Download or read book The B L Phase Transition written by Kai Schmitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several of the very foundations of the cosmological standard model — the baryon asymmetry of the universe, dark matter, and the origin of the hot big bang itself — still call for an explanation from the perspective of fundamental physics. This work advocates one intriguing possibility for a consistent cosmology that fills in the theoretical gaps while being fully in accordance with the observational data. At very high energies, the universe might have been in a false vacuum state that preserved B-L, the difference between the baryon number B and the lepton number L as a local symmetry. In this state, the universe experienced a stage of hybrid inflation that only ended when the false vacuum became unstable and decayed, in the course of a waterfall transition, into a phase with spontaneously broken B-L symmetry. This B-L Phase Transition was accompanied by tachyonic preheating that transferred almost the entire energy of the false vacuum into a gas of B-L Higgs bosons, which in turn decayed into heavy Majorana neutrinos. Eventually, these neutrinos decayed into massless radiation, thereby producing the entropy of the hot big bang, generating the baryon asymmetry of the universe via the leptogenesis mechanism and setting the stage for the production of dark matter. Next to a variety of conceptual novelties and phenomenological predictions, the main achievement of the thesis is hence the fascinating notion that the leading role in the first act of our universe might have actually been played by neutrinos.
Download or read book Dark Matter Neutrinos and Our Solar System written by Nirmala Prakash and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes these issues in terms of links, between cosmology, particle and nuclear physics, as well as between cosmology, atmospheric and terrestrial physics. It studies the constituents of dark matter (classified as hot warm and cold) first in terms of their individual structures, and second, in terms of facilities available to detect these structures. Neutrinos are treated as a separate entity. The last chapter details the real-time stories about the "regions" that were not explored thus far, for lack of advanced technology. Their untold stories (which span up to 2010) are illustrated here datewise in full. The book concludes with the latest news that the Large Hadron Collider team at CERN has finally succeeded in producing 7 trillion electronic Volts of energy by creating head-on-collisions of protons and more protons (in search of God-particle).
Download or read book Electroweak Gauginos with Highly Boosted Hadronically Decaying Bosons at the LHC written by Yuta Okazaki and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supersymmetry (SUSY) introduces superpartners of the Standard Model (SM) particles. If their masses are typically O(100 GeV) ∼ O(TeV), a lightest neutralino can be a candidate for the dark matter, and the problem is solved by canceling the correction of the Higgs boson mass. Further, SUSY can explain the experimental result of the muon magnetic moment (g-2). This book presents a search for electroweakinos—the superpartners of the SM electroweak bosons—such as charginos and neutralinos using data at the LHC collected by the ATLAS detector. Pair-produced electroweakinos decay into the light ones and SM bosons (W/Z/h), and with the large mass difference between the heavy and light electroweakinos, the SM bosons have high momenta. In a fully hadronic final state, quarks decayed from the bosons are collimated, and can consequently be reconstructed as a single large-radius jet. This search has three advantages. The first is a statistical benefit by large branching ratios of the SM bosons. The second is to use characteristic signatures—the mass and substructure—of jets to identify as the SM bosons. The last is a small dependency on the signal model by targeting all the SM bosons. Thanks to them, the sensitivity is significantly improved compared to the previous analyses. Exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on the heavy electroweakino mass parameter are set as a function of the light electroweakino mass parameter. They are set on wino or higgsino production models with various assumptions, such as the branching ratio of their decaying and the type of lightest SUSY particle. These limits are the most stringent limits. Besides, this book provides the most stringent constraints on SUSY scenarios motivated by the dark matter, the muon g-2 anomaly, and the naturalness.
Download or read book Issues in Nuclear High Energy Plasma Particle and Condensed Matter Physics 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Nuclear Physics. The editors have built Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Nuclear Physics in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Identification Of Dark Matter The Proceedings Of The Fifth International Workshop written by Neil J C Spooner and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-05-12 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prestigious Identification of Dark Matter workshop series was initiated to assess the status of work that attempts to identify the constitution of dark matter. In particular, it aims to review the success of current methods that are used in the search for dark matter, as well as the new techniques that are likely to improve prospects for detecting possible dark matter candidates in the future. In the 5th International Workshop, special emphasis was placed on the recent results obtained in experiments searching for baryonic and non-baryonic dark matter. This volume comprises the high-quality review articles and papers contributed by leaders and promising young physicists who attended the conference. It provides the most recent updates on dark matter searches from both experimental and theoretical points of view.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings® (ISTP® / ISI Proceedings)• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings)• CC Proceedings — Engineering & Physical Sciences
Download or read book A New Era of Leptogenesis written by Steve Blanchet and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Particle Dark Matter written by Gianfranco Bertone and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 763 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dark matter is among the most important open problems in modern physics. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, this book describes the theoretical and experimental aspects of the dark matter problem in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. Featuring contributions from 48 leading theorists and experimentalists, it presents many aspects, from astrophysical observations to particle physics candidates, and from the prospects for detection at colliders to direct and indirect searches. The book introduces observational evidence for dark matter along with a detailed discussion of the state-of-the-art of numerical simulations and alternative explanations in terms of modified gravity. It then moves on to the candidates arising from theories beyond the Standard Model of particle physics, and to the prospects for detection at accelerators. It concludes by looking at direct and indirect dark matter searches, and the prospects for detecting the particle nature of dark matter with astrophysical experiments.
Download or read book Particles in the Dark Universe written by Yann Mambrini and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and instructive coverage of particle physics in the early universe, in a logical way. It starts from the thermal history of the universe by investigating some of the main arguments such as Big Bang nucleosynthesis, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the inflation, before treating in details the direct and indirect detection of dark matter and then some aspects of the physics of neutrino. Following, it describes possible candidates for dark matter and its interactions. The book is targeted at theoretical physicists who deal with particle physics in the universe, dark matter detection and astrophysical constraints, and at particle physicists who are interested in models of inflation or reheating. This book offers also material for astrophysicists who work with quantum field theory computations. All that is useful to compute any physical process is included: mathematical tables, all the needed functions for the thermodynamics of early universe and Feynman rules. In light of this, this book acts as a crossroad between astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology.
Download or read book SUSY06 written by Jonathan L. Feng and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2007-05-15 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of Fundamental Interactions, SUSY06, held in Irvine, California, in June 2006. This conference took place just before the start of the Large Hadron Collider, widely anticipated to yield profound new results, and provided a focus for the growing excitement in high energy physics through over 250 plenary and parallel talks.
Download or read book Perspectives On Supersymmetry written by Gordon Kane and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-07-03 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supersymmetry is at an exciting stage of development. It extends the Standard Model of particle physics into a more powerful theory that both explains more and allows more questions to be addressed. Most important, it opens a window for studying and testing fundamental theories at the Planck scale. Experimentally we are finally entering the intensity and energy regions where superpartners are likely to be detected, and then studied. There has been progress in understanding the remarkable physics implications of supersymmetry, including the derivation of the Higgs mechanism, the unification of the Standard Model forces, cosmological connections such as a candidate for the cold dark matter of the universe and the scalar fields that drive inflation and their potential, the relationship to Planck scale theories, and more.While there are a number of reviews and books where the mathematical structure and uses of supersymmetry can be learned, there are few where the particle physics is the main focus. This book fills that gap. It begins with an excellent pedagogical introduction to the physics and methods and formalism of supersymmetry, by S Martin, which is accessible to anyone with a basic knowledge of the Standard Model of particle physics. Next is an overview of open questions by K Dienes and C Kolda, followed by chapters on topics ranging from how to detect superpartners to connections with Planck scale theories, by leading experts.This invaluable book will allow any interested physicist to understand the coming experimental and theoretical progress in supersymmetry, and will also help students and workers to quickly learn new aspects of supersymmetry they want to pursue.
Download or read book Particles Strings and Cosmology written by Kiwoon Choi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-12 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PASCOS is an interdisciplinary symposium on the interface of of Particle physics, String theory and Cosmology. Over the past two decades these three disciplines have increasingly become closer. Historically there was always a strong overlap between particle physics and cosmology. This connection has become even stronger with the realization that some of the fundamental issues in cosmology such as the presence of dark matter and dark energy may possibly find a resolution only via new theories of particle physics. At the same time string theory has begun to play an increasingly important role in particle physics as a possible framework for building unified models of particle interaction including gravity. In recent years we have seen an increasing overlap between cosmology and string theory and currently the area of string cosmology is one of the most active fields of research. PASCOS 2005 aimed to provide coherent discussions of recent developments on the interface of the three disciplines and also on their interconnections. In particular, superstring aspects in low energy particle theory (SUSY) and cosmological applications (moduli stabilization) are extensively covered in this volume. Topics include dark matter and dark energy, baryogenesis, flavor and CP violation, neutrino physics, supersymmetry and extra dimensions, flux compactification, string model building, as well as brane cosmology.
Download or read book Perspectives on Supersymmetry II written by G. L. Kane and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supersymmetry is at an exciting stage of development. It extends the Standard Model of particle physics into a more powerful theory that both explains more and allows more questions to be addressed. Most importantly, it opens a window for studying and testing fundamental theories at the Planck scale. Experimentally we are finally entering the intensity and energy and sensitivity regions where superpartners and supersymmetric dark matter candidates are likely to be detected, and then studied. There has been progress in understanding the remarkable physics implications of supersymmetry, including the derivation of the Higgs mechanism, the unification of the Standard Model forces, cosmological connections such as a candidate for the cold dark matter of the universe and consequences for understanding the cosmological history of the universe, and more. This volume begins with an excellent pedagogical introduction to the physics and methods and formalism of supersymmetry which is accessible to anyone with a basic knowledge of the Standard Model of particle physics.Next is an overview of open questions, followed by chapters on topics such as how to detect superpartners and tools for studying them, the current limits on superpartner masses as we enter the LHC era, the lightest superpartner as a dark matter candidate in thermal and non-thermal cosmological histories, and associated Z'' physics. Most chapters have been extended and updated from the earlier edition and some are new. This superb book will allow interested physicists to understand the coming experimental and theoretical progress in supersymmetry and the implications of discoveries of superpartners, and will also help students and workers to quickly learn new aspects of supersymmetry they want to pursue.
Download or read book Neutrino Physics written by E. Bellotti and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2003-12-08 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrino physics contributed in an fundamental way to the progress of science, opening important windows of knowledge in elementary particle physics, as well in astrophysics and cosmology. Substantial experimental efforts are presently dedicated to improve our knowledge on neutrino properties as, in fact, we don't know yet some of the basic ones. Although very significant steps forward have been done, neutrino masses and mixings still remain largely unknown and constitute an important field for future research. Are neutrinos Majorana or Dirac particles? Have they a magnetic moment? Historically, studies on weak processes and, therefore, on neutrino physics, provided first the Fermi theory of weak interactions and then the V-A theory. Finally, the observation of weak neutral currents provided the first experimental evidence for unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions by the so called "Standard Model' of elementary particles. In addition to the results obtained from the measurement of the solar neutrino flux, the study of atmospheric neutrinos strongly supports the hypothesis of neutrino oscillation among different flavours. At the same time, the detection of neutrinos emitted by our Sun gave an important confirmation that the Sun produces energy via a chain of nuclear reactions; in particular in our Sun a specific cycle - the hydrogen cycle - is responsible for practically all the produced energy.
Download or read book Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter written by Alexander Merle and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2017-05-10 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a new look at one of the hottest topics in contemporary science, Dark Matter. It is the pioneering text dedicated to sterile neutrinos as candidate particles for Dark Matter, challenging some of the standard assumptions which may be true for some Dark Matter candidates but not for all. So, this can be seen either as an introduction to a specialized topic or an out-of-the-box introduction to the field of Dark Matter in general. No matter if you are a theoretical particle physicist, an observational astronomer, or a ground based experimentalist, no matter if you are a grad student or an active researcher, you can benefit from this text, for a simple reason: a non-standard candidate for Dark Matter can teach you a lot about what we truly know about our standard picture of how the Universe works.
Download or read book Supersymmetry Supergravity and Unification written by Pran Nath and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive discussion of developments at the interface of particle physics, supergravity, and cosmology, for graduates and researchers.
Download or read book Physical Foundations of Cosmology written by Viatcheslav Mukhanov and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-11-10 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflationary cosmology has been developed over the last twenty years to remedy serious shortcomings in the standard hot big bang model of the universe. This textbook, first published in 2005, explains the basis of modern cosmology and shows where the theoretical results come from. The book is divided into two parts; the first deals with the homogeneous and isotropic model of the Universe, the second part discusses how inhomogeneities can explain its structure. Established material such as the inflation and quantum cosmological perturbation are presented in great detail, however the reader is brought to the frontiers of current cosmological research by the discussion of more speculative ideas. An ideal textbook for both advanced students of physics and astrophysics, all of the necessary background material is included in every chapter and no prior knowledge of general relativity and quantum field theory is assumed.
Download or read book Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories written by J. Thanh Van Tran and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1988 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
