Download or read book Labor Market Institutions and Unemployment Dynamics in Transition Economies written by Ms.Zuzana Brixiova and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-10-01 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies interactions between labor market institutions and unemployment dynamics in transition economies. It presents a dynamic matching model in which state sector firms endogenously shed labor and private job creation takes time. Two main conclusions arises. First, higher unemployment benefits increase steady-state unemployment, and, during the transition, they reduce the fall in real wages and speed up closure of state enterprises. Second, higher minimum wages can theoretically speed up the elimination of state sector jobs without affecting steady-state unemployment. These results are broadly consistent with existing evidence on the dynamics of unemployment and real wages in transition economies.

Download or read book Job to Job Transitions and Unemployment Dynamics written by Michael Simmons and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the role of job-to-job transitions in driving unemployment dynamics. Three stylized facts emerge from applying and extending a well-known stocks-flows based decomposition to the UK and US labour markets for the past two decades. First, the variations in the job-to-job probability contribute approximately a third and a fifth of the dynamics of the unemployment rate in the UK and US, respectively. Second, these results are not driven by compositional shifts in the pool of job leavers and are robust to controlling for time aggregation. Finally, conventional analyses that disregards job-to-job transitions will significantly underestimate the role of job finding in contributing to labour market dynamics.

Download or read book Output and Unemployment Dynamics in Transition written by Vivek H. Dehejia and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Labor Force Transition Dynamics written by Kailing Shen and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Job posting counts (JPCs) are increasingly being used as indicators of employment dynamics, but they have not received sufficient research attention to establish their value as a metric of these dynamics. This study aims to assess the efficacy of the traditional survey-based unemployment rate versus big-data-based JPCs in capturing labor market transitions in the United States. Using the Current Population Survey, our comparison focuses on the ability of these two types of metrics to predict individuals' transitions between employment and unemployment. Unlike with the unemployment rate, we not only examine the raw national JPCs but also consider four additional versions of JPCs that measure labor demand at various disaggregated levels. Our findings suggest that JPCs and the unemployment rate provide comparable predictive power for labor market transitions, with each capturing different aspects of the variation in these transitions. The estimated coefficients of both types of metrics remain statistically significant when considered together. Notably, the correlation between the unemployment rate and labor market transitions switches signs when year fixed effects are added, but a similar phenomenon is not observed when JPCs are examined. Among the various versions of JPCs, the most refined measure - JPCs by state, occupation, and industry - demonstrates the strongest predictive capabilities, outperforming other JPC measures and the unemployment rate.

Download or read book Output and Unemployment Dynamics in transition Working Paper Number 178 January 1998 written by Vivek H. Dehejia and Douglas W. Dwyer and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Youth Labor Market Problem written by Richard B. Freeman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together a massive body of much-needed research information on a problem of crucial importance to labor economists, policy makers, and society in general: unemployment among the young. The thirteen studies detail the ambiguity and inadequacy of our present standard statistics as applied to youth employment, point out the error in many commonly accepted views, and show that many critically important aspects of this problem are not adequately understood. These studies also supply a significant amount of raw data, furnish a platform for further research and theoretical work in labor economics, and direct attention to promising avenues for future programs.

Download or read book The Transition to Stable Employment written by Jacob Alex Klerman and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 1995 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report suggests that efforts to improve the school-to-work transition need to focus on those specific groups who fare worst in their early labor market career--most notably, high school dropouts.

Download or read book Matching and Unemployment Dynamics in a Model of Competition Between Employed and Unemployed Job Searchers written by Simon M. Burgess and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Labour Market Transitions and Unemployment Dynamics written by Christian Toft and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Unemployment Dynamics in the United States and West Germany written by Markus Gangl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In writing this book, I increasingly became aware of the extent to which much of the finest social science research has been devoted to the issue of unemployment. Unemployment rightly is a key issue in the social sciences for search of social and political answers to the economic, social and psychological distress caused by un certainty and macroeconomic change. I was glad to find my own worries shared by eminent and respected scholars: George Akerlof once confessed to pursue the study of unemployment ultimately because of his father's distress from fear of un employment, and Wout Ultee started research on unemployment from the consid eration that parents' talk about unemployment risks should not come to dominate marriage parties or other family occasions. The problem of unemployment is thus hardly confmed to actual loss of income, but one where economic insecurity be gins to undermine the very fabric of society. In consequence, to combat unem ployment should indeed be a foremost issue in societies striving for freedom and justice for their citizenry, yet to succeed obviously requires an understanding of the underlying economic realities. If this study could contribute to this endeavor, all the time spent in writing would seem well spent indeed. Against the significant body of existing social science research on unemploy ment, it seems appropriate to be clear about the scope and limitations of the cur rent study, however.

Download or read book Labor Market Dynamics Unemployment Duration and Multiple Job Holding in Russia During Economic Transition written by Mark C. Foley and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Unemployment in Transition written by Tomasz Mickiewicz and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the emergence of open unemployment is an unavoidable consequence of postcommunist transition.

Download or read book The Dynamics of Unemployment written by Kim B. Clark and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Output and Unemployment Dynamics in Transition written by Vivek Harsha Dehejia and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determinants of Individual Unemployment Duration in a Transition Economy written by Vera Alexandrovna Adamchik and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzes which factors affect the probability of exiting to employment and, hence, the duration of unemployment spells in a transition economy (Poland). The first empirical essay tests the key predictions from job search theory about the relationship between the duration of an unemployment spell and the reservation wage. We applied a quasi-structural model, and our results indicate that the relationships predicted by optimal job search theory are certainly present in the Polish data: reservation wages directly affect durations of unemployment but seem to decline over time. In the next essay we analyze the impact of unemployment benefits and other factors on the probability of exiting to employment with hazard models. All results indicate that some features of the Polish unemployment benefit system effective in 1994--1997 discouraged exits from unemployment status. The estimated overall effect of unemployment benefits on the probability of exiting to a job is negative, and the hazard rate to employment increases dramatically as the benefit expiration moment approaches. At the same time, restrictions imposed on the level of additional income of benefit recipients seemed to prevent this disincentive effect from being stronger. The final essay presents a new direction of economic research in transition economics, namely the influence of the ownership status on labor market flows. We investigate how a rapidly growing private sector in Poland affects labor market dynamics and, in particular, unemployment. The analyses of labor market flows indicate the existence of a moderate mobility, however, after disaggregating the flows, it becomes clear that private sector employees exhibit greater labor market mobility thin their public sector counterparts. Thus, the newly emerging and growing private sector will make the Polish labor market more dynamic and fluid.

Download or read book Economic Restructuring Unemployment and Growth in a Transition Economy written by Mr.Bankim Chadha and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1993-03-01 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops a model of the process of reallocation of labor from the state sector to the private sector. When growth is exogenously determined, we show that in the initial stages of transition unemployment will rise over time. After a critical stage in the transition process, restructuring is accompanied by a decline in unemployment. When growth is endogenously determined, and human capital is acquired by learning-by-doing, we show that whether restructuring eventually occurs is determined by the level of human capital in the private sector and the rate of unemployment. The effects of various shocks and government policies in affecting the costs, speed, and eventual outcome of restructuring are analyzed.

Download or read book Labor Credit and Goods Markets written by Nicolas Petrosky-Nadeau and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An integrated framework to study the theoretical and quantitative properties of economies with frictions in labor, financial, and goods markets. This book offers an integrated framework to study the theoretical and quantitative properties of economies with frictions in multiple markets. Building on analyses of markets with frictions by 2010 Nobel laureates Peter A. Diamond, Dale T. Mortensen, and Christopher A. Pissarides, which provided a new theoretical approach to search markets, the book applies this new paradigm to labor, finance, and goods markets. It shows, in particular, how frictions in different markets interact with each other. The book first covers the main developments in the analysis of the labor market in the presence of frictions, offering a systematic analysis of the dynamics of this environment and explaining the notion of macroeconomic volatility. Then, building on the generality and simplicity of the search analysis, the book adapts it to other markets, developing the tools and concepts to analyze friction in these markets. The book goes beyond the traditional general equilibrium analysis of markets, which is often frictionless. It begins with the standard analysis of a single market, and then sequentially integrates more markets into the analysis, progressing from labor to financial to goods markets. Along the way, the book provides a number of useful results and insights, including the existence of a direct link between search frictions and the degree of volatility in the economy.