Download or read book Biological and Medical Research in Space written by David Moore and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life Science studies in space were initially driven by the need to explore how man could survive spaceflight conditions; the effects of being launched un der high accelerations, exposed to weightlessness and radiation for different periods of time, and returned to Earth in safety. In order to substantiate the detailed knowledge of potentially adverse effects, many model experiments were launched using organisms which ranged from bacteria, plants, inverte brates, rodents and primates through to man. Although no immediate life threatening effects were found, these experiments can be considered today as the precursors to life science research in space. Many unexplained effects on these life forms were attributed to the condition of weightlessness. Most of them were poorly recorded, poorly published, or left simply with anecdotal information. Only with the advent of Skylab, and later Spacelab, did the idea emerge, and indeed the infrastructure permit, weightlessness to be considered as an ex tended tool for research into some fundamental mechanisms or processes as sociated with the effect of gravity on organisms at all levels. The initial hy pothesis to extrapolate from hypergravity through 1 x g to near 0 x g effects could no longer be retained, since many of the experiment results were seen to contradict the models or theories in the current textbooks of biology and physiology. The past decade has been dedicated primarily to exploratory research.
Download or read book Breakthroughs in Space Life Science Research written by Günter Ruyters and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-10 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This last volume of the SpringerBriefs in Space Life Sciences series is setup in 5 main parts. The 1st part shortly summarizes the history of life science research in space from the late 40s until today with focus on Europe and Germany, followed by a part on describing flight opportunities including the Space Shuttle/Spacelab system and the International Space Station ISS; in the 3rd part it focuses on extraordinary success stories of this constantly challenging research program and highlights some important key findings in space life science research. The book introduces in the 4th part innovative developments in non-invasive biomedical diagnostics and training methods for astronauts that emerge from this program and are of benefit for people on Earth especially in the aging society. Last but not least in its 5th part it closes with an outlook on the future of space life sciences in the upcoming era of space exploration. The book is intended for students and research scientists in the life sciences and biomedicine as well as for interested lay persons, who wish to get an overview of space life science research: its ́ early days, current status and future directions.
Download or read book Life in Space written by Maura Phillips Mackowski and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2022-05-24 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A little-known yet critical part of NASA history Life in Space explores the many aspects and outcomes of NASA’s research in life sciences, a little-understood endeavor that has often been overlooked in histories of the space agency. Maura Mackowski details NASA’s work in this field from spectacular promises made during the Reagan era to the major new directions set by George W. Bush’s Vision for Space Exploration in the early twenty-first century. At the first flight of NASA’s space shuttle in 1981, hopes ran high for the shuttle program to achieve its potential of regularly transporting humans, cargo, and scientific experiments between Earth and the International Space Station. Mackowski describes different programs, projects, and policies initiated across NASA centers and headquarters in the following decades to advance research into human safety and habitation, plant and animal biology, and commercial biomaterials. Mackowski illuminates these ventures in fascinating detail by drawing on rare archival sources, oral histories, interviews, and site visits. While highlighting significant achievements and innovations such as space radiation research and the Neurolab Spacelab Mission, Mackowski reveals frustrations—lost opportunities, stagnation, and dead ends—stemming from frequent changes in presidential administrations and policies. For today’s dreams of lunar outposts or long-term spaceflight to become reality, Mackowski argues, a robust program in space life sciences is essential, and the history in this book offers lessons to help prevent leaving more expectations unfulfilled.
Download or read book Life and Physical Sciences Research for a New Era of Space Exploration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-23 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to requests from Congress, NASA asked the National Research Council to undertake a decadal survey of life and physical sciences in microgravity. Developed in consultation with members of the life and physical sciences communities, the guiding principle for the study is to set an agenda for research for the next decade that will allow the use of the space environment to solve complex problems in life and physical sciences so as to deliver both new knowledge and practical benefits for humankind as we become a spacefaring people. The project's statement of task calls for delivery of two books-an interim report and a final survey report. Although the development of specific recommendations is deferred until the final book, this interim report does attempt to identify programmatic needs and issues to guide near-term decisions that are critical to strengthening the organization and management of life and physical sciences research at NASA.
Download or read book Life Science in Space Experiments on Board the SJ 10 Recoverable Satellite written by Enkui Duan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-11 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the life science experiments in a space microgravity environment conducted on board the SJ-10 recoverable satellite, which was launched on April 6th 2016 and recovered on April 18th 2016. It covers 10 scientific projects in radiation biology, gravitational biology and biotechnology that were selected from ~100 proposals from various institutions in China and around the world. Primarily exploring the rhythm of life in a space microgravity environment, all of the experiments – conducted on nine payloads of the SJ-10 satellite – have never been previously conducted in the respective fields. In addition, the book provides extensive information on the mission’s execution, data collection, and scientific outcomes.
Download or read book Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-30 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than four decades have passed since a human first set foot on the Moon. Great strides have been made in our understanding of what is required to support an enduring human presence in space, as evidenced by progressively more advanced orbiting human outposts, culminating in the current International Space Station (ISS). However, of the more than 500 humans who have so far ventured into space, most have gone only as far as near-Earth orbit, and none have traveled beyond the orbit of the Moon. Achieving humans' further progress into the solar system had proved far more difficult than imagined in the heady days of the Apollo missions, but the potential rewards remain substantial. During its more than 50-year history, NASA's success in human space exploration has depended on the agency's ability to effectively address a wide range of biomedical, engineering, physical science, and related obstacles-an achievement made possible by NASA's strong and productive commitments to life and physical sciences research for human space exploration, and by its use of human space exploration infrastructures for scientific discovery. The Committee for the Decadal Survey of Biological and Physical Sciences acknowledges the many achievements of NASA, which are all the more remarkable given budgetary challenges and changing directions within the agency. In the past decade, however, a consequence of those challenges has been a life and physical sciences research program that was dramatically reduced in both scale and scope, with the result that the agency is poorly positioned to take full advantage of the scientific opportunities offered by the now fully equipped and staffed ISS laboratory, or to effectively pursue the scientific research needed to support the development of advanced human exploration capabilities. Although its review has left it deeply concerned about the current state of NASA's life and physical sciences research, the Committee for the Decadal Survey on Biological and Physical Sciences in Space is nevertheless convinced that a focused science and engineering program can achieve successes that will bring the space community, the U.S. public, and policymakers to an understanding that we are ready for the next significant phase of human space exploration. The goal of this report is to lay out steps and develop a forward-looking portfolio of research that will provide the basis for recapturing the excitement and value of human spaceflight-thereby enabling the U.S. space program to deliver on new exploration initiatives that serve the nation, excite the public, and place the United States again at the forefront of space exploration for the global good.
Download or read book Physical Science Under Microgravity Experiments on Board the SJ 10 Recoverable Satellite written by Wenrui Hu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-16 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the physical science experiments in a space microgravity environment conducted on board the SJ-10 recoverable satellite, which was launched on April 6th, 2016 and recovered on April 18th, 2016. The experiments described were selected from ~100 proposals from various institutions in China and around the world, and have never previously been conducted in the respective fields. They involve fluid physics and materials science, and primarily investigate the kinetic properties of matter in a space microgravity environment. The book provides a comprehensive review of these experiments, as well as the mission’s execution, data collection, and scientific outcomes.
Download or read book Future Biotechnology Research on the International Space Station written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-05-14 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under current NASA plans, investigations in the area of biotechnology will be a significant component of the life sciences research to be conducted on the International Space Station (ISS). They encompass work on cell science and studies of the use of microgravity to grow high-quality protein crystals. Both these subdisciplines are advancing rapidly in terrestrial laboratories, fueled by federal and industrial research budgets that dwarf those of NASA's life science program. Forging strong and fruitful connections between the space investigations and laboratory-bench biologists, a continual challenge for NASA' s life sciences program, is thus of great importance to ensuring the excellence of ISS research. This report evaluates the plan for NASA's biotechnology facility on the ISS and the scientific context that surrounds it, and makes recommendations on how the facility can be made more effective. In addition to questions about optimizing the instrumentation, the report addresses strategies for enhancing the scientific impact and improving the outreach to mainstream terrestrial biology. No major redirection of effort is called for, but collectively the specific, targeted changes recommended by the task group would have a major effect on the conduct of biotechnology research in space.
Download or read book Biological and Medical Research in Space written by David Moore and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Life Sciences Research in Space written by H. Oser and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the European Space Agency's optional programmes is dedicated to the pursuit of microgravity research in space, which is now an established scientific discipline in Europe. The Agency, with the full support of its Member States, is currently in the process of preparing a Long-Term Plan for its future Microgravity Programme, called 'In-Orbit 2000'. The ESA Microgravity Programme consists of two parts, one dedicated to materials and fluid sciences and the other to life sciences. The life-sciences element includes basic research and applications in many areas of biology, botany and physiology, including problems associated with the well-being of astronauts in space. The purpose of this volume, which can be regarded as the sister publication to the volume 'Fluid Sciences and Material Sciences in Space', is twofold. Its first role is to review the scientific results obtained to date in the life sciences using the rather limited low-gravity flight opportunities that have so far been made available. The second is to speculate on the direction that future research and application endeavours may take.
Download or read book Microgravity Combustion written by Howard D. Ross and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-09-03 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to understanding combustion, the burning of a substance that produces heat and often light, in microgravity environments-i.e., environments with very low gravity such as outer space. Readers are presented with a compilation of worldwide findings from fifteen years of research and experimental tests in various low-gravity environments, including drop towers, aircraft, and space.Microgravity Combustion is unique in that no other book reviews low- gravity combustion research in such a comprehensive manner. It provides an excellent introduction for those researching in the fields of combustion, aerospace, and fluid and thermal sciences. * An introduction to the progress made in understanding combustion in a microgravity environment* Experimental, theoretical and computational findings of current combustion research* Tutorial concepts, such as scaling analysis* Worldwide microgravity research findings
Download or read book Assessment of Directions in Microgravity and Physical Sciences Research at NASA written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-07-11 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For thirty years the NASA microgravity program has used space as a tool to study fundamental flow phenomena that are important to fields ranging from combustion science to biotechnology. This book assesses the past impact and current status of microgravity research programs in combustion, fluid dynamics, fundamental physics, and materials science and gives recommendations for promising topics of future research in each discipline. Guidance is given for setting priorities across disciplines by assessing each recommended topic in terms of the probability of its success and the magnitude of its potential impact on scientific knowledge and understanding; terrestrial applications and industry technology needs; and NASA technology needs. At NASA's request, the book also contains an examination of emerging research fields such as nanotechnology and biophysics, and makes recommendations regarding topics that might be suitable for integration into NASA's microgravity program.
Download or read book Life Sciences written by D. Montufar-Solis and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1998-06 with total page 1450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research in Microgravity in Physical and Life Sciences written by Vladimir Pletser and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microgravity is the state encountered in a vehicle in free fall, whether on Earth, in low Earth orbit or in deep space. Microgravity research has opened up new possibilities for investigations in physical and life sciences that are necessary to enhance our knowledge of how physical systems and the human body, from cells to whole body systems, perform, react and function in microgravity, which will help prepare for the human exploration of outer space. This chapter presents an introduction of the microgravity environment, which can be obtained using different microgravity platforms, including space missions. Simulation of microgravity effects is also used for research and presented here. The chapter further considers the effects of microgravity on several aspects related to the physical sciences and on the adaptation of the human body to this altered gravity environment.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Space Life Sciences written by Susanne Elaine Churchill and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Space Life Sciences is the first comprehensive teaching text to be published in the space life sciences. Designed primarily to support coursework at the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels, this two-volume set is also a state-of-the-art reference text for those desiring a broad overview of the space environment, response of living systems to spaceflight, psychosocial issues of spaceflight, and life support systems.
Download or read book Exploring the Living Universe written by United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Life Sciences Strategic Planning Study Committee and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation of Space Experiments written by Vladimir Pletser and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how researchers design, prepare, develop, test and fly their science experiments on microgravity platforms before sending them to space. All preparation phases are explained and presented, including aircraft parabolic flights as part of spaceflight preparation. Twenty international authors, all experts in their own microgravity research field, contribute to chapters describing their experience to prepare experiments before space flights. Fields covered are Physical Sciences and Life Sciences. Physical Sciences covers fluid physics (vibration effects on diffusion; red blood cell dynamics; cavitation in microgravity; capillary driven flows) and material sciences (electromagnetic levitator onboard International Space Station). Life Sciences includes human physiology (sampling earlobe blood; human cardiovascular experiments; tumours in space) and neurophysiology (dexterous manipulation of objects in weightlessness).
