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Book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NOx Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report August 1 1995 October 31 1995

Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NOx Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report August 1 1995 October 31 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emission of nitrogen oxides from combustion of coal remains a problem of considerable interest, whether the concern is with acid rain, stratospheric ozone chemistry, or {open_quotes}greenhouse{close_quotes} gases. Whereas earlier the concern was focused mainly on NO (as a primary combustion product) and to a lesser extent NO2 (since it is mainly a secondary product of combustion), in recent years the emissions of N2O have also captured considerable attention, particularly in the context of fluidized bed combustion, in which the problem appears to be most acute. The research community has only recently begun to take solid hold on the N2O problem. This is in part because earlier estimates of the importance of N2O in combustion processes were clouded by artifacts in sampling which have now been resolved. This project is concerned with the mechanism of reduction of both NO and N2O by carbons. It was recognized some years ago that NO formed during fluidized bed coal combustion can be heterogeneously reduced in-situ by the carbonaceous solid intermediates of combustions. This has been recently supplemented by the knowledge that heterogeneous reaction with carbon can also play an important role in reducing emissions of N2O, but that the NO-carbon reactions might also contribute to formation of N2O. The precise role of carbon in N2O reduction and formation has yet to be established, since in one case the authors of a recent study were compelled to comment that the basic knowledge of N2O formation and reduction still has to be improved. The same can be said of the NO-carbon system.

Book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NO subscript X Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report May 1 1995 July 31 1995

Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NO subscript X Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report May 1 1995 July 31 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emission of nitrogen oxides from combustion of coal remains a problem of considerable interest, whether the concern is with acid rain, stratospheric ozone chemistry, or {open_quotes}greenhouse{close_quotes} gases. Whereas earlier the concern was focused mainly on NO (as a primary combustion product) and to a lesser extent NO2 (since it is mainly a secondary product of combustion), in recent years the emissions of N2O have also captured considerable attention, particularly in the context of fluidized bed combustion, in which the problem appears to be most acute. The research community has only recently begun to take solid hold on the N2O problem. This is in part because earlier estimates of the importance of N2O in combustion processes were clouded by artifacts in sampling which have now been resolved. This project is concerned with the mechanism of reduction of both NO and N2O by carbons. It was recognized some years ago that NO formed during fluidized bed coal combustion can be heterogeneously reduced in-situ by the carbonaceous solid intermediates of combustion. This has been recently supplemented by the knowledge that heterogeneous reaction with carbon can also play an important role in reducing emissions of N2O, but that the NO-carbon reactions might also contribute to formation of N2O. The precise role of carbon in N2O reduction and formation has yet to be established, since in one case the authors of a recent study were compelled to comment that {open_quotes}the basic knowledge of N2O formation and reduction still has to be improved{close_quotes}. The same can be said of the NO-carbon system. In this program, carbons studied include graphite, resin char, coconut char, and a Wyodak coal char.

Book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NOx Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 August 1996 31 October 1996

Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NOx Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 August 1996 31 October 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emission of nitrogen oxides from combustion of coal remains a problem of considerable interest, whether the concern is with acid rain, stratospheric ozone chemistry, or {open_quotes}greenhouse{close_quotes} gases. Whereas earlier the concern was focused mainly on NO (as a primary combustion product) and to a lesser extent NO2, in recent years the emissions of N2O have also captured considerable attention, particularly in the context of fluidized bed combustion, in which the problem appears to be most acute. The research community has only recently begun to take solid hold on the N2O problem. This is in part because earlier estimates of the importance of N2O in combustion processes were clouded by artifacts in sampling which have now been resolved. This project is concerned with the mechanism of reduction of both NO and N2O by carbons.

Book Gozos al glorioso S Mauro M rtir Romano segun se cantan en la capilla del Real Colegio de Corpus Christi de Valencia en donde se venera el cuerpo de dicho Santo patr n del mismo Real Colegio

Download or read book Gozos al glorioso S Mauro M rtir Romano segun se cantan en la capilla del Real Colegio de Corpus Christi de Valencia en donde se venera el cuerpo de dicho Santo patr n del mismo Real Colegio written by and published by . This book was released on 1830 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NO sub X Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report November 1 1994 January 31 1995

Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NO sub X Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report November 1 1994 January 31 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emission of nitrogen oxides from combustion of coal remains a problem of considerable interest, whether the concern is with acid rain, stratospheric ozone chemistry, or {open_quotes}greenhouse{close_quotes} gases. Whereas earlier the concern was focused mainly on NO (as a primary combustion product) and to a lesser extent NO2 (since it is mainly a secondary product of combustion), in recent years the emissions of N2O have also captured considerable attention, particularly in the context of fluidized bed combustion, in which the problem appears to be most acute. The research community has only recently begun to take solid hold on the N2O problem. This is in part because earlier estimates of the importance of N2O in combustion processes were clouded by artifacts in sampling which have now been resolved. This project is concerned with the mechanism of reduction of both NO and N2O by carbons.

Book Government Reports Announcements Index

Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 996 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NO subscript X Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 May 1996 31 July 1996

Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NO subscript X Char Reduction Quarterly Technical Progress Report 1 May 1996 31 July 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emission of nitrogen oxides from combustion of coal remains a problem of considerable interest, whether the concern is with acid rain, stratospheric ozone chemistry, or {open_quotes}greenhouse{close_quotes} gases. Whereas earlier the concern was focused mainly on NO (as a primary combustion product) and to a lesser extent NO2, in recent years the emissions of N2O have also captured considerable attention, particularly in the context of fluidized bed combustion, in which the problem appears to be most acute. The research community has only recently begun to take solid hold on the N2O problem. This is in part because earlier estimates of the importance of N2O in combustion processes were clouded by artifacts in sampling which have now been resolved. This project is concerned with the mechanism of reduction of both NO and N2O by carbons.

Book Energy Research Abstracts

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NO subscript X

Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanisms of NO subscript X written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project is concerned with the mechanism of reduction of both NO and N2O by carbons. It was recognized some years ago that NO formed during fluidized bed coal combustion can be heterogeneously reduced in-situ by the carbonaceous solid intermediates of combustion. This has been recently supplemented by the knowledge that heterogeneous reaction with carbon can also play an important role in reducing emissions of N2, but that the NO-carbon reactions might also contribute to formation of N2. The precise role of carbon in N2 reduction and formation has yet to be established. Interest in the N2 and N2O-char reactions has been significant in connection with both combustor modeling, as well as in design of post-combustion NO(subscript x) control strategies. In our studies, a DuPont thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) is used for the char reactivity studies. The temperature and mass are recorded as function of time, using a Macintosh computer and software for simultaneous apparatus control and data acquisition. Specific surface areas of char samples were determined by the N2 BET method at 77 K.A standard flow-type adsorption device (Quantasorb) was used for the measurements. Prior to surface area analysis, all samples were outgassed in a flow of nitrogen at 573 K for 3 hours. The carbonaceous solids used were resin char, graphite, coconut char and a Wyodak coal char. As was noted in the last report, carbons derived from different original materials show quite similar behaviors, in terms of the trends, but there are significant differences in actual reaction rates. It was shown that the spread of the reaction rate data from different studies, when expressed on a mass of carbon reactant- or surface area-basis, was almost the same.

Book KINETICS AND MECHANISMS OF NOx CHAR REDUCTION

Download or read book KINETICS AND MECHANISMS OF NOx CHAR REDUCTION written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was undertaken in order to improve understanding of several aspects of the NO-carbon reaction. This reaction is of practical importance in combustion systems, but its close examination also provides some fundamental insight into oxidizing gas-carbon reactions. As part of this study, a comprehensive literature review of earlier work on this reaction has been published (Aarna and Suuberg, Fuel, 1997, 76, 475-491). It has been thought for some time that the kinetics of the NO-carbon reaction are unusual, in that they often show a two-regime Arrhenius behavior. It has, however, turned out during this work that NO is not alone in this regard. In this laboratory, we also uncovered evidence of two kinetic regime behavior in CO[sub 2] gasification. In another laboratory, a former colleague has identified the same behavior in N[sub 2]O. The low temperature reaction regime always shows an activation energy which is lower than that in the high temperature regime, leaving little doubt that a shift in mechanism, as opposed to transport limitations, dictates the behavior. The activation energy of the low temperature regime of these reactions is typically less than 100 kJ/mol, and the activation energy of the high temperature regime is generally considerably in excess of this value. In this study, we have resolved some apparent inconsistencies in the explanation of the low temperature regime, whose rate has generally been ascribed to desorption-controlled processes. Part of the problem in characterization of the different temperature regimes is that they overlap to a high degree. It is difficult to probe the low temperature regime experimentally, because of slow relaxation of the surface oxides in that regime. Using careful experimental techniques, we were able to demonstrate that the low temperature regime is indeed characterized by zero order in NO, as it must be. A separate study is being carried out to model the behavior in this regime in NO and in other gases, and the results will be presented shortly.

Book Superior Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide Quarterly Technical Progress Report January 1 1995 March 31 1995

Download or read book Superior Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide Quarterly Technical Progress Report January 1 1995 March 31 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During this quarter, progress was made on the following tasks: TPD techniques were employed to study the reaction mechanism of the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide with ammonia over iron oxide pillared clay catalyst; and a sulfur dioxide resistant iron oxide/titanium oxide catalyst was developed.