Download or read book Thermodynamics Diffusion and the Kirkendall Effect in Solids written by Aloke Paul and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book basic and some more advanced thermodynamics and phase as well as stability diagrams relevant for diffusion studies are introduced. Following, Fick’s laws of diffusion, atomic mechanisms, interdiffusion, intrinsic diffusion, tracer diffusion and the Kirkendall effect are discussed. Short circuit diffusion is explained in detail with an emphasis on grain boundary diffusion. Recent advances in the area of interdiffusion will be introduced. Interdiffusion in multi-component systems is also explained. Many practical examples will be given, such that researches working in this area can learn the practical evaluation of various diffusion parameters from experimental results. Large number of illustrations and experimental results are used to explain the subject. This book will be appealing for students, academicians, engineers and researchers in academic institutions, industry research and development laboratories.
Download or read book Diffusion in Solids written by Helmut Mehrer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-24 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the central aspects of diffusion in solids, and goes on to provide easy access to important information about diffusion in metals, alloys, semiconductors, ion-conducting materials, glasses and nanomaterials. Coverage includes diffusion-controlled phenomena including ionic conduction, grain-boundary and dislocation pipe diffusion. This book will benefit graduate students in such disciplines as solid-state physics, physical metallurgy, materials science, and geophysics, as well as scientists in academic and industrial research laboratories.
Download or read book Solid State Physics written by Mohammad Abdul Wahab and published by Alpha Science Int'l Ltd.. This book was released on 2005 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid State Physics, a comprehensive study for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of pure and applied sciences, and engineering disciplines is divided into eighteen chapters. The First seven chapters deal with structure related aspects such as lattice and crystal structures, bonding, packing and diffusion of atoms followed by imperfections and lattice vibrations. Chapter eight deals mainly with experimental methods of determining structures of given materials. While the next nine chapters cover various physical properties of crystalline solids, the last chapter deals with the anisotropic properties of materials. This chapter has been added for benefit of readers to understand the crystal properties (anisotropic) in terms of some simple mathematical formulations such as tensor and matrix. New to the Second Edition: Chapter on: *Anisotropic Properties of Materials
Download or read book Metal Nanocrystals written by Kallum M. Koczkur and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2020-07-31 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our society depends heavily on metals. They are ubiquitous construction materials, critical interconnects in integrated circuits, common coinage materials, and more. Excitingly, new uses for metals are emerging with the advent of nanoscience, as metal crystals with nanoscale dimensions can display new and tunable properties. The optical and photothermal properties of metal nanocrystals have led to cancer diagnosis and treatment platforms now in clinical trials, while, at the same time, the ability to tune the surface features of metal nanocrystals is giving rise to designer catalysts that enable more sustainable use of precious resources. These are just two examples of how metal nanocrystals are addressing important social needs.
Download or read book Modern Physical Metallurgy and Materials Engineering written by R. E. Smallman and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1999-12-08 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sixth edition of Modern Physical Metallurgy provides a comprehensive overview of the structure of matter, the physical properties of materials and their mechanical behaviour and some of the most recent advances in physical metallurgy.
Download or read book Bimetallic Nanostructures written by Ya-Wen Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-16 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systematically summarizes the current status and recent advances in bimetallic structures, their shape-controlled synthesis, properties, and applications Intensive researches are currently being carried out on bimetallic nanostructures, focusing on a number of fundamental, physical, and chemical questions regarding their synthesis and properties. This book presents a systematic and comprehensive summary of the current status and recent advances in this field, supporting readers in the synthesis of model bimetallic nanoparticles, and the exploration and interpretation of their properties. Bimetallic Nanostructures: Shape-Controlled Synthesis for Catalysis, Plasmonics and Sensing Applications is divided into three parts. Part 1 introduces basic chemical and physical knowledge of bimetallic structures, including fundamentals, computational models, and in situ characterization techniques. Part 2 summarizes recent developments in synthetic methods, characterization, and properties of bimetallic structures from the perspective of morphology effect, including zero-dimensional nanomaterials, one-dimensional nanomaterials, and two-dimensional nanomaterials. Part 3 discusses applications in electrocatalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, plasmonics and sensing. Comprehensive reference for an important multidisciplinary research field Thoroughly summarizes the present state and latest developments in bimetallic structures Helps researchers find optimal synthetic methods and explore new phenomena in surface science and synthetic chemistry of bimetallic nanostructures Bimetallic Nanostructures: Shape-Controlled Synthesis for Catalysis, Plasmonics and Sensing Applications is an excellent source or reference for researchers and advanced students. Academic researchers in nanoscience, nanocatalysis, and surface plasmonics, and those working in industry in areas involving nanotechnology, catalysis and optoelectronics, will find this book of interest.
Download or read book Kinetics in Nanoscale Materials written by King-Ning Tu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-16 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the ability to produce nanomaterials advances, it becomes more important to understand how the energy of the atoms in these materials is affected by their reduced dimensions. Written by an acclaimed author team, Kinetics in Nanoscale Materials is the first book to discuss simple but effective models of the systems and processes that have recently been discovered. The text, for researchers and graduate students, combines the novelty of nanoscale processes and systems with the transparency of mathematical models and generality of basic ideas relating to nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Download or read book Diffusion controlled Solid State Reactions written by Andriy M. Gusak and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an outstanding group of applied theoreticians with comprehensive expertise and a wide spectrum of international contacts headed by Prof. A. M. Gusak, this monograph coherently presents the approaches and results hitherto only available in various journal papers. A must-have for all those involved with the public or corporate science of nano systems, thin films and electrical engineering.
Download or read book High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion of Metals written by David John Young and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-10-03 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is concerned with understanding the fundamental mechanisms of high temperature alloy oxidation. It uses this understanding to develop methods of predicting oxidation rates and the way they change with temperature, gas chemistry and alloy composition. The focus is on designing (or selecting) alloy compositions which provide optimal resistance to attack by corrosive gases. . Emphasises quantitative calculations for predicting reaction rates and the effects of temperature, oxidant activities and alloy compositions. . Uses phase diagrams and diffusion paths to analyse and interpret scale structures and internal precipitation distributions . Provides a detailed examination of corrosion in industrial gases (water vapour effects, carburisation and metal dusting, sulphidation) . Text is well supported by numerous micrographs, phase diagrams and tabulations of relevant thermodynamic and kinetic data . Combines physical chemistry and materials science methodologies.
Download or read book Nanowires written by Abbass A. Hashim and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-07-18 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This potentially unique work offers various approaches on the implementation of nanowires. As it is widely known, nanotechnology presents the control of matter at the nanoscale and nanodimensions within few nanometers, whereas this exclusive phenomenon enables us to determine novel applications. This book presents an overview of recent and current nanowire application and implementation research worldwide. We examine methods of nanowire synthesis, types of materials used, and applications associated with nanowire research. Wide surveys of global activities in nanowire research are presented, as well.
Download or read book Impacting Commercialization of Rapid Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles FCEV written by David Wood and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2016-02-19 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alternative propulsion technologies are becoming increasingly important with the rise of stricter regulations for vehicle efficiency, emission regulations, and concerns over the sustainability of crude oil supplies. The fuel cell is a critical component of alternative propulsion systems, and as such has many aspects to consider in its design. Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) powered by proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEFC) and fueled by hydrogen, offer the promise of zero emissions with excellent driving range of 300-400 miles, and fast refueling times; two major advantages over battery electric vehicles (BEVs). FCEVs face several remaining major challenges in order to achieve widespread and rapid commercialization. Many of the challenges, especially those from an FCEV system and subsystem cost and performance perspective are addressed in this book. Chapter topics include: • impact of FCEV commercialization • ways to address barriers to the market introduction of alternative vehicles • new hydrogen infrastructure cost comparisons • onboard chemical hydride storage • optimization of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle powertrain design
Download or read book Modern Physical Metallurgy written by R. E. Smallman and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-09-04 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Physical Metallurgy describes, in a very readable form, the fundamental principles of physical metallurgy and the basic techniques for assessing microstructure. This book enables you to understand the properties and applications of metals and alloys at a deeper level than that provided in an introductory materials course.The eighth edition of this classic text has been updated to provide a balanced coverage of properties, characterization, phase transformations, crystal structure, and corrosion not available in other texts, and includes updated illustrations along with extensive new real-world examples and homework problems. - Renowned coverage of metals and alloys from one of the world's leading metallurgy educators - Covers new materials characterization techniques, including scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and nanoindentation - Provides the most thorough coverage of characterization, mechanical properties, surface engineering and corrosion of any textbook in its field - Includes new worked examples with real-world applications, case studies, extensive homework exercises, and a full online solutions manual and image bank
Download or read book Voids in Materials written by Gary M. Gladysz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-11-30 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All materials have voids in them, at some scale. Sometimes the voids are ignored, sometimes they are taken into account, and other times they are the focal point of the research. Voids in Materials: From Unavoidable Defects to Designed Cellular Materials takes due notice of all these occurrences, whether designed or unavoidable defects. We define, categorize, and characterize the voids (or empty spaces in materials) and we analyze the effects they have on material properties. This second edition is an updated and expanded central reference for voids in materials and covers all types of voids, intrinsic and intentional, and stochastic and nonstochastic, and the processes and conditions that are needed to create them and is a valuable resource to students in the areas of mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, materials science and engineering, physics, and chemistry, as well as scientists, researchers, and engineers in industry. - the effect of voids in materials; from low volume fraction defects and free volume in polymer networks to high void volume fraction foams and aerogels - how and why voids are introduced into materials across the length scales - biomaterial design used in vivo for soft, hard, and nerve tissue scaffolds - metallic and geopolymeric foams - additive manufacturing technologies used to tailor regularity (R) in the cell structure - stochastic, nonstochastic, and Voronoi foams - the latest techniques for characterizing voids - new chapters, covering the Kirkendall effect to create hollow and porous structures, and nanometer scale voids: nanotubes, zeolites, organic frameworks, and nanoporous noble metals
Download or read book Introduction to High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion written by A. S. Khanna and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text for graduate and post graduate students covers fundamentals of high temperature corrosion and related topics. Early chapters cover the thermodynamics and kinetics of oxidation and defect structure of oxides and diffusion in oxides, and later chapters cover thin and thick layer oxidation, o
Download or read book Silicon and Silicide Nanowires written by Yu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscale materials are showing great promise in various electronic, optoelectronic, and energy applications. Silicon (Si) has especially captured great attention as the leading material for microelectronic and nanoscale device applications. Recently, various silicides have garnered special attention for their pivotal role in Si device engineering
Download or read book Handbook Of Synthetic Methodologies And Protocols Of Nanomaterials In 4 Volumes written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 2370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book set includes four volumes, covering the methods and protocols for the synthesis, fabrication, and characterization of nanomaterials. The first two books introduce the solution phase and gas synthesis approaches for nanomaterials, providing a number of most widely used protocols for each nanomaterial. An exhaustive list of nanomaterials are included, which are arranged according to the atomic number of the main element in the compound for easy search. For each material, the protocols are categorized according to the morphology of the nanostructure. A detailed reference is included in each protocol to point the readers to the source of the protocol. The third book describes many unconventional methods for the fabrication of nanostructures, including lithography and printing, self-assembly, chemical transformation, templated synthesis, electrospinning, laser induced synthesis, flame and plasma synthesis, and atomic layer deposition processes. The fourth book covers the typical methods for structural characterization of nanomaterials, including electron diffraction, electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray diffraction, in-situ and operando X-ray techniques, X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, static and dynamic light scattering, vibrational characterization methods, and NMR spectroscopy. In addition to the introduction of the basic operational principles of these tools, the book focuses explicitly on how they can be applied for analyzing nanomaterials. The handbook is a complete reference that can provide readers easily accessible information on how to synthesize and characterize nanomaterials desired for their target applications.
Download or read book Stability of Microstructure in Metallic Systems written by J. W. Martin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-03-06 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this textbook, popular amongst students and faculty alike, investigates the various causes of thermodynamic instability in metallic microstructures. Materials theoretically well designed for a particular application may prove inefficient or even useless unless stable under normal working conditions. The authors examine current experimental and theoretical understanding of the kinetics behind structural change in metals. The entire text has been updated in this new edition, and a completely new chapter on highly metastable alloys has been added. The degree to which kinetic stability of the material outweighs its thermodynamic instability is very important, and dictates the useful working life of the material. If the structure is initially produced to an optimum, such changes will degrade the properties of the material. This comprehensive and well-illustrated text, accompanied by ample references, will allow final year undergraduates, graduate students and research workers to investigate in detail the stability of microstructure in metallic systems.
