Download or read book Isotopic Proveniencing and Mobility written by T. Douglas Price and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-30 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a state-of-the-art presentation and discussion of procedures, especially what works and what doesn’t — on isotopic proveniencing, learned over the last 30 years. The volume focuses on application, not method, to emphasize to the reader the wide range of questions that can be addressed using isotopic proveniencing. Topics covered include samples, baselines, isoscapes, and place of origin. Isotopic proveniencing has become almost standard procedure in the analysis of archaeological burials as a means of distinguishing locals from foreigners. The combination of isotopic proveniencing and DNA has moved archaeological interest in migration and mobility to the fore, but there is very little synthetic work published for either technology.The field has evolved and new procedures and guidelines have emerged that have not been widely heard and this volume seeks to rectify this. The contributors have been selected from among the leaders in the field, those with active research and hands-on experience with the technology. This volume is of relevance to archaeologists.
Download or read book Exploring Human Behavior Through Isotope Analysis written by Melanie M. Beasley and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-23 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume compiles a series of chapters written by experts of isotopic analysis in order to highlight the utility of various isotope systems in the reconstruction of past human behaviors. Rather than grouping contributions by specific isotopes or analytical techniques, as many isotope review articles are arranged, the volume organizes chapters by broadly defined themes of archaeological research. These include: paleodiet and life histories, human-animal interactions, and migration and mobility. In this sense, the book is arranged with the intent of being as much question based as method based. Chapters under these themes provide background information on the principles of the techniques and on the theoretical underpinnings of the research; yet they are written with the non-specialist in mind and attempt to convey these ideas clearly and succinctly. In addition to the case studies and reviews, three chapters provide greater context to the field of isotopic archaeology, discussing its history, basic principles, and future potential. The volume aims to serve as a reference source for students and practicing archaeologists seeking to apply isotopic studies to their own research projects or to act as a reader for courses in archaeological science. Chapter 6 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Download or read book Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory written by Alicia R. Ventresca Miller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pastoralists were a vital economic and social force in ancient societies around the globe, transforming landscapes poorly suited for agriculture into spaces of vast productive potential while simultaneously connecting mobile and sedentary communities alike across considerable distances. Drawing from the rich archaeological records of Asia, Africa, and Europe, Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory brings together the latest studies employing heavy and light stable isotopic analyses of humans and animals to investigate pastoralist diets, movement, and animal management strategies. The contributions presented in this volume highlight new methodological developments while simultaneously drawing attention to the diverse environmental factors that contribute to isotopic variation in human, plant, and animal tissues. Particular attention is paid to how pastoralist decisions regarding animal pasturing and mobility can be teased out of complex isotopic datasets, and also to the challenges in extracting information on the scales of human mobility in pastoralist landscapes. This volume will appeal to scholars in archaeology, anthropology, and ecology, as well as those with interests in animal management.
Download or read book Across the Alps in Prehistory written by Gisela Grupe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the heart of this book is the matter of how isotopic landscapes combined with data mining enriches insights on prehistoric migration and cultural transfer. Isotopic mapping is an indispensable tool for the assessment of mobility and trade in the past, but is limited by eco-geographic redundancies. An interdisciplinary research group focuses on the archaeological isotopic landscape of a reference region of outstanding importance, namely the transalpine migration route via the Brenner Pass which has been in use since the Mesolithic. Over the period of several cultural epochs, cremation was either the most common or exclusive burial custom practiced. For the first time, a systematic and large scale investigation of cremated remains was being conducted in the field of prehistoric migration research.87Sr/86Sr, 208Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, 206Pb/204Pb, 208Pb/207Pb, 206Pb/207Pb and – if applicable - also δ18O were measured in human and animal skeletal finds, an isotopic map was established, and innovative methods of data mining and similarity research have been applied to accomplish this novel approach to studying prehistoric migration and culture transfer. The book has interdisciplinary appeal and scholars working in bioarchaeology, physical anthropology and computer applications in life sciences will find it of particular interest.
Download or read book Isotope Research in Zooarchaeology written by Ashley E. Sharpe and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New techniques for understanding animal and human interactions in the past Through case studies of faunal remains from Roman Britain, prehistoric Southeast Asia, ancient African pastoral cultures, and beyond, this volume illustrates some of the ways stable isotope analysis of ancient animals can address key questions in human prehistory. Contributors use a diverse set of isotopic techniques to investigate social and biological topics, including human paleodiets and foodways, hunting and procurement strategies, exchange patterns, animal husbandry and the genetic consequences of domestication, and short- and long-term environmental change. They demonstrate how different isotopes can be used alone or in conjunction to address questions of animal diet, movement, ecology, and management. Studies also examine how sampling strategies, statistical techniques, and regional and temporal considerations can influence isotopic results and interpretations. By applying these new methods in concert with traditional zooarchaeological analyses, archaeologists can explore questions about human ecology and environmental archaeology that were previously deemed inaccessible.
Download or read book Strontium Isotope Tracing of Prehistoric Human Mobility in France written by Malte Willmes and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human mobility in recent history is well documented and often related to drastic external changes, including war, famine, and the discovery and exploration of new geographic regions and resources. Reconstruction of mobility patterns in prehistory is thus a crucial part of understanding the forces that drove our ancestors, but it is complicated by the fact that the archaeological evidence becomes scarce as we go back in time. The application of stable isotopes in archaeological research has revolutionised palaeomobility studies by providing independent data, which can be used to evaluate models of migration, trade, and cultural change. This research project explores the use of strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) to trace prehistoric human mobility patterns. Strontium isotope ratios vary across the landscape based on the age and composition of the underlying geology. Through diet humans incorporate strontium into their skeletal tissues such as bones and teeth. Teeth form during childhood and are resistant to weathering and geochemical alteration, often preserving the original isotope values. By comparing the strontium isotope ratios in teeth to the variations of strontium isotopes in the landscape it becomes possible to investigate mobility across geologically different areas between childhood and death. This study establishes the Isotopic Reconstruction of Human Migration (IRHUM) reference database and provides the first dataset of 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios of plant and soil samples, covering all major geologic units of France. This provides a new powerful tool for the archaeological science community as it allows the mapping of the variations of bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr isotope across the landscape. Utilizing this dataset, a bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr isotope map for archaeological provenance studies in France is created. For the application of this method to human fossil teeth new analytical methods to detect diagenetic overprint were tested. These now allow for rapid scanning to investigate the suitability of samples, minimising the damage to fossil remains. Least destructive analytical techniques for strontium isotope analysis, such as micro drilling thermal ionisation mass spectrometry and in situ laser-ablation MC-ICPMS, were further developed and applied to a range of materials of known composition, including shark and dugong teeth, modern and archaeological fauna samples, and fossil and modern human teeth. Finally, strontium isotope tracing was applied to three key archaeological sites in France, including the Neanderthal sites of Moula-Guercy, and the Neolithic sites of Le Tumulus des Sables and La Grotte des Perrats. Strontium isotope tracing proved to be a valuable technique and in combination with additional strings of evidence from archaeological material and other isotopic tracers, such as oxygen, improved our understanding of prehistoric human mobility at these sites. By covering different geographic locations and different time periods this study tests geochemical fingerprinting and offers new insights into these renowned archaeological sites.
Download or read book Isoscapes written by Jason B. West and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stable isotope ratio variation in natural systems reflects the dynamics of Earth systems processes and imparts isotope labels to Earth materials. Carbon isotope ratios of atmospheric CO2 record exchange of carbon between the biosphere and the atmosphere; the incredible journeys of migrating monarchs is documented by hydrogen isotopes in their wings; and water carries an isotopic record of its source and history as it traverses the atmosphere and land surface. Through these and many other examples, improved understanding of spatio-temporal isotopic variation in Earth systems is leading to innovative new approaches to scientific problem-solving. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the theory, methods, and applications that are enabling new disciplinary and cross-disciplinary advances through the study of "isoscapes": isotopic landscapes. "This impressive new volume shows scientists deciphering and using the natural isotope landscapes that subtly adorn our spaceship Earth.", Brian Fry, Coastal Ecology Institute, Louisiana State University, USA "An excellent timely must read and must-have reference book for anybody interested or engaged in applying stable isotope signatures to questions in e.g. Anthropology, Biogeochemistry, Ecology, or Forensic Science regarding chronological and spatial movement, changes, or distribution relating to animals, humans, plants, or water.", Wolfram Meier-Augenstein, Centre for Anatomy & Human Identification, University of Dundee, UK "Natural resources are being affected by global change, but exactly where, how, and at what pace? Isoscapes provide new and remarkably precise answers.", John Hayes, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA "This exciting volume is shaping a new landscape in environmental sciences that is utilizing the remarkable advances in isotope research to enhance and extend the capabilities of the field.", Dan Yakir, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
Download or read book Population Dynamics in Prehistory and Early History written by Elke Kaiser and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-07-04 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migrations and population dynamics are considered very problematic topics in the fields of ancient studies. Recent scholarship in (pre)historical population has generated new impulses by using scientific approaches using radiogenic and stable isotopes, and palaeogenetics, as well as computer simulation. As a result, the state of migration research has undergone rapid change. Several research groups presented papers at aconference held in Berlin in 2010, addressing specific historical aspects of population dynamics and migration, with no chronological or geographical restrictions, in the light of cutting-edge bio-archaeological research. This volume, divided into three larger thematic sections (isotope analysis, population genetics, and modelling and computer simulation), presents experiences and insights about methodological approaches, research results and prospects for future research in this area in a varied collection of papers. Scholars from widely diverse scientific disciplines present their approaches, findings and interpretations to an audience far broader than the circles of the individual disciplines.
Download or read book Muge 150th written by Nuno Bicho and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muge 150th: The 150th Anniversary of the Discovery of Mesolithic Shellmiddens is organized into two volumes. This first volume focuses on the Mesolithic structures of the Muge and Sado Valleys, with a total of 27 chapters. These contributions cover a wide range of archaeological and anthropological themes, including a general synthesis on the current state of specific topics including the use of isotopes in diet determination and migration; settlement and subsistence; technology; plant use; burial practices; social complexity; and research history.
Download or read book Arheologija okoli a i paleoekologija written by Maja Andrič and published by Založba ZRC. This book was released on with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knjiga je strokovno delo, ki temelji na prevodu slovenske knjige Maje Andrič, Tjaše Tolar in Boruta Toškana (Inštitut za arheologijo ZRC SAZU) Okoljska arheologija in paleoekologija: palinologija, arheobotanika in arheozoologija (2016). Poleg prevoda leta 2016 izdane knjige, delo dopolnjujejo dodatna poglavja, ki vključujejo tovrstne raziskave na Hrvaškem, vključujoč geoarheologijo, ki v slovenski različici ni obravnavana. Ta del knjige sta izpopolnila Katarina Gerometta s Sveučilišta Jurja Dobrile Filozofske fakultete v Puli in Siniša Radović z Zavoda za paleontologiju i geologiju kvartara HAZU v Zagrebu. Avtorji na poljuden način razkrivajo načine (tj. metode dela) in rezultate raziskav nekdanjega okolja. Rastlinski in živalski ostanki kot tudi odloženi sedimenti, ki jih lahko najdemo na arheoloških najdiščih ter v močvirskih in jezerskih sedimentih so dober vir podatkov o načinu življenja, gospodarstvu, prehranskih navadah, nekdanjem okolju in prilagoditvah človeka nanj v različnih arheoloških obdobjih. Gre za prvo celovito knjižno predstavitev področij delovanja palinologije, arheobotanike, arheozoologije in geoarheologije v hrvaškem jeziku.
Download or read book Investigating Mobility Across the Life Course Through Stable Isotope Analysis at the Early Medieval Site of Beretty jfalu Somata Hungary written by Brianna Jayne Muir and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Migration Period (375 to 568 CE) of Central and Eastern Europe was a tumultuous time politically, culturally, and socially. Historical and archaeological evidence provide support for the large-scale movement of multiple tribes and groups, including the Gepids and Avars, although biogeochemical evidence for mobility is currently limited for these populations. Mobility can impact individual and group health and identity, and has socio-political implications for broader regions involved. As such, identifying the extent and scale of mobility within a given population can provide nuanced insights into multiple aspects of life and society in the past. To investigate mobility in a population during and immediately following the Migration Period, bulk stable isotope analysis of stable carbon and oxygen were conducted on skeletal remains of Gepidic and Avar period individuals (n = 24) from the Hungarian site of Berettyóújfalu. Paired tooth enamel and bone bioapatite samples were analyzed, in order to reconstruct both early and later life values. The results of these multi-isotope and multi-tissue analyses indicate that there are statistically significant differences between paired bone (later life) and tooth enamel (earlier life) bioapatite values, providing evidence for change across the life course. Additionally, there is some tentative evidence that the females at the site may have been more mobile than the males, although further research is needed to corroborate this. Broadly, this research provides a meaningful contribution to the growing literature on isotopic variation and mobility in Gepidic and Avar communities, and thus creates a more nuanced image of life in Migration Period Hungary more generally.
Download or read book Making Journeys written by Catriona D. Gibson and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite notable explorations of past dynamics, much of the archaeological literature on mobility remains dominated by accounts of earlier prehistoric gatherer-hunters, or the long-distance exchange of materials. Refinements of scientific dating techniques, isotope, trace element and aDNA analyses, in conjunction with phenomenological investigation, computer-aided landscape modeling and GIS-style approaches to large data sets, allow us to follow the movement of people, animals and objects in the past with greater precision and conviction. One route into exploring mobility in the past may be through exploring the movements and biographies of artifacts. Challenges lie not only in tracing the origins and final destinations of objects but in the less tangible ‘in between’ journeys and the hands they passed through. Biographical approaches to artifacts include the recognition that culture contact and hybridity affect material culture in meaningful ways. Furthermore, discrete and bounded ‘sites’ still dominate archaeological inquiry, leaving the spaces and connectivities between features and settlements unmapped. These are linked to an under-explored middle-spectrum of mobility, a range nestled between everyday movements and one-off ambitious voyages. We wish to explore how these travels involved entangled meshworks of people, animals, objects, knowledge sets and identities. By crossing and re-crossing cultural, contextual and tenurial boundaries, such journeys could create diasporic and novel communities, ideas and materialities.
Download or read book The Material Fall of Roman Britain 300 525 CE written by Robin Fleming and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2021-06-11 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although lowland Britain in 300 CE had been as Roman as any province in the empire, in the generations on either side of 400, urban life, the money economy, and the functioning state collapsed. Many of the most quotidian and fundamental elements of Roman-style material culture ceased to be manufactured. Skills related to iron and copper smelting, wooden board and plank making, stone quarrying, commercial butchery, horticulture, and tanning largely disappeared, as did the knowledge standing behind the production of wheel-thrown, kiln-fired pottery and building in stone. No other period in Britain's prehistory or history witnessed the loss of so many classes of once-common skills and objects. While the reasons for this breakdown remain unclear, it is indisputable the collapse was foundational in the making of a new world we characterize as early medieval. The standard explanation for the emergence of the new-style material culture found in lowland Britain by the last quarter of the fifth century is that foreign objects were brought in by "Anglo-Saxon" settlers. Marshalling a wealth of archaeological evidence, Robin Fleming argues instead that not only Continental immigrants, but also the people whose ancestors had long lived in Britain built this new material world together from the ashes of the old, forging an identity that their descendants would eventually come to think of as English. As with most identities, she cautions, this was one rooted in neither birth nor blood, but historically constructed, and advanced and maintained over the generations by the shared material culture and practices that developed during and after Rome's withdrawal from Britain.
Download or read book The Viking Age written by Caroline Arcini and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-16 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of literature about the Viking period, based on artifacts or written sources, covers battles, kings, chiefs and mercenaries, long distance travel and colonization, trade, and settlement. Less is said about the life of those that stayed at home or those that immigrated into Scandinavia, whether voluntarily or by force. This book uses results from the examination of a substantial corpus of Swedish osteological material to discuss aspects of demography and health in the Viking period – those which would have been visible and recognizable in the faces or physical appearances of the individuals concerned. It explores the effects of migration, from the spread of new diseases such as leprosy to patterns of movement and integration of immigrants into society. The skeletal material also allows the study of levels of violence, attitudes towards disablement, and the care provided by Viking communities. An overview of the worldwide phenomenon of modified teeth also gives insight into the practice of deliberate physical embellishment and body modification. The interdisciplinary approach to questions regarding ordinary life presented here will broaden the knowledge about society during the Viking Age. The synthesis of the Swedish unburnt human skeletal remains dated to the Viking age will be a valuable resource for future research and provides an in-depth view on Viking age society.
Download or read book The Pitted Ware Culture on Djursland written by Lutz Klassen and published by Aarhus Universitetsforlag. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between ca. 3000 and 2800 BC, the Pitted Ware Culture of northeast European descent spread to the northeastern parts of Denmark. Here, by far the best archaeological evidence is known from the Djursland peninsula in eastern Jutland. This volume presents 12 individual papers that present the available finds from the key site of Kainsbakke as well as number of other excavated and not excavates sites. Besides artefacts, the faunal and botanical remains are dealt with in a comprehensive matter. Several papers are devoted to scientific analyses of chronology as well as the provenance of artefacts and selected faunal remains. On this basis, the Pitted Ware culture in Djursland is interpreted as a group that emerged locally from Funnel Beaker culture predecessors. This group choose to distinguish itself from its Funnel Beaker neighbours by giving itself a unique identity. This identity can be understood as a combination of Pitted Ware traits in material culture and ritual conduct obtained through close contact with Neolithic groups on the west coast of Sweden with elements derived from contemporaneous Funnel Beaker groups in other parts of Denmark.
Download or read book New Perspectives on the Bronze Age written by Sophie Bergerbrant and published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2017-04-30 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of articles helps to explain why the Bronze Age has come to hold such a fascination within modern archaeological research. By providing new theoretical and analytical perspectives on the evidence new interpretative avenues have opened, it situates the history of the Bronze Age in both a local and a global setting.
Download or read book Studying Hunter gatherer Mobility Using Isotopic and Trace Elemental Analysis written by Ian Fraser-Shapiro and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
