Download or read book Kidney Transplantation and Innate Immunity written by Paola Pontrelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Immunopathology of Kidney Transplantation written by Zesergio Melo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renal transplantation is currently the best alternative for patients with end-stage renal disease. Immune responses activated against the allograft are a decisive factor in transplantation outcomes and patient survival. Although short-term graft and patient survival have improved significantly as a result of better donor matching systems, novel immunosuppressive agents and enhanced care, long-term outcomes remain unfavorable and reflect sub-clinical injury caused by chronic rejection. The immune system lies at the intersection of immunogenic tolerance and graft failure; thus, it is a major determinant of pathology in the context of renal transplantation. During the early stages of transplantation increased expression of cytokines has been observed in addition to increased expression of adhesion proteins and immune cells. This early inflammatory response does not necessarily end in graft rejection, although this will depend on the severity of the inflammation. Activation of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs), damaging molecular patterns (DAMPs), and other components of innate immunity is key to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and the development of autoimmune diseases. Initially the donor antigens are presented to the T lymphocytes of the recipient. This activation induces their proliferation, differentiation and cytokine production. Successful kidney transplant recipients need to develop immunologic tolerance against donor antigens. In this chapter, we address some of the innate and adaptive immune mechanisms associated with kidney transplantation; emphasizing their role in allograft rejection.
Download or read book Transplant Rejection and Tolerance Advancing the Field through Integration of Computational and Experimental Investigations written by Giorgio Raimondi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organ transplantation is a life-saving surgical procedure through which the functionality of a failing organ system can be restored. However, without the life-long administration of immunosuppressive drugs, the recipient’s immune system will launch a massive immune attack that will ultimately destroy the graft. Although successful at protecting the graft from an immune attack, long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs leads to serious complications (e.g., increased risk of infection, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cancer). Moreover, recipients suffer from limited long-term graft survival rates due to the inability of current treatments to establish tolerance to the transplanted tissues. Thus, there is a great medical need to understand the complex network of immune system interactions that lead to transplant rejection so that new strategies of intervention can be determined that will redirect the system toward transplant acceptance while preserving immune competence against offending agents. In the past 20 years, the discovery and growing understanding of the positive and negative regulators of the activation of the immune system have fostered new interventional procedures targeting one or the other. While pre-clinical results proved the validity of these strategies, their clinical implementation has been troublesome. These results underscore the need for additional methods to determine the most effective interventions to prevent long-term transplant rejection. New tools of genomics, proteomics and metabolomics are being implemented in powerful analyses that promise the development of better, safer personalized treatments. In parallel, theoretical modeling has emerged as a tool that transcends investigations of individual mechanistic processes and instead unravels the relevant mechanisms of complex systems such as the immune response triggered by a transplant. In this way, theoretical models can be used to identify important behavior that arises from complex systems and thereby delineate emergent properties of biological systems that could not be identified studying single components. Employing this approach, interdisciplinary collaborations among immunologists, mathematicians, and system biologists will yield novel perspectives in the development of more effective strategies of intervention. The aim of this Research Topic is to demonstrate how new insight and methods from theoretical and experimental studies of the immune response can aid in identifying new research directions in transplant immunology. First, techniques from various theoretical and experimental studies with applications to the immune response will be reviewed to determine how they can be adapted to explore the complexity of transplant rejection. Second, recent advances in the acquisition and mining of large data sets related to transplant genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics will be discussed in the context of their predictive power and potential for optimizing and personalizing patient treatment. Last, new perspectives will be offered on the integration of computational immune modeling with transplant and omics data to establish more effective strategies of intervention that promote transplant tolerance.
Download or read book Role of the Immune System in Renal Transplantation Importance Mechanism and Therapy written by Long Zheng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-03-11 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kidney Transplantation written by Peter J. Morris and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immune Regulation in Kidney Diseases Importance Mechanism and Translation written by Cheng Yang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Innate Immune Functions in Kidney Transplantation written by Stefan Philip Berger and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Textbook of Organ Transplantation Set written by Allan D. Kirk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-07-21 with total page 5346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brought to you by the world’s leading transplant clinicians, Textbook of Organ Transplantation provides a complete and comprehensive overview of modern transplantation in all its complexity, from basic science to gold-standard surgical techniques to post-operative care, and from likely outcomes to considerations for transplant program administration, bioethics and health policy. Beautifully produced in full color throughout, and with over 600 high-quality illustrations, it successfully: Provides a solid overview of what transplant clinicians/surgeons do, and with topics presented in an order that a clinician will encounter them. Presents a holistic look at transplantation, foregrounding the interrelationships between transplant team members and non-surgical clinicians in the subspecialties relevant to pre- and post-operative patient care, such as gastroenterology, nephrology, and cardiology. Offers a focused look at pediatric transplantation, and identifies the ways in which it significantly differs from transplantation in adults. Includes coverage of essential non-clinical topics such as transplant program management and administration; research design and data collection; transplant policy and bioethical issues. Textbook of Organ Transplantation is the market-leading and definitive transplantation reference work, and essential reading for all transplant surgeons, transplant clinicians, program administrators, basic and clinical investigators and any other members of the transplantation team responsible for the clinical management or scientific study of transplant patients.
Download or read book Pathophysiology written by David C. Gaze and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-05-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathophysiology is the convergence of pathology (the discipline of observed changes in a diseased state) with physiology (the mechanisms of systems operation). It represents the functional changes that occur because of injury or disease. This volume provides state-of-the-art up-to-date literature reviews on pathophysiological processes in a number of disease states. The book is organised methodically in a head-to-toe systems approach examining aspects of neuropathophysiology, endocrine pathophysiology, structural biology, renal pathophysiology and genitourinary pathophysiology. This short volume on pathophysiology is intended for general medical and biomedical students at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. In addition, it is a useful short update of recent advances in research and translational biology to those working in academia or healthcare science.
Download or read book Innate Immunity in Kidney Injury Repair and Fibrosis written by Bin Yang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-04-25 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kidney Transplantation written by Claudio Ronco and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transplantation is today firmly established as the therapy of choice for end-stage organ failure. However, despite recent developments, this therapy is still not without challenges and risks: The necessity to take immunosuppressive drugs for the rest of one's life to prevent allograft rejection trades the morbidity and mortality of organ failure for the risks of infection and cancer as well as for an increased mortality from cardiovascular disease. Thus, there is an urgent need for optimizing the outcome of transplantation by achieving long-term, drug-free graft acceptance with normal organ function.Recently, numerous insights into the dynamic inter-relationship of host immune responses elicited by donor antigen presentation have substantially broadened our understanding of the cascade of events resulting in the acquisition of tolerance. With the pharmacopoeia of the transplant biologist continually expanding, the potential treatment combinations have become baffling and their impact on strategies to induce tolerance even more complex.This book presents novel insights into the pathways of acute rejection and their monitoring through molecular tests, new immunosuppressive agents currently under development as well as the most recent and promising approaches to induce tolerance that have emerged from experimental animal studies.
Download or read book Janeway s Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Download or read book Humoral Immunity in Kidney Transplantation written by Giuseppe Remuzzi and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As recent advances in immunosuppression and apheresis techniques have opened new avenues for the management of humoral immunity, interest in ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation has been renewed. Moreover, new screening techniques ' such as the single antigen bead assay ' allow for the detection and definition of very low levels of alloantibody, which has had a positive impact on the treatment possibilities in highly sensitized adult patients with end-stage renal disease. But despite these advances, a theoretical rationale is still missing for both the decision to transplant a sensitized patient and the classification of the transplant as low, medium or high risk. There is also no uniform approach with regard to pre-transplant desensitization protocols, and it is unclear whether particular post-transplant immunosuppression will be required and what would be the best combination treatment. Last but not least, the frequency and actual clinical impact of alloantibodies developed after transplantation on short- and long-term graft survival need to be ascertained.Aimed especially at the clinician, this publication presents recent insights in the characterization and pathogenetic role of humoral immunity in chronic allograft injury and investigates the perspectives for novel immunosuppressive therapies to control antibody production after transplantation.
Download or read book Improving Transplant Outcomes Through Modulation of Innate Immunity in Organ Donors written by Juan Sebastian Danobeitia and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organ transplantation is a life-saving treatment for patients with end-stage organ disease. Currently, most organs destined for transplantation are recovered from brain-dead donors; however, acute brain injury triggers an inflammatory response that substantially impacts post-transplant graft survival. The main objectives of this dissertation were to: 1) investigate the immunobiology of brain death and 2) develop novel therapeutic strategies targeting the activation of innate and acquired immunity in the context of organ donation. For this purpose, we developed small and large animal models of brain death donation and organ transplantation that accurately recreated the clinical environment. We characterized the innate immune response that follows severe brain injury and identified a central role for the interleukin-1 (IL-1) pathway and complement system activation in the orchestration and amplification of inflammation during donation. We specifically tested the effect of donor treatment with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) using pancreatic islet transplantation as a readout and documented decreased monocyte activation and migration, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine release and enhanced viability and functional potency of isolated islets transplanted into diabetic immunosuppressed hosts. In addition, we evaluated the impact of donor pretreatment targeting systemic complement activation using recombinant human C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) in renal ischemia reperfusion injury and renal transplantation. In mice, we observed that intravenous C1-inh delivery prior to ischemic insult protected the kidneys from inflammatory injury and delayed progression to tissue fibrosis. Furthermore, using a novel model of delayed graft function (DGF) we documented significant protective effect for C1-INH donor pretreatment as demonstrated by inhibition of classical pathway of complement activation, attenuation of neutrophil and monocyte activation and tissue infiltration. This systemic anti-inflammatory effect correlated with a significant reduction in the incidence of DGF in recipients of grafts recovered from treated donors. In summary, these studies indicate a pivotal role for innate immune activation in the deleterious effects of ischemia-reperfusion injury and brain death on transplantable organs. More importantly, they highlight the importance of early and targeted immunomodulatory intervention of the brain-dead donor in tissue protection prior to transplantation and may represent a new paradigm in the management of deceased organ donors.
Download or read book Kidney Transplantation written by Donald E. Hricik and published by Remedica. This book was released on 2003 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication reviews the immunology of transplant rejection as the basis for modern immunosupression protocols. It also looks at the current criteria for selection of kidney transplant recipients and donors.
Download or read book Kidney Transplantation written by Massimiliano Veroux and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012-08 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This e-book is an overview of recent advances in the realm of kidney transplantation. The volume discusses developments in surgical procedures while presenting a perspective on possibilities for kidney transplant research in the future. The e-book is a c
Download or read book Kidney Transplantation written by Judith Fox and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kidney transplantation has revolutionised the treatment of end-stage renal failure. Not only does it offer the best hope for complete rehabilitation, but it has also proved to be the most cost-effective of all treatment options, including dialysis. The surgical techniques involved have been mastered for half a century and are now considered routine. Nevertheless, this should not prevent us from appreciating the range and complexity of the issues surrounding kidney transplantation. This book examines the latest research in this field including rejection.
