resources are being used in a country or industry, but problems of measurement and aggregation in the inevitable presence of heterogeneity require that these statistics be interpreted carefully to avoid misleading results. This paper exploits an unusual database to explore the differences between productivity trends as they appear at the aggregate level and as they may be experienced at the firm level. The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), as part of its mandated regulatory effort, has collected labor input and coal output information for every mine in the United States since 1972, along with data on site locations, operator identity, and mining techniques (U.S. Department of Labor, MSHA, "Part 50 Coal Mining Address/Employment and Accident/Injury Files"; henceforth USDOL, MSHA, Part 50). Thus, labor productivity can be observed for this industry at the lowest practicable level; and, based on this microdata, a national aggregate, as well as any number of sub-aggregates, can be formed from the bottom up. Working from microdata all the way up to the aggregate industry level not only supplements industry aggregate statistics but also permits an examination of the root causes of aggregate productivity change with greater clarity than is usually the case.
Download or read book Coal written by British Coal Mining Productivity Team and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Labor Productivity Changes in Appalachian Coal Mining written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The U s Coal Industry written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Trump Administration has taken several actions intended to help revive the U.S. coal industry. Within its first two months, the Administration rolled back or began reversing several coal-related regulations finalized under the Obama Administration. This effort was undertaken as three of the largest coal producers continued recovery from Chapter 11 bankruptcy, and occurred in the context of higher coal prices (making coal production possibly more profitable), lower inventories, and higher natural gas prices-factors that could lead to coal being more competitive as a fuel source for electricity generation. Coal will likely remain an essential component of the U.S. energy supply, but how big will its footprint be? U.S. coal production had been strong since the 1990s (above or near 1 billion short tons per year until 2014), and reached its highest level of production in 2008 (1.17 billion short tons). But it declined precipitously in 2015 and 2016. The Energy Information Administration's (EIA's) current data and short-term projections show coal production remaining under 800 million short tons in 2017 and 2018. Long-term EIA projections show that coal production is likely to fall below 600 million short tons per year, assuming implementation of the Obama Administration's Clean Power Plan (CPP). Without CPP, coal production is expected to remain relatively flat, at around 800-900 million short tons per year through 2050. As a result of societal concerns, among them the desire for cleaner air, coal consumption may have peaked. But in either case (declining or flat demand), coal is a smaller share of the total U.S. energy pie. Power generation is the primary market for coal, accounting for about 93% of total consumption. With the retirement of many coal-fired power plants and the building of new gas-fired plants, accompanied by lower electricity demand, there has been a structural shift in demand for U.S. coal-one that may lead to reduced capacity over the long term for coal-fired electricity generation. In 2016, natural gas overtook coal as the top energy source for power generation. Also, the strength of renewables for electricity generation should not be discounted, as EIA projects annual growth at a rate of 2.6% through 2050. Thus, coal would very likely remain a smaller portion of total U.S. energy consumption for years to come, particularly as energy used for power generation. The trend in coal mining has been to improve labor productivity, or to make production more efficient, with the use of technology. There were sharp increases in labor productivity (more coal per man-hour) in the 1980s and 1990s, as labor productivity more than doubled from 1985 to 2000, particularly at coal mines in the West. There is no indication that the coal industry will see a reversal of these production trends, even if there are some short-term gains in employment. The coal industry is highly concentrated in the United States, with just a handful of major producers, operating primarily in four states (Wyoming, West Virginia, Kentucky, and Illinois). In 2015, the top five coal mining companies were responsible for about 57% of U.S. coal production, led by Peabody Energy Corp. with 19.6% and Arch Coal Inc. with 14.6%. The coal majors made numerous acquisitions in 2011 during a period of increasing global demand but of slowing domestic demand, weak coal prices, and more competitive natural gas supplies. The debt load and coal overproduction during this period was not sustainable and led to the bankruptcy of many coal firms. Three of the top five coal producers filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection beginning in August 2015 (Alpha in August 2015, Arch Coal in February 2016, and Peabody in April 2016). Other major producers such as Patriot Coal, Walter Energy, and James River Coal have filed for bankruptcy as well. Over 50 coal producers have filed for bankruptcy in the past two years, with total of $19.3 billion in debt being reorganized.
Download or read book The U S Coal Industry written by Martin B. Zimmerman and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal mining industrial economics, USA - transport, supply and demand economic models, production factor prices, costs of environmental protection regulations.
Download or read book Black Coal Miners in America written by Ronald L. Lewis and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the early day of mining in colonial Virginia and Maryland up to the time of World War II, blacks were an important part of the labor force in the coal industry. Yet in this, as in other enterprises, their role has heretofore been largely ignored. Now Roland L. Lewis redresses the balance in this comprehensive history of black coal miners in America. The experience of blacks in the industry has varied widely over time and by region, and the approach of this study is therefore more comparative than chronological. Its aim is to define the patterns of race relations that prevailed among the miners. Using this approach, Lewis finds five distractive systems of race relations. There was in the South before and after the Civil War a system of slavery and convict labor -- an enforced servitude without legal compensation. This was succeeded by an exploitative system whereby the southern coal operators, using race as an excuse, paid lower wages to blacks and thus succeeded in depressing the entire wage scale. By contrast, in northern and midwestern mines, the pattern was to exclude blacks from the industry so that whites could control their jobs and their communities. In the central Appalachians, although blacks enjoyed greater social equality, the mine operators manipulated racial tensions to keep the work force divided and therefore weak. Finally, with the advent of mechanization, black laborers were displaced from the mines to such an extent that their presence in the coal fields in now nearly a thing of the past. By analyzing the ways race, class, and community shaped social relations in the coal fields, Black Coal Miners in America makes a major contribution to the understanding of regional, labor, social, and African-American history.
Download or read book Panel Data Analysis of United States Coal Productivity written by Thomas M. Stoker and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze labor productivity in coal mining in the United States using indices of productivity change associated with the concepts of panel data modeling. This approach is valuable when there is extensive heterogeneity in production units, as with coal mines. We find substantial returns to scale for coal mining in all geographical regions, and find that smooth technical progress is exhibited by estimates of the fixed effects for coal mining. We carry out a variety of diagnostic analyses of our basic model and primary modeling assumptions, using recently proposed methods for addressing 'errors-in-variable' and 'weak instrument bias' problems, as well a new method for studying errors-in-variables in nonlinear contexts.
Download or read book Technological Change and Productivity in the Bituminous Coal Industry 1920 60 written by Edgar Weinberg and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book To Punish or Persuade written by John Braithwaite and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1985-06-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In To Punish or Persuade, John Braithwaite declares that coal mine disasters are usually the result of corporate crime. He surveys 39 coal mine disasters from around the world, including 19 in the United States since 1960, and concludes that mine fatalities are usually not caused by human error or the unstoppable forces of nature. He shows that a combination of punitive and educative measures taken against offenders can have substantial effects in reducing injuries to miners. Braithwaite not only develops a model for determining the optimal mix of punishment and persuasion to maximize mine safety, but provides regulatory agencies in general with a model for mixing the two strategies to ensure compliance with the law. To Punish or Persuade looks at coal mine safety in the United States, Great Britain, Australia, France, Belgium, and Japan. It examines closely the five American coal mining companies with the best safety performance in the industry: U.S. Steel, Bethlehem Steel, Consolidation Coal Company, Island Creek Coal Company, and Old Ben Coal Company. It also takes a look at the safety record of unionized versus non-unionized mines and how safety regulation enforcement impacts productivity.
