Download or read book Judicial Applications of Artificial Intelligence written by Giovanni Sartor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The judiciary is in the early stages of a transformation in which AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology will help to make the judicial process faster, cheaper, and more predictable without compromising the integrity of judges' discretionary reasoning. Judicial decision-making is an area of daunting complexity, where highly sophisticated legal expertise merges with cognitive and emotional competence. How can AI contribute to a process that encompasses such a wide range of knowledge, judgment, and experience? Rather than aiming at the impossible dream (or nightmare) of building an automatic judge, AI research has had two more practical goals: producing tools to support judicial activities, including programs for intelligent document assembly, case retrieval, and support for discretionary decision-making; and developing new analytical tools for understanding and modeling the judicial process, such as case-based reasoning and formal models of dialectics, argumentation, and negotiation. Judges, squeezed between tightening budgets and increasing demands for justice, are desperately trying to maintain the quality of their decision-making process while coping with time and resource limitations. Flexible AI tools for decision support may promote uniformity and efficiency in judicial practice, while supporting rational judicial discretion. Similarly, AI may promote flexibility, efficiency and accuracy in other judicial tasks, such as drafting various judicial documents. The contributions in this volume exemplify some of the directions that the AI transformation of the judiciary will take.

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence and Judicial Modernization written by Yadong Cui and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-19 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively describes the status quo of artificial intelligence technology applications in the judicial field in China. Written by Cui Yadong, the former President of Shanghai Senior People's Court, it is divided into three parts: the first part focuses mainly on the theoretical issues related to artificial intelligence and judicial applications. The second part highlights practical aspects, discussing the research and development process, the implementation of the"206 system" and the major breakthroughs. The third part then addresses lessons learned and the thinking, particularly the thinking on "building the future rule of law of artificial intelligence", a new topic that responds to people's concerns about the risks and challenges of the development of artificial intelligence. In this context, the book argues that the judicial task is twofold: On the one hand, it should actively promote the integration and application of AI in the judiciary, judicial intelligence, and judicial modernization. On the other hand, it should encourage the construction of a future rule of law system of artificial intelligence, highlight the role of the judiciary in dealing with future risks and challenges, bring the development of artificial intelligence into line with the rule of law, and use the rule of law to promote, standardize and guarantee the safe, reliable and controllable development of artificial intelligence.

Download or read book An Introductory Guide to Artificial Intelligence for Legal Professionals written by Juan Pavón and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The availability of very large data sets and the increase in computing power to process them has led to a renewed intensity in corporate and governmental use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. This groundbreaking book, the first devoted entirely to the growing presence of AI in the legal profession, responds to the necessity of building up a discipline that due to its novelty requires the pooling of knowledge and experiences of well-respected experts in the AI field, taking into account the impact of AI on the law and legal practice. Essays by internationally known expert authors introduce the essentials of AI in a straightforward and intelligible style, offering jurists as many practical examples and business cases as possible so that they are able to understand the real application of this technology and its impact on their jobs and lives. Elements of the analysis include the following: crucial terms: natural language processing, machine learning and deep learning; regulations in force in major jurisdictions; ethical and social issues; labour and employment issues, including the impact that robots have on employment; prediction of outcome in the legal field (judicial proceedings, patent granting, etc.); massive analysis of documents and identification of patterns from which to derive conclusions; AI and taxation; issues of competition and intellectual property; liability and responsibility of intelligent systems; AI and cybersecurity; AI and data protection; impact on state tax revenues; use of autonomous killer robots in the military; challenges related to privacy; the need to embrace transparency and sustainability; pressure brought by clients on prices; minority languages and AI; danger that the existing gap between large and small businesses will further increase; how to avoid algorithmic biases when AI decides; AI application to due diligence; AI and non-disclosure agreements; and the role of chatbots. Interviews with pioneers in the field are included, so readers get insights into the issues that people are dealing with in day-to-day actualities. Whether conceiving AI as a transformative technology of the labour market and training or an economic and business sector in need of legal advice, this introduction to AI will help practitioners in tax law, labour law, competition law and intellectual property law understand what AI is, what it serves, what is the state of the art and the potential of this technology, how they can benefit from its advantages and what are the risks it presents. As the global economy continues to suffer the repercussions of a framework that was previously fundamentally self-regulatory, policymakers will recognize the urgent need to formulate rules to properly manage the future of AI.

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence and Legal Analytics written by Kevin D. Ashley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-10 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how text analytics and computational models of legal reasoning will improve legal IR and let computers help humans solve legal problems.

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings written by Serena Quattrocolo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses issues relating to the application of AI and computational modelling in criminal proceedings from a European perspective. Part one provides a definition of the topics. Rather than focusing on policing or prevention of crime – largely tackled by recent literature – it explores ways in which AI can affect the investigation and adjudication of crime. There are two main areas of application: the first is evidence gathering, which is addressed in Part two. This section examines how traditional evidentiary law is affected by both new ways of investigation – based on automated processes (often using machine learning) – and new kinds of evidence, automatically generated by AI instruments. Drawing on the comprehensive case law of the European Court of Human Rights, it also presents reflections on the reliability and, ultimately, the admissibility of such evidence. Part three investigates the second application area: judicial decision-making, providing an unbiased review of the meaning, benefits, and possible long-term effects of ‘predictive justice’ in the criminal field. It highlights the prediction of both violent behaviour, or recidivism, and future court decisions, based on precedents. Touching on the foundations of common law and civil law traditions, the book offers insights into the usefulness of ‘prediction’ in criminal proceedings.

Download or read book Judges Technology and Artificial Intelligence written by Tania Sourdin and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-28 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New and emerging technologies are reshaping justice systems and transforming the role of judges. The impacts vary according to how structural reforms take place and how courts adapt case management processes, online dispute resolution systems and justice apps. Significant shifts are also occurring with the development of more sophisticated forms of Artificial Intelligence that can support judicial work or even replace judges. These developments, together with shifts towards online court processes are explored in Judges, Technology and Artificial Intelligence.

Download or read book When Machines Can Be Judge Jury And Executioner Justice In The Age Of Artificial Intelligence written by Katherine B Forrest and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-04-08 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Is it fair for a judge to increase a defendant's prison time on the basis of an algorithmic score that predicts the likelihood that he will commit future crimes? Many states now say yes, even when the algorithms they use for this purpose have a high error rate, a secret design, and a demonstratable racial bias. The former federal judge Katherine Forrest, in her short but incisive When Machines Can Be Judge, Jury, and Executioner, says this is both unfair and irrational ...' See full reviewJed S RakoffUnited States District Judge for the Southern District of New YorkNew York Review of Books This book explores justice in the age of artificial intelligence. It argues that current AI tools used in connection with liberty decisions are based on utilitarian frameworks of justice and inconsistent with individual fairness reflected in the US Constitution and Declaration of Independence. It uses AI risk assessment tools and lethal autonomous weapons as examples of how AI influences liberty decisions. The algorithmic design of AI risk assessment tools can and does embed human biases. Designers and users of these AI tools have allowed some degree of compromise to exist between accuracy and individual fairness.Written by a former federal judge who lectures widely and frequently on AI and the justice system, this book is the first comprehensive presentation of the theoretical framework of AI tools in the criminal justice system and lethal autonomous weapons utilized in decision-making. The book then provides a comprehensive explanation as to why, tracing the evolution of the debate regarding racial and other biases embedded in such tools. No other book delves as comprehensively into the theory and practice of AI risk assessment tools.

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence in Law written by Enrico Guardelli and published by MedTechBiz. This book was released on with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is profoundly transforming the legal field, bringing new opportunities and challenges that impact everything from process automation to judicial decision-making. In Artificial Intelligence in Law: A New Era of Regulation and Justice, we explore this complex intersection between technology and law, offering a detailed analysis of the main concepts, technologies and applications of AI in the legal sector. This book covers the historical evolution of AI, the main ethical and legal challenges, and how different legal systems around the world are adapting to this technological revolution. In addition, we discuss crucial issues such as legal liability in cases involving AI, the protection of personal data, and the impact of AI on human rights. It is essential reading for legal scholars, academics, technology professionals and anyone interested in understanding how AI is shaping the future of law. With a clear and informed approach, the book offers valuable insights on how to navigate the complexities of this new digital era.

Download or read book Blue Book on AI and Rule of Law in the World 2022 written by Cui Yadong and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book AI For Lawyers written by Noah Waisberg and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover how artificial intelligence can improve how your organization practices law with this compelling resource from the creators of one of the world’s leading legal AI platforms. AI for Lawyers: How Artificial Intelligence is Adding Value, Amplifying Expertise, and Transforming Careers explains how artificial intelligence can be used to revolutionize your organization’s operations. Noah Waisberg and Dr. Alexander Hudek, a lawyer and a computer science Ph.D. who lead prominent legal AI business Kira Systems, have written an approachable and insightful book that will help you transform how your firm functions. AI for Lawyers explains how artificial intelligence can help your law firm: Win more business and find more clients Better meet and exceed client expectations Find hidden efficiencies Better manage and eliminate risk Increase associate and partner engagement Whether focusing on small or big law, AI for Lawyers is perfect for any lawyer who either feels uneasy about how AI might change law or is looking to capitalize on the evolving practice. With contributions from experts in the fields of e-Discovery, legal research, expert systems, and litigation analytics, it also belongs on the bookshelf of anyone who’s interested in the intersection of law and technology.

Download or read book Law and Artificial Intelligence written by Bart Custers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-05 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth overview of what is currently happening in the field of Law and Artificial Intelligence (AI). From deep fakes and disinformation to killer robots, surgical robots, and AI lawmaking, the many and varied contributors to this volume discuss how AI could and should be regulated in the areas of public law, including constitutional law, human rights law, criminal law, and tax law, as well as areas of private law, including liability law, competition law, and consumer law. Aimed at an audience without a background in technology, this book covers how AI changes these areas of law as well as legal practice itself. This scholarship should prove of value to academics in several disciplines (e.g., law, ethics, sociology, politics, and public administration) and those who may find themselves confronted with AI in the course of their work, particularly people working within the legal domain (e.g., lawyers, judges, law enforcement officers, public prosecutors, lawmakers, and policy advisors). Bart Custers is Professor of Law and Data Science at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands. Eduard Fosch-Villaronga is Assistant Professor at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands.

Download or read book Computer Applications for Handling Legal Evidence Police Investigation and Case Argumentation written by Ephraim Nissan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-15 with total page 1375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of computer techniques and tools — especially from artificial intelligence (AI) — for handling legal evidence, police intelligence, crime analysis or detection, and forensic testing, with a sustained discussion of methods for the modelling of reasoning and forming an opinion about the evidence, methods for the modelling of argumentation, and computational approaches to dealing with legal, or any, narratives. By the 2000s, the modelling of reasoning on legal evidence has emerged as a significant area within the well-established field of AI & Law. An overview such as this one has never been attempted before. It offers a panoramic view of topics, techniques and tools. It is more than a survey, as topic after topic, the reader can get a closer view of approaches and techniques. One aim is to introduce practitioners of AI to the modelling legal evidence. Another aim is to introduce legal professionals, as well as the more technically oriented among law enforcement professionals, or researchers in police science, to information technology resources from which their own respective field stands to benefit. Computer scientists must not blunder into design choices resulting in tools objectionable for legal professionals, so it is important to be aware of ongoing controversies. A survey is provided of argumentation tools or methods for reasoning about the evidence. Another class of tools considered here is intended to assist in organisational aspects of managing of the evidence. Moreover, tools appropriate for crime detection, intelligence, and investigation include tools based on link analysis and data mining. Concepts and techniques are introduced, along with case studies. So are areas in the forensic sciences. Special chapters are devoted to VIRTOPSY (a procedure for legal medicine) and FLINTS (a tool for the police). This is both an introductory book (possibly a textbook), and a reference for specialists from various quarters.

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence Law written by Edward Swan and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2024-03-18 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is inevitable, given the enormous media-driven concern generated by the recent application of artificial intelligence (AI) to an ever-expanding spectrum of day-to-day human experience, that the need for a clearly articulated legal response has become imperative. This book both clarifies the controversial issues surrounding the use of AI and explores in great detail how, far from being “unregulated,” the creation, distribution, and operation of AI systems currently is, and will remain, subject to a vast array of existing laws and regulations all over the world. Demonstrating beyond any doubt that the traditional concepts of legal responsibility, including duty of care, negligence, and compensation for damages, will always be applicable to those humans who create and/or use artificially intelligent things or systems, the author shows how AI systems are clearly implicated in numerous existing legal regimes, including the following: relevant provisions under international law and EU law; applicable provisions in the laws of the United States, the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore; and numerous national provisions in the legal fields of health and safety, intellectual property, competition, privacy and data protection, and military engagement. However, given the lack of international consensus on this vitally important issue, the author suggests that any worldwide agreement on the legal responsibilities relating to the use of AI will need to be carefully defined, and that provisions will need to be reviewed to determine how they will apply to any new range of artificially intelligent creations. The purpose of this book is to review those legal concepts, throughout the world, that currently govern the application of AI and to comment on modifications or extensions of the rule of law that are being proposed as necessary to serve and protect humanity in relation to the expanding applications of AI. It is important that anyone who uses or is affected by AI products understands the relationship between existing laws and regulations in major markets around the world and those areas where initial regulations may be required. For them, for their counsel, and for the various policy and regulatory authorities confronted with AI issues, this book will prove an essential guide.

Download or read book Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide written by The Federal Bureau of Investigation and published by Skyhorse Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2012-02 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The controversial guide to the inner workings of the FBI, now in...

Download or read book Regulating Artificial Intelligence written by Thomas Wischmeyer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses the normative and practical challenges for artificial intelligence (AI) regulation, offers comprehensive information on the laws that currently shape or restrict the design or use of AI, and develops policy recommendations for those areas in which regulation is most urgently needed. By gathering contributions from scholars who are experts in their respective fields of legal research, it demonstrates that AI regulation is not a specialized sub-discipline, but affects the entire legal system and thus concerns all lawyers. Machine learning-based technology, which lies at the heart of what is commonly referred to as AI, is increasingly being employed to make policy and business decisions with broad social impacts, and therefore runs the risk of causing wide-scale damage. At the same time, AI technology is becoming more and more complex and difficult to understand, making it harder to determine whether or not it is being used in accordance with the law. In light of this situation, even tech enthusiasts are calling for stricter regulation of AI. Legislators, too, are stepping in and have begun to pass AI laws, including the prohibition of automated decision-making systems in Article 22 of the General Data Protection Regulation, the New York City AI transparency bill, and the 2017 amendments to the German Cartel Act and German Administrative Procedure Act. While the belief that something needs to be done is widely shared, there is far less clarity about what exactly can or should be done, or what effective regulation might look like. The book is divided into two major parts, the first of which focuses on features common to most AI systems, and explores how they relate to the legal framework for data-driven technologies, which already exists in the form of (national and supra-national) constitutional law, EU data protection and competition law, and anti-discrimination law. In the second part, the book examines in detail a number of relevant sectors in which AI is increasingly shaping decision-making processes, ranging from the notorious social media and the legal, financial and healthcare industries, to fields like law enforcement and tax law, in which we can observe how regulation by AI is becoming a reality.

Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI written by Markus D. Dubber and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume tackles a quickly-evolving field of inquiry, mapping the existing discourse as part of a general attempt to place current developments in historical context; at the same time, breaking new ground in taking on novel subjects and pursuing fresh approaches. The term "A.I." is used to refer to a broad range of phenomena, from machine learning and data mining to artificial general intelligence. The recent advent of more sophisticated AI systems, which function with partial or full autonomy and are capable of tasks which require learning and 'intelligence', presents difficult ethical questions, and has drawn concerns from many quarters about individual and societal welfare, democratic decision-making, moral agency, and the prevention of harm. This work ranges from explorations of normative constraints on specific applications of machine learning algorithms today-in everyday medical practice, for instance-to reflections on the (potential) status of AI as a form of consciousness with attendant rights and duties and, more generally still, on the conceptual terms and frameworks necessarily to understand tasks requiring intelligence, whether "human" or "A.I."

Download or read book Court Performance Around the World written by Maria Dakolias and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper no. 430.QUOTEMany countries are undertaking legal and judicial reforms as part of their overall development programs; there is increasing recognition that economic and social progress requires consolidation of democracy as well as respect for the rule of law and human rights; without these development is not sustainable.QUOTEMany developing countries find that their judiciaries are inconsistent in conflict resolution and carry a large backlog of cases, thus stifling private-sector growth, eroding individual and property rights, and perhaps even violating human rights. Delays affect both the fairness and the efficiency of the system. They impede the public's access to the courts, which, in effect, weakens democracies, the rule of law and the ability to enforce human rights. This paper aims to describe and explain the performance of court systems in a sample of developing and developed countries in order to provide data to those designing or evaluating reforms. The study also seeks to show areas in which international comparison of judicial performance can be fruitful, suggesting indicators that can be used in such comparisons. Finally, it endeavors to provide comparisons of performance within individual countries over time.