Download or read book Lichen Derived Products written by Mohd Yusuf and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to provide reference material that includes current developments along with a future outlook on the topic. It is divided into two sections; "Morphological Overview and Extraction Prospects" and "Trends and Applications". Part I contains four chapters that provide an overview and systematically discuss the physical morphology, suitability and extraction aspects of lichens and their secondary metabolites. Part II includes eight chapters that give in-depth insights on recent and valuable applications of lichen and their obtained products in several applied sectors, including ethnopharmacology, therapeutics, paper and dye, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, herbal industries, etc.
Download or read book Lichen Secondary Metabolites written by Branislav Ranković and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book discusses in detail the nature and bioactive properties of lichen secondary metabolites. Their therapeutic potential ranges from antibiotic to antioxidant and from anticarcinogenic to antiviral activity. It further discusses their use in traditional medicine and highlights possible future directions in the study of their pharmaceutical potential.
Download or read book Chemical and Botanical Guide to Lichen Products written by Chicita F. Culberson and published by . This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical and Botanical Guide to Lichen Products:
Download or read book Studies in Natural Products Chemistry written by Elfie Stocker-Wörgötter and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lichens are fascinating symbiotic organisms, biosynthesizing a broad spectrum of interesting secondary metabolites and polysaccharides. A considerable number of them have been found to exert biological activities, such as antibiotic, antimycobacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antiproliferative, and cytotoxic effects. Only a very low percentage of “lichen substances” have been actually screened for their biological activities and their potential therapeutic applications in medicine. This is due to difficulties to obtain large quantities of lichens from nature, isolated lichen fungi and algae from cultures for extractions. Ten years ago, we have started to bypass these problems by introducing first traditional and then by exploring novel microbiological techniques and advanced molecular tools for our culture experiments. “Case studies” with selected cultured mycobionts and photobionts, accumulating considerable quantities of a focused compound, have been performed as tests for large-scale culturing, to be able to utilize facilities like phytotrons and bioreactors (small-scale bioreactors) for future approaches. Further studies have focused on the chemical identification of the metabolites from cultures and the genetic characterization of lichen PKS genes (Polyketide synthase genes). Another interesting group of lichen metabolites is cell wall polysaccharides. All lichen species investigated so far produce these polymers in considerable amounts and many of them have been shown to exhibit antitumor, immunostimulating, antiviral as well as other types of biological activity. Lichens polysaccharides are mainly of the following structural types: α-glucans (isolichenan, nigeran, pseudonigeran, and pullulan), β-glucans (lichenan, pustulan, laminaran, and lentinan-type glucan), galactomannans, and complex heteroglycans (galactoglucomannan, galactomannoglucan, rhamnopyranosylgalactofuranan, and glucomannan). Investigations on lichen polysaccharides were carried out using material extracted from the entire thallus with no mention of the origin of component polymers (fungal partner or photobiont). In order to understand the contribution of the symbiotic partners to the polysaccharide present in the lichen thallus, the carbohydrates produced by some aposymbiotically cultured mycobionts and photobionts (Trebouxia, Asterochloris, and Coccomyxa) were analyzed. The studies demonstrated that most of the polysaccharides previously found in the symbiotic thalli were also produced by the aposymbiotically cultivated fungal partner, while there were no similarities between the polysaccharides extracted from the photobiont with those from the respective lichen. Surprisingly, the photobionts synthesized very interesting polysaccharides, such as β-galactofuranan, mannogalactofuranan, rhamnopyranosylgalactofuranan, and an O-methylated mannogalactan. One of them was biologically active, having in vitro activity on murine peritoneal macrophages.
Download or read book The Lichens written by Vernon Ahmadijian and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lichens covers the structure and development, physiology of the intact thallus, environmental response and effects, secondary metabolic products, and symbiont interactions of lichens. This book is divided into five parts encompassing 19 chapters. It also includes appendices consist of a taxonomic scheme, methods for isolating and culturing lichen symbionts and thalli, and methods for isolating and identifying lichen substances. The first part of this book describes the original fungal cell and its development into specialized cells of which the various tissues and thalli are composed. This is followed by discussions on sexual reproduction of ascolichens and basidiolichens and on systematic criteria for the definition of taxa in different hierarchical steps. This book also explains the types of propagules produced by lichens and the submicroscopical investigations of lichens, including phycobiont and mycobionts' substructure and symbiotic relationship. The second part of this book examines the physiological aspects of lichens. It includes discussions on metal cation uptake and translocation in vascular plants and on lichens' role in rock weathering and soil formation. This part also studies photosynthetic rates and nitrogen absorption and metabolism by the intact thallus of lichens. Succeeding chapters discuss physiological and morphological responses of lichens to the most important environmental factors and the relationship of these factors to lichen distribution. Substrate preferences of lichens and their causes and implications with regard to the ecology, distribution, and taxonomy of lichens are also examined. This text also discusses lichen thalli growth, methods of measurement, and factors influencing growth. Finally, the concluding parts deal with the biosynthesis of lichen substances, secondary metabolic products, and symbiotic relations of lichens to fungi and algae. This multi-authored book is an ideal source of information for researchers, teachers, and students who wish to broaden their knowledge in the diversity of lichenology.
Download or read book Chemical and Botanical Guide to Lichen Products written by Chicita F. Culberson and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification of Lichen Substances written by Siegfried Huneck and published by Springer. This book was released on 1996-08 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an indispensable tool for the isolation, identification and structural analysis of the approx. 700 substances currently known to occur in lichens. The first part covers all necessary methods for the analysis of lichen metabolites; the second part gives the analytical and spectroscopical data of all known lichen substances as well as a key to their identification and differentiation. Besides its high value for all chemists working with these substances as a basis for other products, the book serves as a chemotaxonomical key to the identification of lichen species and as a reference for all those who use lichens for the biomonitoring of environmental pollution.
Download or read book Lichen Dyes written by Karen Diadick Casselman and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noted textile designer and lichen expert explains how to create and use dyes derived from lichens. Text covers history of the use of lichen pigments, safe dyeing methods, ecologically sound dyeing, and use of mordants, lichen identification, and more. Text also offers a fascinating history of Asian and European lichen pigments, Scottish, Irish, and Scandinavian domestic lichen dyes, and others.
Download or read book Co Evolution of Secondary Metabolites written by Jean-Michel Mérillon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-02-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Reference Work is devoted to plant secondary metabolites and their evolutionary adaptation to different hosts and pests. Secondary metabolites play an important biological role in plants’ defence against herbivores, abiotic stresses and pathogens, and they also attract beneficial organisms such as pollinators. In this work, readers will find a comprehensive review of the phytochemical diversity, modification and adaptation of secondary metabolites, and the consequences of their co-evolution with plant parasites, pollinators, and herbivores. Chapters from expert contributors are organised into twelve sections that collate the current knowledge in intra-/inter-specific diversity in plant secondary metabolites, changes in secondary metabolites during plants’ adaptation to different environmental conditions, and co-evolution of host-parasite metabolites. Among the twelve themed parts, readers will also discover expert analysis on the genetics and chemical ecology evolution of secondary metabolites, and particular attention is also given to allelochemicals, bioactive molecules in plant defence and the evolution of sensory perception in vertebrates. This reference work will appeal to students, researchers and professionals interested in the field of plant pathology, plant breeding, biotechnology, agriculture and phytochemistry.
Download or read book Protocols in Lichenology written by Ilse Kranner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As an intricate association between a fungus and one or more green algae or cyanobacteria, lichens are one of the most successful examples of symbiosis. These fascinating organisms survive extreme desiccation and temperatures. They are adapted to a great variety of habitats, from deserts to intertidal zones, from tropical rain forests to the peaks of the Himalayas and to circumpolar ecosystems. Lichens are extremely efficient accumulators of atmospherically deposited pollutants, and are therefore widely used to monitor environmental pollution. Their wide range of secondary products show pharmaceutically interesting fungicidal, antibacterial and antiviral properties. Lichens are extremely difficult to culture. This manual provides well-tested tissue culture protocols, protocols for studying lichen ultrastructure, (eco)physiology, primary and secondary compounds, and for using lichens as bioindicators.
Download or read book Advances in Polyurethane Biomaterials written by Stuart L. Cooper and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-01-23 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Polyurethane Biomaterials brings together a thorough review of advances in the properties and applications of polyurethanes for biomedical applications. The first set of chapters in the book provides an important overview of the fundamentals of this material with chapters on properties and processing methods for polyurethane. Further sections cover significant uses such as their tissue engineering and vascular and drug delivery applications Written by an international team of leading authors, the book is a comprehensive and essential reference on this important biomaterial. Brings together in-depth coverage of an important material, essential for many advanced biomedical applications Connects the fundamentals of polyurethanes with state-of-the-art analysis of significant new applications, including tissue engineering and drug delivery Written by a team of highly knowledgeable authors with a range of professional and academic experience, overseen by an editor who is a leading expert in the field
Download or read book Studies in Natural Products Chemistry written by Atta-ur- Rahman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural products play an integral and ongoing role in promoting numerous aspects of scientific advancement, and many aspects of basic research programs are intimately related to natural products. With articles written by leading authorities in their respective fields of research, Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Volume 37 presents current frontiers and future guidelines for research based on important discoveries made in the field of bioactive natural products. It is a valuable source for researchers and engineers working in natural products and medicinal chemistry. Describes the chemistry of bioactive natural products Contains contributions by leading authorities in the field A valuable source for researchers and engineers working in natural product and medicinal chemistry
Download or read book The Lichen Symbiosis written by Vernon Ahmadjian and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1993-08-30 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not only an invaluable reference to what is known about lichen bionts and their interactions but also a guide to future studies. Compares various aspects of lichen-forming bionts with those of other fungi, algae and cyanobacteria. Features in-depth descriptions of culture methods. Includes over 1000 references representing a selective sampling in such subjects as air pollution, photosynthesis and respiration.
Download or read book Lichens to Biomonitor the Environment written by Vertika Shukla and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-23 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book embodies the detailed account about unique symbionts i.e. LICHENS in ecosystem monitoring. The first chapter deals with unique characteristics features of lichens which facilitate their survival in extreme climates and makes them an ideal organism for ecosystem monitoring. Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites are known to protect lichens against increasing environmental stresses therefore second chapter provides insight into various chromatographic and modern spectroscopic techniques involved in separation and characterization of lichen substances. The third chapter elaborates the criteria for selection of biomonitoring species and characters of host plant that influences lichen diversity and details about different lichen species utilized for biomonitoring. One can retrieve preliminary information about the air quality based on the lichen community structure and distribution of bioindicator species as lichen communities/indicator species provides valuable information about the natural/anthropogenic induced changes in the microclimate and land-use changes due to human activity. Therefore, for identification of species, a key to genera and species provides concise information to identify the lichen species based on their morphological and anatomical characters and chemicals present. Keys provided in Chapter 4 will help the beginners to identify some common lichen species based on the distribution in different climatic zones of India. The section also provides comprehensive information about the bioindicator communities and bioindicator species from India. Chapter 5 provides the details of factors affecting the ecosystem (natural as well as anthropogenic disturbances) and role of lichens in ecosystem monitoring in India has been discussed in detail. Chapter 6 discusses the need and utility of indicator species especially lichen biomonitoring data in sustainable forest management and conservation. The content about lichens in biomonitoring will be a valuable resource for researchers from different fields and will provide an essential reference for people interested in lichens and its role in ecosystem monitoring. The book will also hopefully popularize lichenological studies in India and will generate more active participation of lichen biomonitoring studies in management and conservation of natural resources in India.
Download or read book The Fungi written by Michael J. Carlile and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2001-01-09 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of The Fungi provides a comprehensive introduction to the importance of fungi in the natural world and in practical applications, from a microbiological perspective.
Download or read book Dyes from Lichens Plants written by Judy Waldner McGrath and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes natural dyes found in the Spence Bay area.
Download or read book The Fungal Pharmacy written by Robert Rogers and published by North Atlantic Books. This book was released on 2012-06-12 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultimate guide to maximizing the healing properties of medicinal mushrooms and lichens—featuring over 300 detailed plant profiles for easy mushroom identification Noted herbalist Robert Rogers introduces readers to more than 300 species of medicinal mushrooms and lichens found in North America. These fungi have the capacity to heal both the body and—through the process of myco-remediation—the planet itself. Throughout the book, he documents their success in optimizing the immune system and treating a wide range of acute and chronic diseases, including cardiovascular, respiratory, and liver problems, blood sugar disorders, cancer, and obesity. The Fungal Pharmacy also outlines the medicinal traits and unique properties of each mushroom or lichen, including: • active chemical components • preparation methods for extracts, essences, essential oils, and more • historical and modern-day usage • cultural, religious, and literary significance, with fun facts on etymology and history • plus, 200 full-color photos and thorough descriptions for easy identification The ultimate guide to identifying and healing with medicinal North American fungi, The Fungal Pharmacy is a valuable resource for mycologists, mushroom hunters, wild-crafters, and anyone interested in natural health care.