Download or read book Intrinsic Point Defects in Zinc Oxide written by Paul Erhart and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ZnO and Their Hybrid Nano Structures written by Gaurav Sharma and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2023-06-05 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ZnO and its hybrid nanostructures have unique optical, physical and chemical properties. The book covers recent trends in processing techniques and applications. Topics include solar cells, photo-voltaic devices, fuel cells, uv filters, lasers, light-emitting diodes, photo-detectors, spin-tronic devices, magnetic semiconductors, nano-generators, piezotronics, photo-catalytic applications against harmful organic pollutants like dyes, heavy metals, antibiotics, and sensors such as bio sensors, chemical sensors, gas sensors. Keywords: ZnO, Nano ZnO, Point Defects, Magnetic Semiconductors, Hybrid Nanostructures, Cell Applications, Nanoadsorbant for Heavy Metal Removals, Diagnostics, ZnO Nano-Carriers, ZnO Thin Films Fabrication.
Download or read book Charged Semiconductor Defects written by Edmund G. Seebauer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-14 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defects in semiconductors have been studied for many years, in many cases with a view toward controlling their behaviour through various forms of “defect engineering”. For example, in the bulk, charging significantly affects the total concentration of defects that are available to mediate phenomena such as solid-state diffusion. Surface defects play an important role in mediating surface mass transport during high temperature processing steps such as epitaxial film deposition, diffusional smoothing in reflow, and nanostructure formation in memory device fabrication. “Charged Defects in Semiconductors” details the current state of knowledge regarding the properties of the ionized defects that can affect the behaviour of advanced transistors, photo-active devices, catalysts, and sensors. Features: group IV, III-V, and oxide semiconductors; intrinsic and extrinsic defects; and, point defects, as well as defect pairs, complexes and clusters.
Download or read book Transparent Conductive Zinc Oxide written by Klaus Ellmer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-29 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zinc oxide (ZnO) belongs to the class of transparent conducting oxides that can be used as transparent electrodes in electronic devices or heated windows. In this book the material properties of, the deposition technologies for, and applications of zinc oxide in thin film solar cells are described in a comprehensive manner. Structural, morphological, optical and electronic properties of ZnO are treated in this review.
Download or read book Point Defects in Semiconductors and Insulators written by Johann-Martin Spaeth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-01-22 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The precedent book with the title "Structural Analysis of Point Defects in Solids: An introduction to multiple magnetic resonance spectroscopy" ap peared about 10 years ago. Since then a very active development has oc curred both with respect to the experimental methods and the theoretical interpretation of the experimental results. It would therefore not have been sufficient to simply publish a second edition of the precedent book with cor rections and a few additions. Furthermore the application of the multiple magnetic resonance methods has more and more shifted towards materials science and represents one of the important methods of materials analysis. Multiple magnetic resonances are used less now for "fundamental" studies in solid state physics. Therefore a more "pedestrian" access to the meth ods is called for to help the materials scientist to use them or to appreciate results obtained by using these methods. We have kept the two introduc tory chapters on conventional electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of the precedent book which are the base for the multiple resonance methods. The chapter on optical detection of EPR (ODEPR) was supplemented by sections on the structural information one can get from "forbidden" transitions as well as on spatial correlations between defects in the so-called "cross relaxation spectroscopy". High-field ODEPR/ENDOR was also added. The chapter on stationary electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) was supplemented by the method of stochastic END OR developed a few years ago in Paderborn which is now also commercially available.
Download or read book Handbook of Zinc Oxide and Related Materials written by Zhe Chuan Feng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through their application in energy-efficient and environmentally friendly devices, zinc oxide (ZnO) and related classes of wide gap semiconductors, including GaN and SiC, are revolutionizing numerous areas, from lighting, energy conversion, photovoltaics, and communications to biotechnology, imaging, and medicine. With an emphasis on engineering a
Download or read book DEFECTS AND OPTOELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF ZINC OXIDE written by Naresh Adhikari and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a compound semiconductor with a direct wide band gap of 3.4 eV with a high exciton binding energy of 60 meV at room temperature. It is a widely investigated semiconductor due to its high potential for optoelectronic applications in the UV region, especially, for light-emitting diodes and lasers. In these applications of ZnO, native point defects play key roles. The understanding of these defects will help us to realize and control the performance of ZnO in these applications. Also, it will help us to realize p-type doping in ZnO, which will open a way for oxide semiconductor based bipolar devices. Due to the reproducibility of high-quality ZnO crystals and their interesting properties, it is preferred for extensive research over other wide band gap semiconductors. So far, as research points out, native point defects are not well understood. In our work, we will present electrical and optical characterization studies done on ZnO single crystals as well as on polycrystals, and we will relate these measurements to defect studies using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) and Coincident Doppler Broadening Spectroscopy (CDBS). It was found that the increase in well-known green luminescence is associated with a decrease in conductivity and charge carrier concentration. Positron lifetime spectroscopy measurements were carried out to reveal the origin of defects responsible for decreasing the conductivity and enhancing the green luminescence. Lastly, it was interesting to observe the decrease in the ratio between green luminescence to near band emission as the laser power increased.
Download or read book Metal Oxide Varistors written by Jinliang He and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely up-to-date, this is the first comprehensive monograph on metal oxide varistors with a focus on microstructure, conduction mechanisms, device failures, ageing, additive impacts and future varistor systems. As such, it covers the fundamentals and applications of metal oxide varistors, including their macro-characteristics, microstructural properties and the device-internal physical and electrical mechanisms. The author reflects on the achievements made in varistor research and propose new approaches to analyze and predict the macro-characteristics, employing such methods as micro-contact measurements and numerical simulations. In addition, he looks at future directions for varistor research, such as ZnO varistors with a high voltage gradient and low residual voltage and further varistor types based on TiO2 and SnO2.
Download or read book Defects in Advanced Electronic Materials and Novel Low Dimensional Structures written by Jan Stehr and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defects in Advanced Electronic Materials and Novel Low Dimensional Structures provides a comprehensive review on the recent progress in solving defect issues and deliberate defect engineering in novel material systems. It begins with an overview of point defects in ZnO and group-III nitrides, including irradiation-induced defects, and then look at defects in one and two-dimensional materials, including carbon nanotubes and graphene. Next, it examines the ways that defects can expand the potential applications of semiconductors, such as energy upconversion and quantum processing. The book concludes with a look at the latest advances in theory. While defect physics is extensively reviewed for conventional bulk semiconductors, the same is far from being true for novel material systems, such as low-dimensional 1D and 0D nanostructures and 2D monolayers. This book fills that necessary gap. - Presents an in-depth overview of both conventional bulk semiconductors and low-dimensional, novel material systems, such as 1D structures and 2D monolayers - Addresses a range of defects in a variety of systems, providing a comparative approach - Includes sections on advances in theory that provide insights on where this body of research might lead
Download or read book Defects In Functional Materials written by Chi-chung Francis Ling and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-08-21 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research of functional materials has attracted extensive attention in recent years, and its advancement nitrifies the developments of modern sciences and technologies like green sciences and energy, aerospace, medical and health, telecommunications, and information technology. The present book aims to summarize the research activities carried out in recent years devoting to the understanding of the physics and chemistry of how the defects play a role in the electrical, optical and magnetic properties and the applications of the different functional materials in the fields of magnetism, optoelectronic, and photovoltaic etc.
Download or read book Zinc Oxide Materials for Electronic and Optoelectronic Device Applications written by Cole W. Litton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-07 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zinc Oxide (ZnO) powder has been widely used as a white paint pigment and industrial processing chemical for nearly 150 years. However, following a rediscovery of ZnO and its potential applications in the 1950s, science and industry alike began to realize that ZnO had many interesting novel properties that were worthy of further investigation. ZnO is a leading candidate for the next generation of electronics, and its biocompatibility makes it viable for medical devices. This book covers recent advances including crystal growth, processing and doping and also discusses the problems and issues that seem to be impeding the commercialization of devices. Topics include: Energy band structure and spintronics Fundamental optical and electronic properties Electronic contacts of ZnO Growth of ZnO crystals and substrates Ultraviolet photodetectors ZnO quantum wells Zinc Oxide Materials for Electronic and Optoelectronic Device Applications is ideal for university, government, and industrial research and development laboratories, particularly those engaged in ZnO and related materials research.
Download or read book Defects in Solids written by Richard J. D. Tilley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-10-10 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a thorough understanding of the chemistry and physics of defects, enabling the reader to manipulate them in the engineering of materials. Reinforces theoretical concepts by placing emphasis on real world processes and applications. Includes two kinds of end-of-chapter problems: multiple choice (to test knowledge of terms and principles) and more extensive exercises and calculations (to build skills and understanding). Supplementary material on crystallography and band structure are included in separate appendices.
Download or read book Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry written by García Iriepa Cristina and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-04-21 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry: Fundamentals, Methods, Applications and Synergy with Experimental Approaches provides a comprehensive overview of photoactive systems and photochemical processes. After an introduction to photochemistry, the book discusses the key computational chemistry methods applied to the study of light-induced processes over the past decade, and further outlines recent research topics to which these methods have been applied. By discussing the synergy between experimental and computational data, the book highlights how theoretical studies could facilitate understanding experimental findings. This helpful guide is for both theoretical chemists and experimental photochemistry researchers interested in utilizing computational photochemistry methods for their own work. - Reviews the fundamentals of photochemistry, helping those new to the field in understanding key concepts - Provides detailed guidance and comparison of computational and theoretical methods, highlighting the suitability of each method for different case studies - Outlines current applications to encourage discussion of the synergy between experimental and computational data, and inspiring further application of these methods to other photochemical processes
Download or read book Gas Sensing Fundamentals written by Claus-Dieter Kohl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, which addresses various basic sensor principles, covers micro gravimetric sensors, semiconducting and nano tube sensors, calorimetric sensors and optical sensors. Furthermore, the authors discuss recent developments in the related sensitive layers including new properties of nano structured metal oxide layers. They provide in-depth insights into the unique chemistry and signal generation of copper oxide in percolating sensors and present a variety of applications of functional polymers made possible by proper imprinting. Highlights of the subjects covered include: • requirements for high-temperature sensors • carbon nano tube sensors • new sensing model for nanostructured In2O3 • bio mimetic approach for semiconductor sensor-based systems • optical readout for inorganic and organic semiconductor sensors • concept of virtual multisensors to improve specificity and selectivity • calorimetric sensors for hydrogen peroxide detection • percolation effect-based sensors to implement dosimeters • imprinted polymer layers for bulk and surface acoustic wave sensors
Download or read book Oxide Based Materials and Structures written by Rada Savkina and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-05-07 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxide-based materials and structures are becoming increasingly important in a wide range of practical fields including microelectronics, photonics, spintronics, power harvesting, and energy storage in addition to having environmental applications. This book provides readers with a review of the latest research and an overview of cutting-edge patents received in the field. It covers a wide range of materials, techniques, and approaches that will be of interest to both established and early-career scientists in nanoscience and nanotechnology, surface and material science, and bioscience and bioengineering in addition to graduate students in these areas. Features: Contains the latest research and developments in this exciting and emerging field Explores both the fundamentals and applications of the research Covers a wide range of materials, techniques, and approaches
Download or read book Zinc Oxide A Material for Micro and Optoelectronic Applications written by Norbert H. Nickel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-28 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, a significant effort has been devoted to the investigation of ZnO as a suitable semiconductor for UV light-emitting diodes, lasers, and detectors and hetero-substrates for GaN. Research is driven not only by the technological requirements of state-of-the-art applications but also by the lack of a fundamental understanding of growth processes, the role of intrinsic defects and dopants, and the properties of hydrogen. The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on “Zinc oxide as a material for micro- and optoelectronic applications”, held from June 23 to June 25 2004 in St. Petersburg, Russia, was organized accordingly and started with the growth of ZnO. A variety of growth methods for bulk and layer growth were discussed. These techniques comprised growth methods such as closed space vapor transport (CSVT), metal-organic chemical vapor deposition, reactive ion sputtering, and pulsed laser deposition. From a structural point of view using these growth techniques ZnO can be fabricated ranging from single crystalline bulk material to polycrystalline ZnO and nanowhiskers. A major aspect of the ZnO growth is doping. n-type doping is relatively easy to accomplish with elements such al Al or Ga. At room temperature single crystal ZnO exhibits a resistivity of about 0. 3 -cm, an electron mobility of 2 17 -3 225 cm /Vs, and a carrier concentration of 10 cm . In n-type ZnO two shallow donors are observable with activation energies of 30 – 40 meV and 60 – 70 meV.
Download or read book Advances in Nanostructured Composites written by Mahmood Aliofkhazraei and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-25 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume of this book covered Section I: Introduction to Nanocomposites Fabrication and Section II: CNT and Graphene Nanocomposites. The present second volume covers Section III: Recent Applications of Nanocomposites. The second volume aims to provide a guide for different applications of modern nanocomposites especially those fabricated by carbon nanotubes and graphene. The book makes a comparative study of fiber-reinforced composites which have been embedded into the matrix with nanocomposites containing nanotubes in place of fibers. The main topics of this volume are: Electrochemical Properties of Nanoporous Based Materials, Fabrication and Application of Graphene Oxide-based Metal and Metal Oxide Nanocomposites, Electrochemical Sensors/Biosensors Based on Carbon Aerogels/Xerogels, Advances in Nanobiocatalysis: Strategies for Lipase Immobilization and Stabilization, Metal Oxide Based Heterojunction Nanoscale Materials for Chemiresistive Gas Sensors, Recent Advances in Polymer Nanocomposite Coatings for Corrosion Protection, Recent Advances in the Design of Nanocomposite Materials via Laser Techniques for Biomedical Applications, Carbonaceous Nanostructured Composites for Electrochemical Power Sources: Fuel Cells, Supercapacitors and Batteries, Bismuth Vanadate Based Nanostructured and Nanocomposite Photocatalyst Materials for Water Splitting Application.
