Download or read book Intraplate Volcanism written by R. Wally Johnson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989-11-24 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study of the young volcanoes of eastern Australia and parts of New Zealand looks at rock types and formation and inclusions of the upper mantle and lower-crustal rocks found in volcanic deposits. It discusses the Earth's crust and the mantle beneath, and the geological evolution in the area over the last 70-80 million years.
Download or read book Plates Plumes and Planetary Processes written by Gillian R. Foulger and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2007 with total page 1012 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a collection of papers discussing various hypotheses and models of planetary plumes.
Download or read book Hawaii Symposium on Intraplate Volcanism and Submarine Volcanism written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 5634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Geology, Second Edition presents in six volumes state-of-the-art reviews on the various aspects of geologic research, all of which have moved on considerably since the writing of the first edition. New areas of discussion include extinctions, origins of life, plate tectonics and its influence on faunal provinces, new types of mineral and hydrocarbon deposits, new methods of dating rocks, and geological processes. Users will find this to be a fundamental resource for teachers and students of geology, as well as researchers and non-geology professionals seeking up-to-date reviews of geologic research. Provides a comprehensive and accessible one-stop shop for information on the subject of geology, explaining methodologies and technical jargon used in the field Highlights connections between geology and other physical and biological sciences, tackling research problems that span multiple fields Fills a critical gap of information in a field that has seen significant progress in past years Presents an ideal reference for a wide range of scientists in earth and environmental areas of study
Download or read book Plates Plumes and Paradigms written by Gillian R. Foulger and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biogeography and Evolution in New Zealand written by Michael Heads and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biogeography and Evolution in New Zealand provides the first in-depth treatment of the biogeography of New Zealand, a region that has been a place of long-enduring interest to ecologists, evolutionary scientists, geographers, geologists, and scientists in related disciplines. It serves as a key addition to the contemporary discussion on regionalization—how is New Zealand different from the rest of the world? With what other areas does it share its geology, history, and biota? Do new molecular phylogenies show that New Zealand may be seen as a biological ‘parallel universe’ within global evolution?
Download or read book Ecosystem Dynamics in a Polar Desert written by and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1998 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents information from the primary abiotic forces defining the system, and from the present hydrology, biogeochemistry and physics of major sites of organic carbon production of the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Additionally, research on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the dry valley soils is included. The role of environmental management in long-term ecological studies is also addressed. The accompanying CDROM provides details and scale to visualize the McMurdo Dry Valleys from an ecosystem perspective.
Download or read book Oceanic Hotspots written by Roger Hekinian and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Hotspots provides a comprehensive overview of recent and ongoing research on intraplate volcanism in the ocean basins with special emphasis on the Pacific Ocean. The geology of the seamounts and their associated seamount chains is described, along with detailed geophysical, geochemical and hydrothermal observations made by a multi-disciplinary group of marine geoscientists. These observations lead to a deeper understanding of how the ascending mantle melts, represented by hotspots, are able to penetrate the lithosphere, build seamounts, and enhance hydrothermal circulation. The "fixed" hotspot-generated seamount chains also provide key constraints on plate tectonic reconstructions on the Earth's crust.
Download or read book Active Volcanoes of China written by J. Xu and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2021-11-02 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China is home to more than a dozen volcanoes that have erupted during the Holocene. Recent activity, such as the eruption of Ashikule in 1951 and unrest of Changbaishan during 2002–05, highlights the potential for future volcanic unrest and eruptions in the country. In 1999, a National Volcano Monitoring Network was established, inaugurating a programme of research and surveillance to understand the history and activity of China’s volcanoes. Much progress has been made since, advancing understanding in the areas of geology, geochemistry and geophysics, and supporting hazard mitigation planning. This Special Publication reports the wide-ranging outcomes of this work for the first time to the international community.
Download or read book Petrology written by Harvey Blatt and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2006 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With new chapters on volcanism, new appendices & sharper photos, together with extensive updating of the whole text, this new edition builds on the strengths of its predecessor.
Download or read book Quaternary of the Levant written by Yehouda Enzel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 789 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over eighty contributions from leading researchers review 2.5 million years of environmental change and human cultural evolution in the Levant.
Download or read book Volcanic Rifted Margins written by Martin A. Menzies and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2002 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World Part 4 written by A.R. Woolley and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2019-09-02 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The alkaline igneous rocks and carbonatites are compositionally and mineralogically the most diverse of all igneous rocks and, apart from their scientific interest, are of major, and growing, economic importance. They are important repositories of certain metals and commodities, indeed the only significant sources of some of them, and include Nb, the rare earths, Cu, V, diamond, phosphate, vermiculite, bauxite, raw materials for the manufacture of ceramics, and potentially Th and U. The economic potential of these rocks is now widely appreciated, particularly since the commencement of the mining of the Palabora carbonatite for copper and a host of valuable by-products. Similarly, the crucial economic dominance of rare earth production from carbonatite-related occurrences in China, has stimulated the world-wide hunt for similar deposits. This volume describes and provides ready access to the literature for all known occurrences of alkaline igneous rocks and carbonatites of Antarctica, Asia and Europe excluding the former USSR, Australasia and oceanic islands. More than 1,200 occurrences from 59 countries are outlined together with those of 57 oceanic islands and island groups. The descriptions include geographical coordinates and information on general geology, rock types, petrography, mineralogy, age and economic aspects with the principal references cited. There are 429 geological and distribution maps and a locality index. As has been demonstrated by the three earlier volumes, the present book is likely to be of considerable interest to mineral exploration companies, as there are no comprehensive published reviews of the economic aspects of the alkaline rocks. It will also interest research scientists in the fields of igneous petrology and volcanology, and geologists concerned with the regional distribution of igneous rocks and their geodynamic relationships.
Download or read book Volcanic Reservoirs in Petroleum Exploration written by Caineng Zou and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first work of its kind, Volcanic Reservoirs in Petroleum Exploration summarizes the current research and exploration techniques of volcanic reservoirs as a source of oil and gas. With a specific focus on the geological features and development characteristics of volcanic reservoirs in China, it presents a series of practical exploration and evaluation techniques based on this research. Authored by an award-winning petroleum geologist, it introduces exploration and outcome prediction techniques that can be used by scientists in any volcanic region worldwide. Volcanic reservoirs as new sources of petroleum resources are a hot topic in petroleum exploration. Although volcanic rock cannot generate hydrocarbons, it can serve as a reservoir for hydrocarbons when conditions permit. This book explains the differences between volcanic reservoirs and other major reservoir types, and describes effective methods for examining volcanic distribution and predicting volcanic reservoirs, providing a framework for systematic studies throughout the world. Includes an entire section dedicated to current trends in volcanic prediction and evaluation technology More than 90 full-color photos illustrate the text in greater detail Case studies conclude each chapter, helping scientists apply the book's concepts to real-life scenarios
Download or read book Volcanism written by Hans-Ulrich Schmincke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanic eruptions are the clear and dramatic expression of dynamic processes in planet Earth. The author, one of the most profound specialists in the field of volcanology, explains in a concise and easy to understand manner the basics and most recent findings in the field. Based on over 300 color figures and the model of plate tectonics, the book offers insight into the generation of magmas and the occurrence and origin of volcanoes. The analysis and description of volcanic structures is followed by process oriented chapters discussing the role of magmatic gases as well as explosive mechanisms and sedimentation of volcanic material. The final chapters deal with the forecast of eruptions and their influence on climate. Students and scientists of a broad range of fields will use this book as an interesting and attractive source of information. Laypeople will find it a highly accessible and graphically beautiful way to acquire a state-of-the-art foundation in this fascinating field. "Volcanism by Hans-Ulrich Schmincke has photos of the best quality I have ever seen in a text on the subject... In addition, the schematic figures in their wide range of styles are clear, colorful, and simplified to emphasize the most important factors while including all significant features... "I have really enjoyed reading and rereading Schmincke’s book. It fills a great gap in texts available for teaching any basic course in volcanology. No other book I know of has the depth and breadth of Volcanism... I have shared Volcanism with my colleagues to their significant benefit, and I am more convinced of its value for a broad range of Earth and planetary scientists. Undoubtedly, I will use Volcanism for my upcoming courses in volcanology. I will never hesitate to recommend it to others. Many geoscientists from very different subdisciplines will benefit from adding the book to their personal libraries. Schmincke has done us all a great service by undertaking the grueling task of writing the book – and it is much better that he alone wrote it." Stanley N. Williams, ASU Tempe, AZ (Physics Today, April 2005) "Schmincke is a German volcanologist with an international reputation, and he has done us all a great favour because he sensibly channelled his fascination with volcanoes into writing this beautifully illustrated book... [he] tackles the entire geological setting of volcanoes within the earth and the processes that form them... And, with more than 400 colour illustrations, including a huge number of really excellent new diagrams, cutaway models and maps, plus a rich glossary and references, this book is accessible to anyone with an interest in the subject." New Scientist (March 2004) "The science of volcanology has made tremendous progress over the past 40 years, primarily because of technological advances and because each tragic eruption has led researchers to recognize the processes behind such serious hazards. Yet scientists are still learning a great deal because of photographs that either capture those processes in action or show us the critical factors left behind in the rock record.Volcanism by Hans-Ulrich Schmincke has photos of the best quality I have ever seen in a text on the subject. I found myself wishing that I had had the photo of Nicaragua’s Masaya volcano, which was the subject of my dissertation, but it was Schmincke who was able to include it in his book. In addition, the schematic figures in their wide range of styles are clear, colorful, and simplified to emphasize the most important factors while including all significant features. The book’s paper is of such high quality that at times I felt I had turned two pages rather than one. I have really enjoyed reading and rereading Schmincke’s book. It fills a great gap in texts available for teaching any basic course in volcanology. No other book I know of has the depth and breadth of Volcanism. I was disappointed that the text did not arrive on my desk until last August, when it was too late for me to choose it for my course in volcanology. I am also disappointed about another fact—the book’s binding is already becoming tattered because of my intense use of it! Schmincke is a volcanologist who, in 1967, first published papers on sedimentary rocks of volcanic origin, the direction traveled by lava flows millions of years ago, and the structures preserved in explosive ignimbrites, or pumice-flow deposits, that reveal important details of their formation. Since then, his studies in Germany’s Laacher See, the Canary Islands, the Troodos Ophiolite of Cyprus, and many other regions have forged great fundamental advances. Such contributions have been recognized with his receipt of several international awards and clearly give him a strong base for writing the book. However, as a scientist who has focused on the challenges of monitoring the very diverse activities of volcanoes, I think that the text’s overriding emphasis on the rock record has its cost. The group of scientists who are struggling with their goals to reduce or mitigate the hazards of the eruptions of tomorrow need to learn more about the options of technology, instrumentation, and methodology that are currently available. More than 500 million people live near the more than 1500 known active volcanoes and are constantly facing serious threats of eruptions. An extremely energetic earthquake caused the horrific tsunamis of 2004. However, the tsunamis of 1792, 1815, and 1883, which were caused by the eruptions of Japan’s Unzen volcano and Indonesia’s Tambora and Krakatau volcanoes, each took a similar toll. " ( Stanley N. Williams, PHYSICS TODAY, April 2005)
Download or read book Oceanic Basalts written by P.A. Floyd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basalt is the most voluminous of all the igneous rocks. Extensive field, experimental, petrographic and geochemical studies of basalt have provided us with a considerable understanding of igneous petrogenesis, plate tectonics, and crust-mantle interaction and exchange. One important aspect of geology that has developed over the last few decades is the study of oceanic basalts. The ocean basins cover about two thirds of the earth's surface and are floored by a basement of oceanic basalt that is continuously undergoing generation at spreading centres and destruction at subduction zones, a process which throughout geological time is recognized as the principal means of generating new crust. The study of oceanic basalts enables us to understand better the generation and recycling of crustal materials (including the continental crust), and the exchange between oceanic crust and seawater via hydrothermal activity. Compositional variations displayed by oceanic basalts provide windows into the mantle, and the identification of isotopically-distinct mantle reservoirs demonstrates that the source of oceanic basalts is heterogeneous and is controlled by convection and reservoir interactions within the mantle.
Download or read book Highly Siderophile and Strongly Chalcophile Elements in High Temperature Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry written by Jason Harvey and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly Siderophile and Strongly Chalcophile Elements in High Temperature Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Volume 81 This RiMG (Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry) volume investigates the application of highly siderophile (HSE) and strongly chalcophile elements. This volume has its origin in a short course sponsored by the Mineralogical Society of America and the Geochemical Society held in San Diego, California on the 11th and 12th December 2015, ahead of the American Geophysical Union’s Fall Meeting, which featured a session with the same title. Topics in this volume include: analytical methods and data quality experimental constraints applied to understanding HSE partitioning nucleosynthetic variations of siderophile and chalcophile elements HSE in the Earth, Moon, Mars and asteroidal bodies HSE and chalcophile elements in both cratonic and non-cratonic mantle, encompassing both sub-continental and sub-oceanic lithosphere the importance of the HSE for studying volcanic and magmatic processes, and an appraisal of the importance of magmatic HSE ore formation in Earth’s crust. Highly siderophile and strongly chalcophile elements comprise Re, Os, Ir, Ru, Pt, Rh, Pd, Au, Te, Se and S and are defined by their strong partitioning into the metallic phase, but will also strongly partition into sulfide phases, in the absence of metal. The chemical properties of the HSE mean that they are excellent tracers of key processes in high temperature geochemistry and cosmochemistry, having applications in virtually all areas of earth science. A key aspect of the HSE is that three long-lived, geologically useful decay systems exist with the HSE as parent (107Pd-107Ag), or parent-daughter isotopes (187Re-187Os and 190Pt-186Os). The material in this book is accessible for graduate students, researchers, and professionals with interests in the geochemistry and cosmochemistry of these elements, geochronology, magmatic ore bodies and the petrogenesis of platinum-group minerals.
