Download or read book LITWA written by Jerzy Dargiewicz and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2014 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is about history of Lithuania and Russia in Medieval Ages, about writing chronicles, and meanings of words used at the time. It is an analysis of over 30 volumes of the Full Collection of Russian Chronicles, that dates back to 855 A.D. The chronicles in Medieval Ages were written in Slavic using Cyrillic alphabet by monks of the Russian Orthodox Church and in Old German and Medieval Latin by monks of the Teutonic Order. Full texts from Lithuanian in Old Belorussian tongue and excerpts in translations from Russian and Teutonic are included. The book starts in 13th century Lithuania—the time Lithuania emerged as state. The analysis of chronicles takes its reader through said above records made by Russian Orthodox monks (855 - 1453 A.D.), and to records and documents made by Catholics—Teutons and Poles (1191 - 1434 A.D.), Lithuanian (1345 - 1446), and ends with remarks about errors in dictionaries. The book describes the order in which chronicles were copied and therefore contains solutions to unsolved problems of sequence. The book contains graphs, tables, maps, that clarify explanations, a dictionary with almost 2200 entries and an Indices of Names, Tribes, Geographical Places, in which the Author provided extended information about the people, tribes, and places.

Download or read book How the Gospels Became History written by M. David Litwa and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-06 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compelling comparison of the gospels and Greco-Roman mythology which shows that the gospels were not perceived as myths, but as historical records Did the early Christians believe their myths? Like most ancient--and modern--people, early Christians made efforts to present their myths in the most believable ways. In this eye-opening work, M. David Litwa explores how and why what later became the four canonical gospels take on a historical cast that remains vitally important for many Christians today. Offering an in-depth comparison with other Greco-Roman stories that have been shaped to seem like history, Litwa shows how the evangelists responded to the pressures of Greco-Roman literary culture by using well-known historiographical tropes such as the mention of famous rulers and kings, geographical notices, the introduction of eyewitnesses, vivid presentation, alternative reports, and so on. In this way, the evangelists deliberately shaped myths about Jesus into historical discourse to maximize their believability for ancient audiences.

Download or read book The Evil Creator written by M. David Litwa and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-18 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the origins of the evil creator idea chiefly in light of early Christian biblical interpretations. It is divided into two parts. In Part I, the focus is on the interpretations of Exodus and John. Firstly, ancient Egyptian assimilation of the Jewish god to the evil deity Seth-Typhon is studied to understand its reapplication by Phibionite and Sethian Christians to the Judeo-catholic creator. Secondly, the Christian reception of John 8:44 (understood to refer to the devil's father) is shown to implicate the Judeo-catholic creator in murdering Christ. Part II focuses on Marcionite Christian biblical interpretations. It begins with Marcionite interpretations of the creator's character in the Christian "Old Testament," analyzes 2 Corinthians 4:4 (in which "the god of this world" blinds people from Christ's glory), examines Christ's so-called destruction of the Law (Eph 2:15) and the Lawgiver, and shows how Christ finally succumbs to the "curse of the Law" inflicted by the creator (Gal 3:13). A concluding chapter shows how still today readers of the Christian Bible have concluded that the creator manifests an evil character.

Download or read book Triadosis written by Eduard Borysov and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-01-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complex nature of Christian communion with a personal God requires a nuanced expression. Since its inception, the early church affirmed God’s unknowable nature and also participation in God through Christ. The church fathers employed the language of theosis in talking about union with God and human transformation in the likeness of God. However, the term theosis or deification is a broad category and requires precise explanation to avoid human dissolution into the divine in the mystical union it attempts to describe. In Triadosis, Eduard Borysov offers a new approach to the conundrum of the imparticipable divine nature and the prospect of personal union between human and the Trinity. Most significantly, he proposes that if God is Trinity, then we are created and restored in the image of the same tri-personal God.

Download or read book Social Preconditions of National Revival in Europe written by Miroslav Hroch and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic work on nationalism, originally published thirty years ago and now reissued with a new preface by the author, provides excellent historical and political background to the profusion of recent nationalist movements in Eastern Europe. Amid all the speculation and theorizing about nationalist currents, Hroch's empirically based study helps counter the impulse toward easy and spectacular generalizations and provides sound footing for an informed approach to the topic.

Download or read book Early Christianity in Alexandria written by M. David Litwa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-12-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Utilizing the Nag Hammadi codices and early Christian writings, this book explores the earliest development of Christianity in Alexandria.

Download or read book Iesus Deus written by M. David Litwa and published by Augsburg Fortress Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does it mean for Jesus to be deified in early Christian literature? Early Christians did not simply assert Jesus divinity; in their literature, they depicted Jesus with the specific and widely recognized traits of Mediterranean deities.Relying on the methods of the history of religions and ranging judiciously across Hellenistic literature, M. David Litwa shows that at each stage in their depiction of Jesus life and ministry, early Christian writings from the beginning relied on categories drawn not from Judaism alone, but on a wide, pan-Mediterranean understanding of deity.

Download or read book Politics and International Law written by Leslie Johns and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-09 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaches how and why states make, break, and uphold international law using accessible explanations and contemporary international issues.

Download or read book Studies on the Origin of Divine and Resurrection Christology written by Andrew Ter Ern Loke and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2023-08-29 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origin and development of divine and resurrection Christologies are among the most important and controversial issues in the study of Christianity. One reason why there is a lack of consensus among scholars—even though they have access to the same historical material—is that different scholars analyze the material differently. Building upon his previous monographs The Origin of Divine Christology (Cambridge University Press, 2017) and Investigating the Resurrection of Jesus Christ (Routledge, 2020), Andrew Loke demonstrates the fallacies of reasoning in the analyses of the works of numerous scholars such as Bart Ehrman, Paula Fredriksen, David Litwa, Richard Carrier, Raphael Lataster, Daniel Kirk, Matthew Larsen, and Dale Allison. Loke defends his proposal that a sizeable group of earliest Christians perceived that Jesus claimed and showed himself to be truly divine and resurrected, and replies to objections to his previous works. He contributes to the discussion on ancient Jewish monotheism, exalted mediator figures, comparison with Greco-Roman literature, Jesus-mythicism, Markan Christology, the historical reliability of the New Testament, as well as the use of philosophical and theological categories and the use of psychological studies on parallel apparitions, cognitive dissonance, mass hysteria, pareidolia, and memory for the study of early Christology.

Download or read book Christosis written by Blackwell and published by Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. This book was released on 2016 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid increasing interaction between Eastern and Western theologians, several recent biblical interpreters have characterized Paul's soteriology as theosis, or deification, harking back to patristic interpretations of Paul. In this book Ben C. Blackwell critically evaluates that interpretation as he explores the anthropological dimension of Paul's soteriology. Blackwell first examines two major Greek patristic interpreters of Paul -- Irenaeus and Cyril of Alexandria -- to clarify what deification entails and to determine which Pauline texts they used to support their soteriological constructions. The book then focuses on Paul's soteriology expressed in Romans 8 and 2 Corinthians 3-5 (with excursuses on other passages) and explores how believers embody Christ's death and life, his suffering and glory, through the Spirit. Blackwell concludes by comparing the patristic view of deification with Paul's soteriology arising from the biblical texts, noting both substantial overlap and key differences.

Download or read book Patterns of Deification in the Acts of the Apostles written by Daniel B. Glover and published by Mohr Siebeck. This book was released on 2022-10-11 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book We Are Being Transformed written by M. David Litwa and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can Pauline soteriology be categorized as a form of deification? This book attempts to answer this question by keen attention to the Greco-Roman world. It provides the first full-scale history of research on the topic. It is also the first work to fully treat the basic historical questions relating to deification. Namely, what is deity in the Greco-Roman world? What are the types of deification in the Greco-Roman world? Are there Jewish antecedents to deification? Does Paul consider Christ to be a divine being? If so, according to what logic? How is Pauline deification possible in light of ancient Jewish "monotheism"? How is deification possible with a strong notion of creation? Although a rigorously historical study, no attempt is made to avoid theological issues in their historical context. Deification, it is argued, provides a new historical category of perception with which to deepen our knowledge of the Apostle's religious thought in its own time. This book is intended for an academic audience. The range of topics discussed here should interest a wide-array of scholars in the fields of Hebrew Bible, New Testament, Classics, and Patristics.

Download or read book Scott s Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue written by Scott Publications, Inc and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 3096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Posthuman Transformation in Ancient Mediterranean Thought written by M. David Litwa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-07 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is not just a desire but a profound human need for enhancement - the irrepressible yearning to become better than ourselves. Today, enhancement is often conceived of in terms of biotechnical intervention: genetic modification, prostheses, implants, drug therapy - even mind uploading. The theme of this book is an ancient form of enhancement: a physical upgrade that involves ethical practices of self-realization. It has been called 'angelification' - a transformation by which people become angels. The parallel process is 'daimonification', or becoming daimones. Ranging in time from Hesiod and Empedocles through Plato and Origen to Plotinus and Christian gnostics, this book explores not only how these two forms of posthuman transformation are related, but also how they connect and chasten modern visions of transhumanist enhancement which generally lack a robust account of moral improvement.

Download or read book Themelios Volume 38 Issue 2 written by D. A. Carson and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2015-01-13 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Themelios is an international, evangelical, peer-reviewed theological journal that expounds and defends the historic Christian faith. Themelios is published three times a year online at The Gospel Coalition (http://thegospelcoalition.org/themelios/) and in print by Wipf and Stock. Its primary audience is theological students and pastors, though scholars read it as well. Themelios began in 1975 and was operated by RTSF/UCCF in the UK, and it became a digital journal operated by The Gospel Coalition in 2008. The editorial team draws participants from across the globe as editors, essayists, and reviewers. General Editor: D. A. Carson, Trinity Evangelical Divinity School Managing Editor: Brian Tabb, Bethlehem College and Seminary Consulting Editor: Michael J. Ovey, Oak Hill Theological College Administrator: Andrew David Naselli, Bethlehem College and Seminary Book Review Editors: Jerry Hwang, Singapore Bible College; Alan Thompson, Sydney Missionary & Bible College; Nathan A. Finn, Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary; Hans Madueme, Covenant College; Dane Ortlund, Crossway; Jason Sexton, Golden Gate Baptist Seminary Editorial Board: Gerald Bray, Beeson Divinity School Lee Gatiss, Wales Evangelical School of Theology Paul Helseth, University of Northwestern, St. Paul Paul House, Beeson Divinity School Ken Magnuson, The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary Jonathan Pennington, The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary James Robson, Wycliffe Hall Mark D. Thompson, Moore Theological College Paul Williamson, Moore Theological College Stephen Witmer, Pepperell Christian Fellowship Robert Yarbrough, Covenant Seminary

Download or read book Investigating the Resurrection of Jesus Christ written by Andrew Loke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an original and comprehensive assessment of the hypotheses concerning the origin of resurrection Christology. It fills a gap in the literature by addressing these issues using a transdisciplinary approach involving historical-critical study of the New Testament, theology, analytic philosophy, psychology and comparative religion. Using a novel analytic framework, this book demonstrates that a logically exhaustive list of hypotheses concerning the claims of Jesus’ post-mortem appearances and the outcome of Jesus’ body can be formulated. It addresses these hypotheses in detail, including sophisticated combinations of hallucination hypothesis with cognitive dissonance; memory distortion; and confirmation bias. Addressing writings from both within and outside of Christianity, it also demonstrates how a comparative religion approach might further illuminate the origins of Christianity. This is a thorough study of arguably the key event in the formation of the Christian faith. As such, it will be of keen interest to theologians, New Testament scholars, philosophers, and scholars of religious studies.

Download or read book A Grammar of Neo Aramaic written by Geoffrey Khan and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1999 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Being direct descendants of the Aramaic spoken by the Jews in antiquity, the still spoken Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialects of Kurdistan deserve special and vivid interest. Geoffrey Khan s "A Grammar of Neo-Aramaic" is a unique record of one of these dialects, now on the verge of extinction. The transcribed texts in this volume record folktales and accounts of customs, traditions and experiences of the Jews of Kurdistan.