Download or read book Investigation of Dispersed Iron Alloy Catalysts in the Carbon Monoxide hydrogen Synthesis Reaction Progress Report August 1 1979 July 31 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of Fe-Ni, Fe-Co, Fe-Cu and Fe-K catalysts supported on SiO/sub 2/ have been prepared, characterized, and investigated with respect to activity and selectivity in CO-H/sub 2/ synthesis. In addition, several silica supported iron nitrides have been prepared and characterized. During the period encompassed by this report, our catalyst characterization activities have been directed toward the identification of the particle sizes and phases formed upon preparation, calcination, reduction and carburization. We have employed a combination of methods in doing these characterizations: transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Moessbauer spectroscopy and temperature programmed oxidation-reduction. Study of the activity and selectivity of the catalyst series has been carried out in a differential reactor system in the range of 225 to 300/sup 0/C with 3H:CO stoichiometry. We have also been developing a hydrogen uptake procedure for determining exposed surface in supported iron catalysts. It has been found that the conditions of preparation strongly affect the nature of the resulting catalyst, both with respect to alloy homogeneity, metal particle size, and catalytic activity. For the Fe system in particular, standard methods of preparation via impregnation and calcination result in very large particle (ca. 80 nm) composites of smaller individual grains (ca. 10 nm). characterization via x-ray or Moessbauer, however, reveals only the characteristic dimension of the granules and not of the composite particles.
Download or read book Investigation of Dispersed Iron Alloy Catalysts in the Carbon monoxide hydrogen Synthesis Reaction Progress Report August 1 1978 July 31 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on the characterization of the oxidation-reduction and carburization behavior of the Fe-Ni system using Fe/SiO/sub 2/, 4Fe-Ni/SiO/sub 2/, and Ni/SiO/sub 2/ catalysts is reported. (FS).
Download or read book Investigation of Dispersed Iron Alloy Catalysts in the Carbon Monoxide hydrogen Synthesis Reaction Progress Report August 1 1980 July 31 1981 written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past year has seen completion of two major tasks in the research program: (1) a detailed study of the characterization of particle size in supported .cap alpha.-Fe2O3 and related characterizations of the reduced metal with silica gel support; (2) a reaction study of a series of silica supported Fe-Ni, Fe-Co, Fe-Cu, Fe-K and the corresponding pure metals. Synthesis activity and selectivity were particular objectives of this work, and a particular correlation of the conversion dependence of selectivity and water-gas shift activity was observed. We feel this to be an important finding: the catalysts which are good water-gas shift catalysts are the ones which are inhibited during the synthesis. A mechanism of product inhibition by water formation has been proposed to explain the conversion dependence of selectivity.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 1634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 1374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index Keyword A L written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanistic Studies Related to the Metal Catalyzed Reduction of Carbon Monoxide to Hydrocarbons Progress Report April 1 1979 March 31 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stoichiometric reactions of metal complexes which parallel probable steps in the metal catalyzed reduction of CO are being investigated. It is hoped that the study of these model reactions will lead to an understanding of the structural factors influencing these individual reaction steps. The information obtained should be useful in the design and discovery of homogeneous catalysts for the reduction of CO to hydrocarbons. We have studied metal formyl complexes which may be involved in the initiation step in CO reduction and have compared metal formyl compounds with metal acetyl compounds. We have found that the structure and kinetic stability of metal formyl compounds are very similar to metal acetyl compounds. However, metal formyl compounds are thermodynamically much less stable than metal acetyl compounds towards decarbonylation. Hydride donation reactions of metal formyl compounds have been discovered. A neutral metal formyl compound has been discovered and its reactions have been investigated. Preparation of (C5H5)Re(CO)(NO)(CH2OH), the first authentic example of a hydroxymethyl metal compound, was accomplished and studies of its reactions with acid, with base, with CO, and with H2 were begun.
Download or read book Studies of Supported Metal Catalysts Progress Report September 1 1979 August 31 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research was carried out on four separate catalyst systems: Co-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/; Mo-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/; Co/Mo/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/; and Ni. Work was completed on the interactions between cobalt and .gamma.-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/. Work was begun on the combined Co/Mo/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ system. A separate study is in progress on support interactions between nickel and a variety of supports; particular emphasis has been on the effect of preparation method.
Download or read book Effects of Dispersion and Support on Adsorption Catalytic and Electronic Properties of Cobalt alumina Co Hydrogenation Catalysts Final Progress Report August 1 1987 July 31 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation of the effects of surface structure, dispersion, and support on the adsorption, catalytic, and electronic properties of cobalt/alumina is described, the objectives of which were to determine (1) the effects of surface structure and metal dispersion on the adsorption and catalytic properties of cobalt and (2) the effects of direct electronic interactions between metal clusters and support, on the adsorption, catalytic and electronic properties of cobalt supported on alumina. Effects of surface structure and dispersion on the adsorption, activity/selectivity, and electronic properties of Co/W single crystal surfaces and alumina-supported cobalt were investigated in a surface investigation, lab reactor studies, TPD/TPSR studies, and a Moessbauer spectroscopy study. The structure, stability, surface electronic properties, and chemisorptive properties of vapor-deposited cobalt overlayers (0-4 ML) on W(110) and W(100) were studied by Auger electron spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction, work function changes, and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of cobalt, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide. The CO chemisorptive properties of the two cobalt overlayers are quite different, CO adsorption being dissociative on the W(100) surface and nondissociative on the W(110) surface; comparison of the results with those for Ni/W(100) indicate that Co/W(100) dissociates CO as a result of electronic interaction with the tungsten substrate.
Download or read book Support Dispersion Effects in Supported Iron Catalysts written by Makarand D. Phadke and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrogen and Methane Syntheses Through Radiation Catalysis Progress Report September 1 1978 August 1 1979 6 Co Radiolysis of Water written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results of the second contract year are described on production of hydrogen through water radiolysis at 6°Co gamma energies, in the presence of solid oxide catalysts. The intent of the research is an improved theoretical understanding of radiation-induced hydrogen generation within the framework of the electronic theory of catalysis. Correlation of hydrogen yield with catalytic activity, based on prior work, was difficult to attain and an assessment of experimental parameters was made. Three sets of observations appear of some significance, however: (1) Antimony oxide (Sb2O3, Eg = 3.3) shows consistently a dramatic increase in catalytic performance which cannot be attributed solely to band gap values. (2) There appears to be a correlation between hydrogen yield and dielectric properties of the catalyst. (3) Gamma irradiation changes the constitutive electrical properties of oxide catalyts in a manner proportional to hydrogen yields. Subsequent research will examine items 1, 2, and 3 more fully. It will also evaluate quantitatively the utility of the theoretical model.
Download or read book Mechanistic Studies Related to the Metal Catalyzed Reduction of Carbon Monoxide to Hydrocarbons Progress Report April 1 1978 March 31 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stoichiometric reactions of metal complexes which parallel probable steps in the metal catalyzed reduction of CO are being investigated. Metal formyl complexes were studied which may be involved in the initiation step in CO reduction and metal formyl compounds were compared with metal acetyl compounds. It was found that the structure and kinetic stability of metal formyl compounds are very similar to metal acetyl compounds. However, metal formyl compounds are thermodynamically much less stable than metal acetyl compounds towards decarbonylation. Hydride donation reactions of metal formyl compounds were discovered. A neutral metal formyl compound was discovered and its reactions were investigated.
Download or read book Highly Dispersed Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction Quarterly Report No 5 August 23 1992 November 22 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this project are to study the effect of pretreatment methods on the two-stage liquefaction process. In particular, the effects of dispersed catalysts and carbon monoxide atmospheres on a coal liquefaction process. The project is divided into three technical tasks. Task 1 and 2 deal with the analyses and liquefaction experiments, respectively, whereas Task 3 deals with the economic impact of utilizing the pretreatment methods. This quarter we concentrated on Tasks 1 and 2, which are summarized. In this support task, the fractionated products from the coal liquefaction experiments conducted in Task 2 were analyzed for C, H, and N content. A very low H/C ratio for these products was found, and is most likely due to the low H/C ratio of the Black Thunder recycle solvent used in these liquefaction experiments. Also, during this quarter an on-line gas chromatograph was integrated into the autoclave system. We also conducted some experiments to determine the ease of activation of potential coal liquefaction catalysts. For these experiments the technique of NO chemisorption was used to determine the active catalytic MoS2 sites on coals impregnated with organometallic Mo precursors. We found that these organometallic Mo clusters easily activated to MoS2 sites. We continued our base-line screening experiments in the 300 mL autoclaves. Last quarter iron oxide and iron carbonyl catalysts were compared using an atmosphere of hydrogen with 3% H2S. This quarter we included a comparison of liquefaction with iron oxide where we added an additional atmosphere of 20% carbon monoxide and found that this addition increased the conversion yields to soluble products. All of the carbon monoxide was accounted for as either unconverted carbon monoxide or as carbon dioxide. No evidence of conversion of the carbon monoxide to methane or Fischer-Tropsch type reactions were observed.
Download or read book Investigation of Sulfur tolerant Catalysts for Selective Synthesis of Hydrocarbon Liquids from Coal derived Gases Quarterly Technical Progress Report December 19 1979 March 18 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 15% Fe/SiO2 catalyst was prepared. H2 and CO chemisorption uptakes were measured for the catalysts prepared to date. Very small uptakes were noted for the silica supported iron catalysts. Reactor activity tests in synthesis gas were conducted for 3% Fe/SiO2, 15% Fe/SiO2 and 10% Co-B/Al2O3 catalysts. These preliminary tests aided the final development of a laboratory microreactor system. Criteria for avoiding heat and mass transfer limitations on intrinsic rate measurements were examined and applied to the catalyst activity tests.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Technical Progress Report No 8 July 1 1992 September 30 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this contract are to develop a technology for the production of active and stable iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for use in slurry-phase synthesis reactors and to develop a scaleup procedure for large-scale synthesis of such catalysts for process development and long-term testing in slurry bubble-column reactors. With a feed containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the molar ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 to the slurry bubble-column reactor, the catalyst performance target is 88% CO + H2 conversion at a minimum space velocity of 2.4 NL/hr/gFe. The desired sum of methane and ethane selectivities is no more than 4%, and the conversion loss per week is not to exceed 1%. Contract Tasks are as follows: 1.0--Catalyst development, 1.1--Technology assessment, 1.2--Precipitated catalyst preparation method development, 1.3--Novel catalyst preparation methods investigation, 1.4--Catalyst pretreatment, 1.5--Catalyst characterization, 2.0--Catalyst testing, 3.0--Catalyst aging studies, and 4.0--Preliminary design and cost estimate of a catalyst synthesis facility. This paper reports progress made on Task 1.
