Download or read book Investigation of Dispersed Iron Alloy Catalysts in the Carbon monoxide hydrogen Synthesis Reaction Progress Report August 1 1978 July 31 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on the characterization of the oxidation-reduction and carburization behavior of the Fe-Ni system using Fe/SiO/sub 2/, 4Fe-Ni/SiO/sub 2/, and Ni/SiO/sub 2/ catalysts is reported. (FS).
Download or read book Investigation of Dispersed Iron Alloy Catalysts in the Carbon Monoxide hydrogen Synthesis Reaction Progress Report August 1 1979 July 31 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of Fe-Ni, Fe-Co, Fe-Cu and Fe-K catalysts supported on SiO/sub 2/ have been prepared, characterized, and investigated with respect to activity and selectivity in CO-H/sub 2/ synthesis. In addition, several silica supported iron nitrides have been prepared and characterized. During the period encompassed by this report, our catalyst characterization activities have been directed toward the identification of the particle sizes and phases formed upon preparation, calcination, reduction and carburization. We have employed a combination of methods in doing these characterizations: transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, Moessbauer spectroscopy and temperature programmed oxidation-reduction. Study of the activity and selectivity of the catalyst series has been carried out in a differential reactor system in the range of 225 to 300/sup 0/C with 3H:CO stoichiometry. We have also been developing a hydrogen uptake procedure for determining exposed surface in supported iron catalysts. It has been found that the conditions of preparation strongly affect the nature of the resulting catalyst, both with respect to alloy homogeneity, metal particle size, and catalytic activity. For the Fe system in particular, standard methods of preparation via impregnation and calcination result in very large particle (ca. 80 nm) composites of smaller individual grains (ca. 10 nm). characterization via x-ray or Moessbauer, however, reveals only the characteristic dimension of the granules and not of the composite particles.
Download or read book Investigation of Dispersed Iron Alloy Catalysts in the Carbon Monoxide hydrogen Synthesis Reaction Progress Report August 1 1980 July 31 1981 written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past year has seen completion of two major tasks in the research program: (1) a detailed study of the characterization of particle size in supported .cap alpha.-Fe2O3 and related characterizations of the reduced metal with silica gel support; (2) a reaction study of a series of silica supported Fe-Ni, Fe-Co, Fe-Cu, Fe-K and the corresponding pure metals. Synthesis activity and selectivity were particular objectives of this work, and a particular correlation of the conversion dependence of selectivity and water-gas shift activity was observed. We feel this to be an important finding: the catalysts which are good water-gas shift catalysts are the ones which are inhibited during the synthesis. A mechanism of product inhibition by water formation has been proposed to explain the conversion dependence of selectivity.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 1634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 1422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sections 1-2. Keyword Index.--Section 3. Personal author index.--Section 4. Corporate author index.-- Section 5. Contract/grant number index, NTIS order/report number index 1-E.--Section 6. NTIS order/report number index F-Z.
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 1374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanistic Studies Related to the Metal Catalyzed Reduction of Carbon Monoxide to Hydrocarbons Progress Report April 1 1978 March 31 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stoichiometric reactions of metal complexes which parallel probable steps in the metal catalyzed reduction of CO are being investigated. Metal formyl complexes were studied which may be involved in the initiation step in CO reduction and metal formyl compounds were compared with metal acetyl compounds. It was found that the structure and kinetic stability of metal formyl compounds are very similar to metal acetyl compounds. However, metal formyl compounds are thermodynamically much less stable than metal acetyl compounds towards decarbonylation. Hydride donation reactions of metal formyl compounds were discovered. A neutral metal formyl compound was discovered and its reactions were investigated.
Download or read book Effects of Dispersion and Support on Adsorption Catalytic and Electronic Properties of Cobalt alumina Co Hydrogenation Catalysts Final Progress Report August 1 1987 July 31 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation of the effects of surface structure, dispersion, and support on the adsorption, catalytic, and electronic properties of cobalt/alumina is described, the objectives of which were to determine (1) the effects of surface structure and metal dispersion on the adsorption and catalytic properties of cobalt and (2) the effects of direct electronic interactions between metal clusters and support, on the adsorption, catalytic and electronic properties of cobalt supported on alumina. Effects of surface structure and dispersion on the adsorption, activity/selectivity, and electronic properties of Co/W single crystal surfaces and alumina-supported cobalt were investigated in a surface investigation, lab reactor studies, TPD/TPSR studies, and a Moessbauer spectroscopy study. The structure, stability, surface electronic properties, and chemisorptive properties of vapor-deposited cobalt overlayers (0-4 ML) on W(110) and W(100) were studied by Auger electron spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction, work function changes, and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of cobalt, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide. The CO chemisorptive properties of the two cobalt overlayers are quite different, CO adsorption being dissociative on the W(100) surface and nondissociative on the W(110) surface; comparison of the results with those for Ni/W(100) indicate that Co/W(100) dissociates CO as a result of electronic interaction with the tungsten substrate.
Download or read book Hydrogen and Methane Syntheses Through Radiation Catalysis Progress Report September 1 1978 August 1 1979 6 Co Radiolysis of Water written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results of the second contract year are described on production of hydrogen through water radiolysis at 6°Co gamma energies, in the presence of solid oxide catalysts. The intent of the research is an improved theoretical understanding of radiation-induced hydrogen generation within the framework of the electronic theory of catalysis. Correlation of hydrogen yield with catalytic activity, based on prior work, was difficult to attain and an assessment of experimental parameters was made. Three sets of observations appear of some significance, however: (1) Antimony oxide (Sb2O3, Eg = 3.3) shows consistently a dramatic increase in catalytic performance which cannot be attributed solely to band gap values. (2) There appears to be a correlation between hydrogen yield and dielectric properties of the catalyst. (3) Gamma irradiation changes the constitutive electrical properties of oxide catalyts in a manner proportional to hydrogen yields. Subsequent research will examine items 1, 2, and 3 more fully. It will also evaluate quantitatively the utility of the theoretical model.
Download or read book Support Dispersion Effects in Supported Iron Catalysts written by Makarand D. Phadke and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanistic Studies Related to the Metal Catalyzed Reduction of Carbon Monoxide to Hydrocarbons Progress Report April 1 1979 March 31 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stoichiometric reactions of metal complexes which parallel probable steps in the metal catalyzed reduction of CO are being investigated. It is hoped that the study of these model reactions will lead to an understanding of the structural factors influencing these individual reaction steps. The information obtained should be useful in the design and discovery of homogeneous catalysts for the reduction of CO to hydrocarbons. We have studied metal formyl complexes which may be involved in the initiation step in CO reduction and have compared metal formyl compounds with metal acetyl compounds. We have found that the structure and kinetic stability of metal formyl compounds are very similar to metal acetyl compounds. However, metal formyl compounds are thermodynamically much less stable than metal acetyl compounds towards decarbonylation. Hydride donation reactions of metal formyl compounds have been discovered. A neutral metal formyl compound has been discovered and its reactions have been investigated. Preparation of (C5H5)Re(CO)(NO)(CH2OH), the first authentic example of a hydroxymethyl metal compound, was accomplished and studies of its reactions with acid, with base, with CO, and with H2 were begun.
Download or read book Studies of Supported Metal Catalysts Progress Report September 1 1979 August 31 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research was carried out on four separate catalyst systems: Co-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/; Mo-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/; Co/Mo/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/; and Ni. Work was completed on the interactions between cobalt and .gamma.-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/. Work was begun on the combined Co/Mo/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ system. A separate study is in progress on support interactions between nickel and a variety of supports; particular emphasis has been on the effect of preparation method.
Download or read book Technology Development for Iron Fischer Tropsch Catalysts Technical Progress Report No 10 December 26 1992 March 26 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this contract are to develop a technology for the production of active and stable iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts for use in slurry-phase synthesis reactors and to develop a scaleup procedure for large-scale synthesis of such catalysts for process development and long-term testing in slurry bubble-column reactors. With a feed containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the molar ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 to the slurry bubble-column reactor, the catalyst performance target is 88% CO + H2 conversion at a minimum space velocity of 2.4 NL/hr/gFe. The desired sum of methane and ethane selectivities is no more than 4%, and the conversion loss per week is not to exceed 1%. Contract tasks are as follows: 1.0: Catalyst development; 1.1--Technology assessment; 1.2--Precipitated catalyst preparation method development; 1.3--Novel catalyst preparation methods investigation; 1.4--Catalyst pretreatment; 1.5--Catalyst characterization; 2.0--Catalyst testing; 3.0--Catalyst aging studies, and 4.0--Preliminary design and cost estimate of a catalyst synthesis facility. This paper reports progress made on Task 1.2 and 2.0.
Download or read book Supported Catalysts and Their Applications written by David C Sherrington and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need to improve both the efficiency and environmental acceptability of industrial processes is driving the development of heterogeneous catalysts across the chemical industry, including commodity, specialty and fine chemicals and in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Drawing on international research, Supported Catalysts and their Applications discusses aspects of the design, synthesis and application of solid supported reagents and catalysts, including supported reagents for multi-step organic synthesis; selectivity in oxidation catalysis; mesoporous molecular sieve catalysts; and the use of Zeolite Beta in organic reactions. In addition, the two discrete areas of heterogeneous catalysis (inorganic oxide materials and polymer-based catalysts) that were developing in parallel are now shown to be converging, which will be of great benefit to the whole field. Providing a snapshot of the state-of-the-art in this fast-moving field, this book will be welcomed by industrialists and researchers, particularly in the agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals industries.
Download or read book Report of the Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Accident written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1995-07 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-02-22 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the quest to mitigate the buildup of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere, researchers and policymakers have increasingly turned their attention to techniques for capturing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, either from the locations where they are emitted or directly from the atmosphere. Once captured, these gases can be stored or put to use. While both carbon storage and carbon utilization have costs, utilization offers the opportunity to recover some of the cost and even generate economic value. While current carbon utilization projects operate at a relatively small scale, some estimates suggest the market for waste carbon-derived products could grow to hundreds of billions of dollars within a few decades, utilizing several thousand teragrams of waste carbon gases per year. Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization: Status and Research Needs assesses research and development needs relevant to understanding and improving the commercial viability of waste carbon utilization technologies and defines a research agenda to address key challenges. The report is intended to help inform decision making surrounding the development and deployment of waste carbon utilization technologies under a variety of circumstances, whether motivated by a goal to improve processes for making carbon-based products, to generate revenue, or to achieve environmental goals.
