Download or read book Instantiation Theory written by James G. Williams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-08-07 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instantiation Theory presents a new, general unification algorithm that is of immediate use in building theorem provers and logic programming systems. Instantiation theory is the study of instantiation in an abstract context that is applicable to most commonly studied logical formalisms. The volume begins with a survey of general approaches to the study of instantiation, as found in tree systems, order-sorted algebras, algebraic theories, composita, and instantiation systems. A classification of instantiation systems is given, based on properties of substitutions, degree of type strictness, and well-foundedness of terms. Equational theories and the use of typed variables are studied in terms of quotient homomorphisms and embeddings, respectively. Every instantiation system is a quotient system of a subsystem of first-order term instantiation. The general unification algorithm is developed as an application of the basic theory. Its soundness is rigorously proved, and its completeness and efficiency are verfied for certain classes of instantiation systems. Appropriate applications of the algorithm include unification of first-order terms, order-sorted terms, and first-order formulas modulo alpha-conversion, as well as equational unification using simple congruences.
Download or read book The Philosophy of Mind written by Brian Beakley and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together the best classical and contemporary writings in the philosophy of mind and organized by topic, this anthology allows readers to follow the development of thinking in five broad problem areas--the mind/body problem, mental causation, associationism/connectionism, mental imagery, and innate ideas--over 2500 years of philosophy. The writings range from Plato and Descartes to Fodor and the PDP research group, showing how many of the current concerns in the philosophy of mind and cognitive science are firmly rooted in history. The editors have provided helpful introductions to each of the main sections.Readings from: Plato, Aristotle, St. Thomas Aquinas, René Descartes, Thomas Hobbes, Nicolas Malebranche, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume, Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, Thomas Henry Huxley, William James, Oswald Külpe, John Watson, jean Piaget, Gilbert Ryle, U.T. Place, Hilary Putnam, Daniel Dennett, Donald Davidson, Jerry Fodor, Roger Shepard, Jacqueline Metzler, Saul Kripke, Ned Block, Noam Chomsky, Stephen Kosslyn, Zenon Pylyshyn, Patricia Churchland, James McClelland, David Rumelhart, Geoffrey Hinton, Paul Smolensky, Seymour Papert.
Download or read book Instantiation Theory written by James G. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Correspondence Theory of Truth written by Andrew Newman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-06-24 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents a version of the correspondence theory of truth based on Wittgenstein's Tractatus and Russell's theory of truth and discusses related metaphysical issues such as predication, facts and propositions. Like Russell and one prominent interpretation of the Tractatus it assumes a realist view of universals. Part of the aim is to avoid Platonic propositions, and although sympathy with facts is maintained in the early chapters, the book argues that facts as real entities are not needed. It includes discussion of contemporary philosophers such as David Armstrong, William Alston and Paul Horwich, as well as those who write about propositions and facts, and a number of students of Bertrand Russell. It will interest teachers and advanced students of philosophy who are interested in the realistic conception of truth and in issues in metaphysics related to the correspondence theory of truth, and those interested in Russell and the Tractatus.
Download or read book Advancing the Impact of Design Science Moving from Theory to Practice written by Monica Chiarini Tremblay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-08 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems and Technology, DESRIST 2014, held in Miami, FL, USA in May 2014. The 19 full papers, 7 research-in-progress papers and 18 short papers describing prototype demonstrations were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on design science; emerging themes; meta issues; methods; supporting business processes; team support; work-in-progress papers and prototypes.
Download or read book Concurrency Theory written by Howard Bowman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-28 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intheworldweliveinconcurrencyisthenorm.Forexample,thehumanbody isamassivelyconcurrentsystem,comprisingahugenumberofcells,allsim- taneously evolving and independently engaging in their individual biological processing.Inaddition,inthebiologicalworld,trulysequentialsystemsrarely arise. However, they are more common when manmade artefacts are cons- ered. In particular, computer systems are often developed from a sequential perspective. Why is this? The simple reason is that it is easier for us to think about sequential, rather than concurrent, systems. Thus, we use sequentiality as a device to simplify the design process. However, the need for increasingly powerful, ?exible and usable computer systems mitigates against simplifying sequentiality assumptions. A good - ample of this is the all-powerful position held by the Internet, which is highly concurrent at many di?erent levels of decomposition. Thus, the modern c- puter scientist (and indeed the modern scientist in general) is forced to think aboutconcurrentsystemsandthesubtleandintricatebehaviourthatemerges from the interaction of simultaneously evolving components. Over a period of 25 years, or so, the ?eld of concurrency theory has been involved in the development of a set of mathematical techniques that can help system developers to think about and build concurrent systems. These theories are the subject matter of this book.
Download or read book An Approach to the Extension of a Theorem Prover by Advanced Structuring Mechanisms written by Maksym Bortin and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2010 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General purpose theorem provers provide sophisticated proof methods, and become valuable tools in, e.g. formal software development. Of particular interest here are proof systems with the LCF architecture, developing large theories from a small logical kernel, because this approach simplifies the validation of derived results. On the other hand, such provers often lack some of advanced structuring mechanisms found in specification languages. This thesis firstly gives a formal foundation for a seamless extension of a logical framework by similar mechanisms, and secondly presents an elaborated case study in the LCF-style theorem prover Isabelle, employing the introduced concepts of morphisms and instantiation of theories in-the-large.
Download or read book The Problem of Universals in Contemporary Philosophy written by Gabriele Galluzzo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are there any universal entities? Or is the world populated only by particular things? The problem of universals is one of the most fascinating and enduring topics in the history of metaphysics, with roots in ancient and medieval philosophy. This collection of new essays provides an innovative overview of the contemporary debate on universals. Rather than focusing exclusively on the traditional opposition between realism and nominalism, the contributors explore the complexity of the debate and illustrate a broad range of positions within both the realist and the nominalist camps. Realism is viewed through the lens of the distinction between constituent and relational ontologies, while nominalism is reconstructed in light of the controversy over the notion of trope. The result is a fresh picture of contemporary metaphysics, in which traditional strategies of dealing with the problem of universals are both reaffirmed and called into question.
Download or read book A Formal Theory of Commonsense Psychology written by Andrew S. Gordon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-07 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commonsense psychology refers to the implicit theories that we all use to make sense of people's behavior in terms of their beliefs, goals, plans, and emotions. These are also the theories we employ when we anthropomorphize complex machines and computers as if they had humanlike mental lives. In order to successfully cooperate and communicate with people, these theories will need to be represented explicitly in future artificial intelligence systems. This book provides a large-scale logical formalization of commonsense psychology in support of humanlike artificial intelligence. It uses formal logic to encode the deep lexical semantics of the full breadth of psychological words and phrases, providing fourteen hundred axioms of first-order logic organized into twenty-nine commonsense psychology theories and sixteen background theories. This in-depth exploration of human commonsense reasoning for artificial intelligence researchers, linguists, and cognitive and social psychologists will serve as a foundation for the development of humanlike artificial intelligence.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Computation Theory written by Lothar Budach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-08-28 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains papers which were contributed for presentation at the international conference "Fundamentals of Computation Theory - FCT '91" heldat Gosen, near Berlin, September 9-13, 1991. This was the eighth in the series of FCT conferences organized every odd year. The programme of theconference, including invited lectures and selected contributions, falls into the following categories: - Semantics and logical concepts in the theory of computing, formal specification, - Automata and formal languages, Computational geometry, - Algorithmic aspects of algebra and algebraic geometry, cryptography, - Complexity (sequential, parallel, distributed computing, structure, lower bounds, complexity of analytical problems, general concepts), - Algorithms (efficient, probabilistic, parallel, sequential, distributed), - Counting and combinatorics in connection with mathematical computer science. The proceedings of previous FCT meetings are available as Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vols. 380, 278, 199, 158, 117, 56).
Download or read book Logic for Programming Artificial Intelligence and Reasoning written by Miki Hermann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-23 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence, and Reasoning, LPAR 2006, held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia in November 2006. The 38 revised full papers presented together with one invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 96 submissions.
Download or read book Description Logic Theory Combination and All That written by Carsten Lutz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-25 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Festschrift has been put together on the occasion of Franz Baader's 60th birthday to celebrate his fundamental and highly influential scientific contributions. The 30 papers in this volume cover several scientific areas that Franz Baader has been working on during the last three decades, including description logics, term rewriting, and the combination of decision procedures. We hope that readers will enjoy the articles gathered in Franz's honour and appreciate the breadth and depth of his favourite areas of computer science.
Download or read book CONCUR 2007 Concurrency Theory written by Luís Caires and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-22 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Concurrency Theory. Thirty full papers are presented along with three important invited papers. Each of these papers was carefully reviewed by the editors. Topics include model checking, process calculi, minimization and equivalence checking, types, semantics, probability, bisimulation and simulation, real time, and formal languages.
Download or read book Putting the Pieces Together written by Stanley E. Porter and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2024-08-12 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Languages consist of a wide variety of interesting elements, many of which have not yet been fully described or explored. In this book, written by experts in Hebrew and Greek, various elements of the Hebrew and especially Greek languages are described and analyzed for their possible theoretical and practical implications for exegesis of the Bible. The topics range from the various linguistic theories used within biblical linguistics to focused studies upon syntactical markers, nominal elements, the various functions of language, and register studies. Specialists will discover challenging studies, and interested explorers will be challenged to learn more about ancient Hebrew and Greek.
Download or read book On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2005 CoopIS DOA and ODBASE written by R. Meersman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-10-27 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume set LNCS 3760/3761 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the three confederated conferences CoopIS 2005, DOA 2005, and ODBASE 2005 held as OTM 2005 in Agia Napa, Cyprus in October/November 2005. The 89 revised full and 7 short papers presented together with 3 keynote speeches were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 360 submissions. Corresponding with the three OTM 2005 main conferences CoopIS, DOA, and ODBASE, the papers are organized in topical sections on workflow, workflow and business processes, mining and filtering, petri nets and processs management, information access and integrity, heterogeneity, semantics, querying and content delivery, Web services, agents, security, integrity and consistency, chain and collaboration mangement, Web services and service-oriented architectures, multicast and fault tolerance, communication services, techniques for application hosting, mobility, security and data persistence, component middleware, java environments, peer-to-peer computing architectures, aspect oriented middleware, information integration and modeling, query processing, ontology construction, metadata, information retrieval and classification, system verification and evaluation, and active rules and Web services.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Computation Theory written by Erzsébet Csuhaj-Varjú and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-14 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Symposium Fundamentals of Computation Theory, FCT 2007, held in Budapest, Hungary in August 2007. The 39 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 147 submissions. The papers address all current topics in computation theory such as automata and formal languages, design and analysis of algorithms, computational and structural complexity, semantics, logic, algebra and categories in computer science, circuits and networks, learning theory, specification and verification, parallel and distributed systems, concurrency theory, cryptography and cryptograhic protocols, approximation and randomized algorithms, computational geometry, quantum computation and information, bio-inspired computation.
Download or read book All About Maude A High Performance Logical Framework written by Manuel Clavel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-07-19 with total page 799 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maude is a language and system based on rewriting logic. In this comprehensive account, you’ll discover how Maude and its formal tool environment can be used in three mutually reinforcing ways: as a declarative programming language, as an executable formal specification language, and as a formal verification system. Examples used throughout the book illustrate key concepts, features, and the many practical uses of Maude.
