Download or read book Kratom and Other Mitragynines written by Robert B. Raffa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opioids such as morphine, codeine, and oxycodone are extracts or analogs isolated from a single source: the opium poppy. For a long time, it was believed to be nature’s only source of opioids. But it now appears that biological diversity has evolved an alternative source of opioid compounds—those derived from the plant Mitragyna speciosa. This plant, known as Kratom in Thailand or Biak-Biak in Malaysia, has long been used locally as treatment for pain, fever reduction, diarrhea, and even depression. Kratom and Other Mitragynines: The Chemistry and Pharmacology of Opioids from a Non-Opium Source presents an introduction to the chemical and biological properties of alkaloids isolated from M. speciosa as well as their synthetic analogs. The book covers various topics including phytochemistry, medicinal chemistry, and pharmacology. Current research, analgesic effects, and addiction potential are also discussed. As the first extensive text on the basic science and clinical use of Kratom, the book provides readers with a concise yet comprehensive introduction to nature’s "other opioid."

Download or read book Kratom and Other Mitragynines written by Robert B. Raffa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opioids such as morphine, codeine, and oxycodone are extracts or analogs isolated from a single source: the opium poppy. For a long time, it was believed to be nature's only source of opioids. But it now appears that biological diversity has evolved an alternative source of opioid compounds-those derived from the plant Mitragyna speciosa. This plan

Download or read book Prescriptyion Opioid Analgesic Use Among Adults United States 1999 2012 written by Steven M. Frenk and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Plant Medicines Healing and Psychedelic Science written by Beatriz Caiuby Labate and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-28 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book about the intersections of three dimensions. The first is the way social scientists and historians treat the history of psychiatry and healing, especially as it intersects with psychedelics. The second encompasses a reflection on the substances themselves and their effects on bodies. The third addresses traditional healing, as it circles back to our understanding of drugs and psychiatry. The chapters explore how these dimensions are distinct, but deeply intertwined, themes that offer important insights into contemporary healing practices. The intended audience of the volume is large and diverse: neuroscientists, biologists, medical doctors, psychiatrists, psychologists; mental health professionals interested in the therapeutic application of psychedelic substances, or who work with substance abuse, depression, anxiety, and PTSD; patients and practitioners of complementary and alternative medicine; ethnobotanists and ethnopharmacologists; lawyers, criminologists, and other specialists in international law working on matters related to drug policy and human rights, as well as scholars of religious studies, anthropologists, sociologists, and historians; social scientists concerned both with the history of science, medicine, and technology, and concepts of health, illness, and healing. It has a potentially large international audience, especially considering the increasing interest in “psychedelic science” and the growing spread of the use of traditional psychoactives in the West.

Download or read book Drunk Flies and Stoned Dolphins written by One R. Pagan and published by BenBella Books. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the cup of coffee that jumpstarts the day to dangerously addictive drugs, the recreational use of plants with psychoactive properties has a long history among humans. But, as with many things, it turns out that other animals got there first. From parrots to primates, consuming medicinal chemicals is an instinctive behavior that helps countless organisms fight infection and treat disease. But the similarities don't end there: Like us, many creatures also consume substances that have no apparent benefit . . . except for inducing intoxication. In fact, animals have been using drugs for recreational purposes since prehistoric times. We may even have animals to thank for the idea—legend says that coffee was discovered by observing the behavior of goats that had eaten it. In his previous book, Strange Survivors, author and biologist Oné R. Pagán introduced readers to some of the truly bizarre strategies animals use to survive in the cutthroat world of natural selection. Now, in Drunk Flies and Stoned Dolphins, he sheds light on the surprising cravings they indulge when it's time to unwind. In this book, you'll get an eye-opening glimpse into the mind-altering behavior of the non-human members of the animal kingdom, spanning insects to elephants—including the dolphin species that apparently likes to pass around an intoxicating pufferfish as if they were sharing a joint. Combining fascinating science with humor and enthusiasm, Pagán's latest is full of the kind of unforgettable stories and odd facts that you'll find yourself repeating to everyone you meet. From fruit fly happy hour to the evolutionary reasons behind nature's drugs, Drunk Flies and Stoned Dolphins takes you on a trip through the colorful world of animal intoxication—and along the way, explores what this science reveals about the surprising connections between all the world's creatures.

Download or read book Strange Survivors written by One R. Pagan and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life is beautiful, ruthless, and very, very strange. In the evolutionary arms race that has raged on since life began, organisms have developed an endless variety of survival strategies. From sharp claws to brute strength, camouflage to venom—all these tools and abilities share one purpose: to keep their bearer alive long enough to reproduce, helping the species avoid extinction. Every living thing on this planet has developed a time-tested arsenal of weapons and defenses. Some of these weapons and defenses, however, are decidedly more unusual than others. In Strange Survivors, biologist Oné R. Pagán takes us on a tour of the improbable, the ingenious, and the just plain bizarre ways that creatures fight for life. Inside this funny, fascinating field guide to nature’s most colorful characters, you’ll meet killer snails, social bacteria, and an animal with toxic elbows. But Strange Survivors is more than a collection of curiosities—it is a love letter to science and an argument for the continuing relevance of this evolutionary battle as we face the threat of resistant bacteria and the need for novel medical therapies. Whether discussing blood-thinning bats and electric fish or pondering the power of cooperation, Pagán reveals the surprising lessons found in some of life’s natural oddities and how the tactics they employ to live might aid our own survival.

Download or read book Novel Psychoactive Substances written by Paul I. Dargan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-08-06 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel Psychoactive Substances: Classification, Pharmacology and Toxicology provides readers with background on the classification, detection, supply and availability of novel psychoactive substances, otherwise known as "legal highs." This book also covers individual classes of novel psychoactive substances that have recently emerged onto the recreational drug scene and provides an overview of the pharmacology of the substance followed by a discussion of the acute and chronic harm or toxicity associated with the substance. Written by international experts in the field, this multi-authored book is a valuable reference for scientists, clinicians, academics, and regulatory and law enforcement professionals. Includes chapters written by international experts in the field. Provides a comprehensive look at the classification, detection, availability and supply of novel psychoactive substances, in addition to the pharmacology and toxicology associated with the substance. Offers a single source for all interested parties working in this area, including scientists, academics, clinicians, law enforcement and regulatory agencies. Provides a full treatment of novel psychoactive substances that have recently emerged onto the recreational drug scene including mephedrone and the synthetic cannabinoid receptors in ‘spice’ / ‘K2’.

Download or read book Biological Potential and Medical Use of Secondary Metabolites written by Ana M. L Seca and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many macro and micro species, from terrestrial and aquatic environments, produce structurally unique compounds and, in many countries, still are the primary sources of medicines. In fact, secondary metabolites are an important source of chemotherapeutic agents but are also lead compounds for synthetic modification and the optimization of biological activity. Therefore, the exploitation of secondary metabolites, or their inspired synthetic compounds, offers excellent opportunities for the pharmaceutical industry. This Medicines Special Issue focuses on the great potential of secondary metabolites for therapeutic application. The Special Issue contains 16 articles reporting relevant experimental results, and an overview of bioactive secondary metabolites, their biological effects, and new methodologies that improve and accelerate the process of obtained lead compounds with regard to new drug development. We would like to thank all 83 authors, from all over the world, for their valuable contributions to this Special Issue.

Download or read book The Alkaloids written by R. H. Manske and published by . This book was released on 1965-08-01 with total page 861 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Drug and Behavioral Addictions During Social Distancing for the COVID 19 Pandemic written by Giuseppe Bersani and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-21 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2022-03-15 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alkaloids written by Margaret F. Roberts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not since the late 1970s has a single work presented the biology of this heterogenous group of secondary alkaloids in such depth. Alkaloids, a unique treatise featuring leaders in the field, presents both the historical use of alkaloids and the latest discoveries in the biochemistry of alkaloid production in plants alkaloid ecology, including marine invertebrates, animal and plant parasites, and alkaloids as antimicrobial and current medicinal use . Highlights include chapters on the chemical ecology of alkaloids in host-predator interactions, and on the compartmentation of alkaloids synthesis, transport, and storage. Extensive cross-referencing in tabular format makes this volume an excellent reference.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Pain written by G.F. Gebhart and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Pain includes more than 3,000 entries and provides clear, detailed and up-to-date coverage of the current state of research, and treatment of pain. In addition, detailed essays provide in-depth information on all aspects of nociception and pain, including substrates, causes, pathophysiology, symptoms and signs, diagnoses and treatment. A thousand color figures enhance understanding of this too-little-understood topic. The book is available in print, in online only form, or in a print-online bundle.

Download or read book Ketum written by Mohammad Fariss Iman Leong Abdullah, Mohd Afifuddin Mohamad, Tan Mei Lan, Nor Aini Saidin, Noor Naemah Abdul Rahman and published by Penerbit USM. This book was released on 2021-01-01 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ketum merupakan ubat herba tradisional yang telah lama digunakan di Malaysia dan negara jiran, Thailand untuk merawat pelbagai penyakit. Namun, penyalahgunaan ketum untuk tujuan rekreasi semakin berleluasa di Malaysia dan semakin serius. Memandangkan ketum juga berpotensi untuk dijadikan ubat bagi perubatan moden, maka manfaatnya perlu dipertimbangkan sewajarnya di sebalik kemudaratan yang dibawa. Sehingga kini, karya yang membincangkan isu ini masih kekurangan bukan sahaja di Malaysia, tetapi juga di seluruh dunia.

Download or read book Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants written by Bharat Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers the structurally diverse secondary metabolites of medicinal plants, including their ethnopharmacological properties, biological activity, and production strategies Secondary metabolites of plants are a treasure trove of novel compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications. Consequently, the nature of these metabolites as well as strategies for the targeted expression and/or purification is of high interest. Regarding their biological and pharmacological activity and ethnopharmacological properties, this book offers a comprehensive treatment of 100 plant species, including Abutilon, Aloe, Cannabis, Capsicum, Jasminum, Malva, Phyllanthus, Stellaria, Thymus, Vitis, Zingiber, and more. It also discusses the cell culture conditions and various strategies used for enhancing the production of targeted metabolites in plant cell cultures. Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants: Ethnopharmacological Properties, Biological Activity and Production Strategies is presented in four parts. Part I provides a complete introduction to the subject. Part II looks at the ethnomedicinal and pharmacological properties, chemical structures, and culture conditions of secondary metabolites. The third part examines the many strategies of secondary metabolites production, including: biotransformation; culture conditions; feeding of precursors; genetic transformation; immobilization; and oxygenation. The last section concludes with an overview of everything learned. -Provides information on cell culture conditions and targeted extraction of secondary metabolites confirmed by relevant literature -Presents the structures of secondary metabolites of 100 plant species together with their biological and pharmacological activity -Discusses plant species regarding their distribution, habitat, and ethnopharmacalogical properties -Presents strategies of secondary metabolites production, such as organ culture, pH, elicitation, hairy root cultures, light, and mutagenesis Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants is an important book for students, professionals, and biotechnologists interested in the biological and pharmacological activity and ethnopharmacological properties of plants.

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Botany written by Heber Wilkinson Youngken and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies in Natural Products Chemistry written by Atta-ur Rahman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-04-16 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Volume 69 covers the synthesis, testing and recording of the medicinal properties of natural products, providing cutting-edge accounts of fascinating developments in the isolation, structure elucidation, synthesis, biosynthesis and pharmacology of a diverse array of bioactive natural products. Natural products in the plant and animal kingdom offer a huge diversity of chemical structures that are the result of biosynthetic processes. With rapid developments in spectroscopic techniques and accompanying advances in high-throughput screening techniques, it has become possible to rapidly isolate and determine the structures and biological activity of natural products, thus opening up opportunities in drug development. Focuses on the chemistry of bioactive natural products Contains contributions by leading authorities in the field Presents sources of new pharmacophores