Download or read book Localisation of North Atlantic Right Whale Eubalaena Glacialis Sounds Using Hydrophone Arrays in the Bay of Fundy microform written by Laurinolli, M. H. (Marjo Hannele) and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 2002 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Acoustic Communication in the North Atlantic Right Whale Eubalaena Glacialis written by Susan Elizabeth Parks and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this thesis is the use of sound for communication by the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis). The surface active group (SAG) is the predominant social interaction in this species for which use of sound has been documented. Different group compositions in SAGs indicate that both potentially reproductive and non-reproductive groups have been combined under one label. Sound production in SAGs suggests that females form and maintain the groups by producing Scream calls. Males produce Upcalls to advertise their presence as they come into a group or when the female is on a dive. Males may use Gunshot sounds as threat signals to other males in the group or potentially as reproductive advertisement signals to the female. Some calves produce Warble sounds in SAGs. This may be limited to female calves. This description of acoustic activity in the groups adds to the picture of the SAGs as complex interactions between individuals, rather than simple groups with only one whale producing all the sounds to attract other whales to the group. Playback experiments demonstrate that right whales can use sounds from SAGs to locate the groups. Male right whales approached both North Atlantic and Southern right whale SAG playbacks. Female right whales only approached Southern right whale playbacks. Anatomical modeling resulted in a frequency range of hearing for the right whale (10 Hz - 22 kHz) that is consistent with the sounds that they produce and overlaps the frequency range of most anthropogenic noise sources. This combination of research provides a thorough description how North Atlantic right whales use sound in SAGs and how increasing levels of noise in the oceans may impact right whales in these groups.

Download or read book Locating North Atlantic Right Whales Eubalaena Glacialis in the Bay of Fundy Using Multiple Sonobuoys written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In July 1999, an array of 17 sonobuoys was deployed in the Grand Manan Basin area of the Bay of Fundy within the designated North Atlantic right whale conservation area. The objectives of this study were to determine the accuracy of locating right whales based on their sounds; to estimate source levels of these sounds; and to determine sound travel distances. This report presents results of that study with regard to the types of sounds identified, typical tonal vocalizations & their duration, determination of their locations, vocalization detection frequency, right whale sound source levels, mean distance to sounds detected, and average signal-to-noise ratio. This study is a step toward investigating methods of automatically detecting right whale sounds in order to improve the possibility of implementing a real-time whale tracking system.

Download or read book North Atlantic Right Whale Eubalaena Glacialis Detection Localization in the Bay of Fundy Using Widely Spaced Bottom Mounted Sensors written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A data set consisting of North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) vocalizations were provided as part of the 2003 International Workshop on Detection and Localization of Marine Mammals using Passive Acoustics in Halifax, Nova Scotia. These vocalizations were processed using a set of detection and localization algorithms developed as part of the Marine Mammal Monitoring on Navy Ranges (M3R) program. Localization is performed using hyperbolic multilateration on Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) data from a two stage FFT based energy detector. Binary FFTs are computed from the raw time series by thresholding the FFT using a time average in each bin as the threshold criteria. Clicks are detected by comparing the total number of bins above threshold to a secondary threshold. Detected clicks are split out of the data stream and the rest of the data is aligned using a spectrogram cross-correlation. Details of the marine mammal monitoring algorithms will be presented as well as results from the data set.).

Download or read book Characterisation of North Atlantic Right Whale Eubaleana Glacialis Underwater Vocalisations Recorded in the Bay of Fundy July 1999 written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Real-time knowledge of whale locations relative to naval operational areas & traffic zones is need to minimize risks of collision and the effects of noise. Passive acoustic monitoring of whale vocalizations may be the easiest, most efficient, and safest manner to localize & track whales in or near an operational area or traffic zone. To this end, a pilot study was conducted in the Bay of Fundy in the presence of an aggregation of North Atlantic right whales, a highly endangered species. The study was designed as a preliminary assessment of the feasibility of using passive acoustics for whale monitoring & location. This report summarizes the results of the first step of the pilot study, which characterized right whale vocalizations in terms of frequency, modulation, duration, harmonics, and time between individual vocalizations. The results indicate whether the whales are vocalizing sufficiently for monitoring and whether the vocalizations contain characteristics that are detectable & quantifiable to allow for automated monitoring.

Download or read book Surveillance Monitoring and Management of North Atlantic Right Whales Eubalaena Glacialis in Cape Cod Bay Massachusetts written by Moira W. Brown and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Acoustic Communication in the North Atlantic Right Whale Eubalaena Glacialis written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this thesis is the use of sound for communication by the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis). The surface active group (SAG) is the predominant social interaction in this species for which use of sound has been documented. Different group compositions in SAGs indicate that both potentially reproductive and non-reproductive groups have been combined under one label. Sound production in SAGs suggests that females form and maintain the groups by producing Scream calls. Males produce Upcalls and Gunshot sounds. Some calves produce Warble sounds in SAGs. Acoustic recordings confirm that SAGs are complex interactions between individuals, rather than simple groups with only one whale producing all the sounds to attract other whales to the group. Playback experiments demonstrate that right whales can use sounds from SAGs to locate the groups. Male right whales approached both North Atlantic and Southern right whale SAG playbacks. Female right whales only approached Southern right whale playbacks. Anatomical modeling resulted in a frequency range of hearing for the right whale (10 Hz - 22 kHz) that is consistent with the sounds that they produce and overlaps the frequency range of most anthropogenic noise sources. This combination of research provides a thorough description how North Atlantic right whales use sound in SAGs and how increasing levels of noise in the oceans may impact right whales in these groups. (25 tables, 68 figures, chapter refs.).

Download or read book Large Circular Hydrophone Arrays for Long range Monitoring of North Atlantic Right Whales written by Yvan Simard and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "To respond to the needs of continuously monitoring North Atlantic Right Whales (NARW) in real time over large areas of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, performance studies using simulations of in situ conditions have concluded that the optimal passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) systems were large circular hydrophone arrays. To accomplish this PAM challenge and position the whales in their habitat, two prototypes of such circular hydrophone arrays, 20 m in diameter, were designed, built, and tested off the Gaspé peninsula in the summer of 2021. This report presents the characteristics of this new PAM technology, used for the first time to track low frequency calling whales over large-scale sensitive areas of their habitats. These large apparatus were positioned on the seafloor, at significant distances from the coast, and depths exceeding human diver ranges. The deployment techniques, involving coordinated boats, are detailed. The approach used is discussed and recommendations for further improvements are provided. Examples of preliminary results confirming the performance studies are presented for several species of baleen whales and a transiting merchant ship. Further steps for real-time implementation will be detailed in further contributions from this research project "--Abstract, page vi.

Download or read book North Atlantic Right Whale Eubalaena Glacialis Acoustic Behavior And Feeding In Cape Cod Bay Massachusetts written by Ingrid Biedron and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Numbers of Calling Whales in the North Pacific written by William A. Watkins and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since November 1995, the U.S. Navy's Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) and other hydrophone arrays were used to regularly sample the occurrence of whale sounds in four regions bordering the continental margins across the North Pacific. The numbers of whales heard calling varied with season and location for each species, blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus), fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), and humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). For blue whales, calling during the fall season averaged 5 whales per event, winter averaged 1.5 whales per event, spring averaged 1 whale, and summer averaged 1.5 whales. For fin whales the numbers of whales heard ('F' calls from individuals) during winter averaged 3 whales per event, spring and fall calling averaged 1.5 whales, and summer averaged 1 whale. The 'J' calling events, regardless of season, were judged to be from at least 6 fin whales. Humpback singing typically was from 3 whales. These number demonstrated seasonal variations in calling whales for each region.

Download or read book Investigating the Migration and Foraging Ecology of North Atlantic Right Whales with Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Baleen and Zooplankton written by Nadine Stewart J. Lysiak and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The foraging grounds of the endangered North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) are protected under management rulings, but several datasets suggest that right whales use habitats far beyond these areas. In 2005, the National Marine Fisheries Service published a Right Whale Recovery Plan citing the "characterization and monitoring of important habitats" as high research priorities. Stable isotopes ratios in animal tissue are intrinsic tags of migration, as they vary regionally in the environment, and are assimilated via trophic transfer. This dissertation describes carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen stable isotope ratios in baleen and zooplankton collected in the Gulf of Maine, and their application in determining the migration patterns and foraging ecology of E. glacialis. The Gulf of Maine stable isotope landscape was examined through analysis of zooplankton samples from seven E. glacialis habitats. Cape Cod Bay, Great South Channel, and the Bay of Fundy represent distinct isotope sources to right whales. All other habitat areas were statistically indistinguishable, and seasonal right whale movements between these areas cannot be resolved with stable isotope geochemistry. Isotope records in E. glacialis baleen, like those of other large whale species, contain annual oscillations that correspond to broad-scale north/south migrations. To examine right whale movement patterns at seasonal time scales, baleen isotope records, the North Atlantic Right Whale Catalog sighting records, and habitat-specific zooplankton stable isotope values were compared. Poor correlations were found between observed and expected baleen isotope values, likely because of the confounding contribution of body nutrient pools that were de-coupled from diet (i.e. non-essential amino acids). Comparisons of recently collected E. glacialis baleen data with isotope records from late 19 th -early 20 th century baleen revealed a long-term decrease in carbon and increase in nitrogen isotopes. The observed trends are attributed to increasing anthropogenic inputs of carbon dioxide and nitrogen species, climatic forcing from the North Atlantic and Pacific Decadal Oscillations, and poor overall health in the present- day right whale population. The results of this study revealed that right whales use "historic habitat" areas more frequently than currently assumed, and demonstrates both the spatial/temporal limitations of the stable isotope method and the confounding effect of fluctuating biogeochemical signals in the environment

Download or read book Characterization of Blue Whale Calls from the Northeast Pacific and Development of a Matched Filter to Locate Blue Whales on the U S Navy SOSUS SOund SUrveillance System Arrays written by Kathleen Mary Stafford and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) are the largest of the baleen whales. Blue whale calls were recorded off the coast of California in fall, 1993 and measured for frequency and time characteristics. On average, blue whale calls lasted 16 s, swept down from 18.9 to 17.3 Hz and were repeated every 38 s. These results are similar to blue whale calls recorded elsewhere in that they possess a frequency downsweep component which lasts from 16-18 s. Ambient noise levels in the ocean due to sources such as wind, waves or shipping can make it difficult to detect blue whale calls in raw hydrophone data. The characteristics of the blue whale calls recorded in the field were sufficiently similar to design a matched filter (kernel) to automatically detect calls obscured by ambient noise. This filter worked well at identifying blue whale calls when applied to the data from which it was derived and on data from the U.S. Navy's SOSUS (SOund SUrveillance System) array. The U.S. Navy has been monitoring low-frequency sounds in the northeast Pacific using bottom-mounted hydrophone arrays since the mid- 1950's. The use of this system was extended to the study of low-frequency whale calls. By applying the matched filter developed from field data to each of three hydrophone arrays and using location algorithms developed for seismic work, it was possible to pick the same call on each array and determine its location by examining the arrival time differences at each hydrophone and comparing this to a predefined location. To confirm the validity of these locations, a ground-truthing experiment was conducted whereby a Navy P-3 aircraft was given locations determined with the matched filter to try to visually and/or acoustically locate blue whales off the Oregon coast. Other locations were determined for 10 days in July and August, 1994.

Download or read book Developing an Acoustic Method for Reducing North Atlantic Right Whale Eubalaena Glacialis Ship Strike Mortality Along the United States Eastern Seaboard written by Kaitlyn Allen Mullen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Right Whales Wrong Places North Atlantic Right Whales in the Bay of Fundy written by J. A. (Jonathan Arthur) Percy and published by Annapolis Royal, N.S. : Clean Annapolis River Project. This book was released on 1996 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book North Atlantic Ocean Habitats Important to the Conservation of North Atlantic Right Whales Eubalanea Glacialis written by Richard M. Pace and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We provide a spatial and temporal description of the habitats important to the conservation of North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) in US waters of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. This analysis is based on the premise that the biological and physical feature of habitat essential to the conservation of right whales in this region (i.e., the primary constituent element [PCE] which a species needs to survive and reproduce) is the presence of dense patches of calanoid copepods (notably Calanus finmarchicus). Despite the general importance of copepods to the marine food web of the region, only limited data are available to map the distribution of dense copepod patches that constitute the PCE for foraging right whales. Hence, we used right whale foraging areas as a proxy for the spatial locations of these patches. Based on systematic sighting surveys for right whales conducted from 1970 through 2005, we identified concentrations of foraging right whales in US Atlantic waters north of 40° N latitude. These data were then used to define Dynamic Area Management (DAM) zones, which indicated that most of the area north of the Great South Channel on Georges Bank was used at least seasonally for foraging. This region included seasonal foraging subareas generally identified as Cape Cod Bay, Great South Channel, Northern Edge of Georges Bank, Western Gulf of Maine, Wilkinson Basin, and Jordan Basin. Wilkinson and Jordan Basins are also considered essential to the conservation of right whales because these two basins are source areas for the dense copepod concentrations upon which right whales prey in US Northwest Atlantic waters"--Publication's home page.

Download or read book Satellite monitored Movements and Dive Behavior of the Right Whale Eubalaena Glacialis in the Western North Atlantic written by Bruce R. Mate and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Updated recovery plan for the western North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis written by Gregory Keith Silber and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: