Download or read book Insights Into Cosmological Structure Formation with Machine Learning written by Luisa Lucie-Smith and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our modern understanding of cosmological structure formation posits that small matter density fluctuations present in the early Universe, as traced by the cosmic microwave background, grow via gravitational instability to form extended haloes of dark matter. A theoretical understanding of the structure, evolution and formation of dark matter haloes is an essential step towards unravelling the intricate connection between halo and galaxy formation, needed to test our cosmological model against data from upcoming galaxy surveys. Physical understanding of the process of dark matter halo formation is made difficult by the highly non-linear nature of the haloes' evolution. I describe a new approach to gain physical insight into cosmological structure formation based on machine learning. This approach combines the ability of machine learning algorithms to learn non-linear relationships, with techniques that enable us to physically interpret the learnt mapping. I describe applications of the method, with the aim of investigating which aspects of the early universe density field impact the later formation of dark matter haloes. First I present a case where the process of halo formation is turned into a binary classification problem; the algorithm predicts whether or not dark matter `particles' in the initial conditions of a simulation will collapse into haloes of a given mass range. Second, I present its generalization to regression, where the algorithm infers the final mass of the halo to which each particle will later belong. I show that the initial tidal shear does not play a significant role compared to the initial density field in establishing final halo masses. Finally, I demonstrate that extending the framework to deep learning algorithms such as convolutional neural networks allows us to explore connections between the early universe and late time haloes beyond those studied by existing analytic approximations of halo collapse.
Download or read book Formation of Structure in the Universe written by Avishai Dekel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-04-15 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook provides an up-to-date and comprehensive introduction to the very active field of structure formation in cosmology. It is written by eleven world-leading authorities. Written in a clear and pedagogical style appropriate for graduate students in astronomy and physics, this textbook introduces the reader to a wide range of exciting topics in contemporary cosmology: from recent advances in redshift surveys, to the latest models in gravitational lensing and cosmological simulations. The authors are all world-renowned experts both for their research and teaching skills. In the fast-moving field of structure formation, this book provides advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a welcome textbook which unites the latest theory and observations.
Download or read book Large Scale Structure of the Universe written by Kana Moriwaki and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Line intensity mapping (LIM) is an observational technique that probes the large-scale structure of the Universe by collecting light from a wide field of the sky. This book demonstrates a novel analysis method for LIM using machine learning (ML) technologies. The author develops a conditional generative adversarial network that separates designated emission signals from sources at different epochs. It thus provides, for the first time, an efficient way to extract signals from LIM data with foreground noise. The method is complementary to conventional statistical methods such as cross-correlation analysis. When applied to three-dimensional LIM data with wavelength information, high reproducibility is achieved under realistic conditions. The book further investigates how the trained machine extracts the signals, and discusses the limitation of the ML methods. Lastly an application of the LIM data to a study of cosmic reionization is presented. This book benefits students and researchers who are interested in using machine learning to multi-dimensional data not only in astronomy but also in general applications.
Download or read book Advanced Computing Machine Learning Robotics and Internet Technologies written by Prodipto Das and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structure Formation in the Universe written by Robert G. Crittenden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a series of lectures given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) "Structure Formation in the Universe", held at the Isaac Newton Institute in Cambridge in August, 1999. The ASI was held at a critical juncture in the development of physical cosmology, when a flood of new data concerning the large scale structure of the Universe was just be coming available. There was an air of excitement and anticipation: would the standard theories fit the data, or would new ideas and models be re quired? Cosmology has long been a field of common interest between East and West, with many seminal contributions made by scientists working in the former Soviet Union and Eastern bloc. A major aim of the ASI was to bring together scientists from across the world to discuss exciting recent developments and strengthen links. However, a few months before the meeting it appeared that it might have to be cancelled. The war in the former Yugoslavia escalated and NATO began a protracted bombing cam paign against targets in Kosovo and Serbia. Many scientists felt uneasy about participating in a NATO-funded meeting in this situation. After a great deal of discussion, it was agreed that the developing East West conflict only heightened the need for further communication and that the school should go ahead as planned, but with a special session devoted to discussion of the legitimacy of NATO's actions.
Download or read book A Philosophical Approach Cosmological written by Garrison Clifford Gibson and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is fine for ordinary people that have not drank the kool aid of professional cosmological atheists to consider the Universe from a personal and philosophical viewpoint informed with information from reputable physicists and some perhaps less so in addition to theologians and philosophers. A few physicists and evolution scientists with a legion of herd followers have taken up atheism as a consequence of scientific insight. I do not share that unsupportable line of thinking. Herein are my recent posts related at least generally to the field of cosmology. One might readily compare and contrast select ideas from theology on topics like pre-destination inclusive of macro-cosmic determinism with the opinions about modern physics on pre-determinism in the post-Newtonian era. In this book I have only hit upon such subjects in passing rather than systematically.
Download or read book TOWARD DEEP LEARNING EMULATORS FOR MODELING THE LARGE SCALE STRUCTURE OF THE UNIVERSE written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Multi-billion dollar cosmological surveys are being conducted almost every decade in today's era of precision cosmology. These surveys scan vast swaths of sky and generate tons of observational data. In order to extract meaningful information from this data and test these observations against theory, rigorous theoretical predictions are needed. In the absence of an analytic method, cosmological simulations become the most widely used tool to provide these predictions in order to test against the observations. They can be used to study covariance matrices, generate mock galaxy catalogs and provide ready-to-use snapshots for detailed redshift analyses. But cosmological simulations of matter formation in the universe are one of the most computationally intensive tasks. Faster but equally reliable tools that could approximate these simulations are thus desperately needed. Recently, deep learning has come up as an innovative and novel tool that can generate numerous cosmological simulations orders of magnitude faster than traditional simulations. Deep learning models of structure formation and evolution in the universe are unimaginably fast and retain most of the accuracy of conventional simulations, thus providing a fast, reliable, efficient, and accurate method to study the evolution of the universe and reducing the computational burden of current simulation methods. In this dissertation, we will focus on deep learning-based models that could mimic the process of structure formation in the universe. In particular, we focus on developing deep convolutional neural network models that could learn the present 3D distribution of the cold dark matter and generate 2D dark matter cosmic mass maps. We employ summary statistics most commonly employed in cosmology and computer vision to quantify the robustness of our models.
Download or read book Structure Formation in the Universe written by T. Padmanabhan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides an up-to-date and pedagogical introduction to this exciting area of research.
Download or read book Large Scale Structure Formation written by Reza Mansouri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-08-31 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern Persian word for cosmology is "Keyhan-shenakht", which is also the title of a Persian book written more than 800 years ago. The same term can also be found in Old Persian. In spite of this old tradition, modern cosmology is a new~omer within the scientific disciplines in Iran. The cosmology community' is small and not yet well established. Given the spectacular recent advances in observational and theoretical cosmology, the large amount of new observational data which will become available in the near future, and the rapid expansion of the international cosmology community, it was realized that Iran should play a more active role in the exciting human endeavour which cosmology constitutes. This was the main motivation to establish a School on Cosmology in Iran. The plan is to hold a cosmology school every three years somewhere in Iran. The focus of this First School on Cosmology was chosen to be structure formation, a rapidly evolving cornerstone of modern cosmology. The topics of the school were selected in order to give both a broad overview of the current status of cosmological structure formation, and an in-depth dis cussion of the key issues theory of cosmological perturbations and analysis of cosmic microwave anisotropies. The lectures by Blanchard and Sarkar give an overview of homogeneous cosmological models and standard big bang cosmology. In his contribution, Padmanabhan presents a comprehen sive discussion of the growth of cosmological perturbations.
Download or read book Issues in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Astronomy and Astrophysics / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Planetary Science. The editors have built Issues in Astronomy and Astrophysics: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Planetary Science in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Astronomy and Astrophysics: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Science Unveiled Understanding The Universe written by Amit Rao and published by Global East-West. This book was released on 2024-10-10 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributions of "Science Unveiled" Amit Rao's compelling work, "Science Unveiled," embarks on a profound exploration of diverse scientific realms, articulating the evolution of human comprehension alongside the future trajectories of space exploration and quantum physics. Through this narrative, he meticulously addresses ethical considerations while spotlighting technological innovations essential for humanity's cosmic journey. Rao elucidates the remarkable achievements in space exploration while acknowledging the intricate challenges that confront humanity as it dares to traverse the cosmos. His discourse encapsulates the necessity for a judicious synthesis of scientific advancement and ethical stewardship, ensuring the conservation of the celestial milieu. Herein, we delineate the pivotal contributions of Rao's book to the arena of space exploration and cosmology: Breakthroughs in Cosmological Inquiries: The text invigorates discussions surrounding the ongoing breakthroughs in cosmological investigations, which unveil unprecedented pathways for delving into the cosmic web's intricacies. Rao emphasizes the critical role of sophisticated computational simulations, which facilitate a nuanced understanding of the dynamic evolution of cosmic structures across expansive temporal frameworks. This method seeks to clarify the formation and proliferation of colossal cosmic filaments, clusters, and voids, offering illuminating perspectives on the processes that have shaped the cosmic web through time. Quantum Entanglement and Cosmic Interconnections: A distinguishing facet of the book is its inquiry into quantum entanglement within the broader context of cosmic connectivity. Rao elucidates the tantalizing implications of entangled particles spanning vast cosmic distances, conceiving their potential to provide profound insights into the foundational quantum tapestry of space-time and the universe's intrinsic interconnectedness. Innovative Observational Methodologies: Rao accentuates the pivotal role of avant-garde observational methodologies, such as next-generation telescopes and cutting-edge detectors, in unveiling previously obscured dimensions of the cosmic web. These sophisticated instruments empower researchers to probe distant galaxies, measure subtle gravitational lensing phenomena, and explore the cosmic microwave background radiation, thus illuminating the nuanced fabric of the cosmos. Dynamics of Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Visible Matter: The volume further ventures into the enigmatic dynamics of dark matter, dark energy, and their visible counterparts within the cosmic web. By constructing innovative theoretical models and executing rigorous empirical investigations, scholars aspire to decipher the intricate interactions that govern this cosmic mosaic, thereby enriching our comprehension of the fundamental forces that architect the universe's expansive architecture. Synthesis of Astronomical Data: A salient theme of the work is the salient integration of data from diverse astronomical surveys and experiments, posited as an essential strategy for nurturing a holistic understanding of the universe's large-scale structure. This synthesis not only fosters nuanced discoveries regarding the connectivity within the cosmic web but also fortifies the framework for future cosmological research. Collectively, Rao's contributions to the discourse on cosmology persistently enhance the field, offering novel methodologies and profound insights that deepen our understanding of the universe's intricate structure and ever-evolving dynamics.
Download or read book Quantum Computing written by N.B. Singh and published by N.B. Singh. This book was released on with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Quantum Computing" is a comprehensive and accessible exploration of one of the most exciting and rapidly evolving fields in modern science. Written with both beginners and advanced enthusiasts in mind, this book offers a captivating journey through the world of quantum computing without the need for complex mathematical formulas. With 50 engaging chapters covering a wide range of topics, readers will discover the fascinating principles behind quantum mechanics and how they are harnessed to revolutionize computing, cryptography, telecommunications, and even our understanding of consciousness and the universe itself. From the basics of qubits and superposition to advanced applications like quantum cryptography and artificial intelligence, this book presents complex concepts in a clear and easy-to-understand manner, making it suitable for readers of all backgrounds. Whether you're a curious novice or a seasoned quantum enthusiast, "Quantum Computing" offers a captivating glimpse into the extraordinary possibilities of the quantum world.
Download or read book The Galaxy Disk in Cosmological Context IAU S254 written by International Astronomical Union. Symposium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-16 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paradigm of a dark energy- and dark matter-dominated Universe, with the hierarchical merger scenario for the formation of galaxies, has scored impressive successes in matching the observed Universe. However, the theory fails to explain the difficulty in generating ordinary disk galaxies such as the Milky Way, suggesting that some important physics must be missing in current models. IAU Symposium 254 was organized to address this question, gathering researchers from an unusually broad range of fields, from cosmology to interstellar matter, and the formation and evolution of stars. High-class reviews, lectures and posters combine to define the frontiers in the field and point the way to new avenues of research. This volume presents a unique set of succinct overviews illuminating the full range of topics in this very active field. It also honors Danish astrophysicist Bengt Strömgren (1908-1987), who laid much of the foundation for this entire field.
Download or read book Mocking the Universe written by George Frazer Stein and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efficient generation of accurate mock observations of the sky, tailored specifically to near-future large-scale structure and cosmic microwave background surveys, is a key technical challenge in cosmology. The increasing sensitivity and sky coverage of modern surveys probe unprecedentedly-large cosmological volumes, and when coupled with increases to angular resolution, demand simulations that are accurate to smaller scales, yet cover larger volumes, than ever before. The applications of such simulations are numerous, from performing cosmological parameter analysis, to optimizing survey designs and testing analysis pipelines, to making theoretical predictions, but to adequately perform these tasks requires state-of-the-art accuracy and computational efficiency. In this thesis we develop numerical simulations of cosmological structure formation to create synthetic observations, or mocks, of current and near-future cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure surveys. We first present our development and rigorous validation of the mass-Peak Patch method, a simulation technique to rapidly generate the large-scale structure of cosmological volumes for a fraction of the computational cost of alternative methods. Mass-Peak Patch is then used in union with a number of astrophysical sky models to produce the Websky extragalactic CMB simulations, a publicly released set of synthetic mocks of the extragalactic microwave to infrared sky. Next, we focus on the up-and-coming field of intensity mapping. We construct a suite of carbon monoxide line intensity maps, and use these to forecast the constraints on the CO luminosity function with near-future observations. Both the large data volumes and complicated statistical evaluations involved in standard cosmological analyses of survey data has recently led to the adoption of many machine learning methods throughout the field, and we finish this thesis with an investigation of machine learning methods in cosmology. We first overview machine learning in cosmology and discuss the viability and attractiveness of recently-popularized deep learning techniques, and then construct, train, and validate a convolutional neural network for the purpose of aiding cosmological simulations. Efficient simulation tools such as mass-Peak Patch, accurate mocks such as the Websky extragalactic maps, and machine learning techniques (when applied correctly), will enable precision analysis of the next generation of cosmological data sets.
Download or read book Decoding Starlight with Big Survey Data Machine Learning and Cosmological Simulations written by Kirsten Nicole Blancato and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop new approaches to determine stellar properties, including rotation and surface gravity, from the variability that we directly observe. We offer new insight into the chemical enrichment history of the Milky Way, tracing different stellar explosions, that capture billions of years of evolution. We advance knowledge and understanding of how stars and galaxies are linked, by examining differences in the initial stellar mass distributions comprising galaxies, as they form. In building up this knowledge, we highlight current tensions between data and theory. By synthesizing numerical simulations, large observational data sets, and machine learning techniques, this work makes valuable methodological contributions to maximize insights from diverse ensembles of current and future stellar observations.
Download or read book The Origin of Structure in the Universe written by E. Gunzig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edgard Gunzig and Pasquale Nardone RGGR Universite Libre de Bruxelles CP231 1050 Bruxelles Belgium The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "The Origin of Structure in the Universe" was organized to bring together workers in various aspects of relativistic cosmology with the aim of assessing the present status of our knowledge on the formation and evolution of structure. As it happened, the meeting was particularly timely. Only two days before the 30 or so physicists from many countries gathered for a week at the Chateau du Pont d'Oye, in the forests of the southern Belgian province of Luxembourg, newspaper headlines all over the world announced the results of the analysis of the first full year of data from the Cosmic Background Observer Satellite (COBE). This long-awaited confirmation of the theoretically predicted anisotropy in the microwave background radiation opened a new era in observational cos mology. The realization of the new relevance of the subject of the workshop and the questions raised by the observational results, in addition to bring ing TV crews and newspaper journalists, naturally influenced and stimulated many discussions among the participants. The success of the meeting as usual is due to a combination of factors. Besides the high quality of the talks, discussions were encouraged by the warm atmosphere of the Chateau, for which we are grateful to Mme. Camille Orts, and its beautiful surroundings, not to mention the marvelous cuisine.
Download or read book Structure Formation in the Universe written by Thanu Padmanabhan and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
