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Book Fact Sheet

Download or read book Fact Sheet written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Water resources Investigations Report

Download or read book Water resources Investigations Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Assessment of Streams and Aquatic Organisms in the Vicinity of Birmingham Alabama for the Presence and Biological Activity of Endocrine disrupting Chemicals

Download or read book Assessment of Streams and Aquatic Organisms in the Vicinity of Birmingham Alabama for the Presence and Biological Activity of Endocrine disrupting Chemicals written by Bryan S. Arwood and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freshwater ecosystems play a central role in the environment. Through various processes such as nutrient recycling, groundwater recharging, and the attenuation of many pollutants these biological systems help to maintain environmental health. Unfortunately, many recent studies have identified emerging threats to these special environments and the life they sustain. One source of mounting concern is a group of compounds that interact with the endocrine systems of humans and wildlife. Known as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), these natural and synthetic chemicals may mimic or interfere with the action of natural hormones--thus disrupting the endocrine system. Multiple studies have reported negative effects associated with EDCs on both the health of humans and wildlife; however more information is needed on the reproductive effects that EDCs may pose to wildlife, in particular fish inhabiting these freshwater ecosystems. Fish serve as a useful indicator of the health of an aquatic ecosystem. To this end, the scope of the current investigation provides an integrated approach in assessing the streams and aquatic organisms in the vicinity of Birmingham, Alabama for the presence and biological activity of EDCs. It follows a preliminary study conducted at several sites along the Cahaba River in which a yeast estrogen screen (YES) detected sufficient estrogenicity in water samples to imply the possible feminization of fish. Repeated samples were collected between 2012 and 2013 providing an assessment to the extent of seasonal and annual variation in estrogenic activity. Using the same YES assay as employed previously, it was determined that water samples collected at several wastewater treatment plant (WWTPs) outfalls contained estrogenic components in concentrations sufficient to cause endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms. Water samples were further analyzed using tandem liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometry and the predominant estrogenic components identified. At WWTPs where habitats were suitable, specimens of largescale stoneroller ( Campostoma oligolepis ) were collected and biomarkers of endocrine disruption evaluated. Such biomarkers included the presence of intersex, reduced gonad size in males and/or females, and reduced secondary sex characteristics within males. In each study described within this dissertation, chemical and biological evidence suggests that environmental estrogens were present at low-level concentrations during the sampling window represented here. Environmental estrogens detected in water samples from the WWTPs investigated illustrated non-significant seasonal influence of environmental concentration. Neither LC/MS nor the YES assay detected significant estrogen loading into receiving bodies of water via wastewater effluent. Additionally, biomarkers for endocrine disruption evaluated within C. oligolepis failed to detect significant differences in either histology or morphology between WWTP present and WWTP absent sites. We conclude that the WWTPs assessed in this study are not currently contributing environmental estrogens to the receiving waters in concentrations sufficient to produce discernible effects upon the fish populations within Jefferson County, Alabama; this is primarily due to their presence at low-level concentrations and intermittent persistence within receiving bodies of water.

Book National Water Quality Assessment Program upper Illinois River Basin

Download or read book National Water Quality Assessment Program upper Illinois River Basin written by Michael J. Friedel and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2005

Download or read book Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2005 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Dept. of the Interior and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2005

Download or read book Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2005 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of the Interior and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Deschutes and Ochoco National Forests N F and Crooked River National Grassland Invasive Plant Treatments Deschutes Jefferson Crook Wheeler and Grant Counties

Download or read book Deschutes and Ochoco National Forests N F and Crooked River National Grassland Invasive Plant Treatments Deschutes Jefferson Crook Wheeler and Grant Counties written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Review of the Environmental Protection Agency s State of the science Evaluation of Nonmonotonic Dose response Relationships as They Apply to Endocrine Disruptors

Download or read book Review of the Environmental Protection Agency s State of the science Evaluation of Nonmonotonic Dose response Relationships as They Apply to Endocrine Disruptors written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee to Review EPA's State of the Science Paper on Nonmonotonic Dose Reponse and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potential health effects from chemicals that disrupt endocrine function pose an environmental health concern because of their ability to interfere with normal hormone function in human and wildlife populations. The endocrine system regulates biological processes throughout the body and is sensitive to small changes in hormone concentrations. Endocrine-disruptor research has focused primarily on chemicals that affect three hormone pathways that play important roles in reproduction and development - the estrogen, androgen, and thyroid hormone pathways. Some of this research has identified dose-response relationships that have nonmonotonic curves. Nonmonotonic dose-response curves (NMDRs) are of concern because they do not follow the usual assumption made in toxicology that as dose decreases the response also decreases. The existence of NMDRs has been a controversial topic for decades, and there has been considerable debate about their implications for how chemicals are tested and for how risks from such chemicals are assessed. Toxicity tests are designed to identify hazards and to characterize dose-response relationships, so tests are aimed at finding a (high) dose that elicits a response, and dose-response is explored by testing lower doses spaced to identify statistically a no- or lowest-observed-adverse-effect level. The concern for NMDRs is that such studies, as currently designed, might not detect the inflection of the dose-response curve if only a few doses are tested or if the change in inflection occurs below the range of doses tested. Another concern is that some NMDRs are found for biological effects that are not usually evaluated in toxicity tests. If current testing strategies are inadequate to account for NMDRs, changes to risk assessment practices might be necessary. To help address these issues, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed a draft State-of-the-Science Evaluation: Nonmonotonic Dose Responses as they Apply to Estrogen, Androgen, and Thyroid Pathways and EPA Testing and Assessment Procedures. EPA asked the National Research Council to conduct an independent review of this evaluation to ensure that it is scientifically sound and of high quality. Review of Environmental Protection Agency's State-of-the-Science Evaluation of Nonmonotonic Dose-Response as they Apply to Endocrine Disrupters evaluates whether EPA's evaluation presents a scientifically sound and high-quality analysis of the literature on NMDRs. This report reviews how well the EPA evaluation described how the assessment was performed, whether consistent methods and criteria were applied in the analysis of different evidence streams, and whether appropriate methods were applied to evaluating the evidence. The report makes recommendations to improve EPA's process and strengthen the evaluation.

Book Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides on BLM Lands in Oregon

Download or read book Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides on BLM Lands in Oregon written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2004 Justification of the budget estimates U S Geological Service

Download or read book Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2004 Justification of the budget estimates U S Geological Service written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of the Interior and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 2166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: