Download or read book Insect Pheromones in Plant Protection written by A. R. Jutsum and published by . This book was released on 1989-05-05 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A technical review of the use of pheromones in the control of insect pests in agriculture. It examines the scientific background and chemical manufacture of pheromones and the economic and commercial factors relevant to the introduction of this novel system.
Download or read book Pheromones of Non lepidopteran Insects Associated with Agricultural Plants written by Jim Hardie and published by Cabi. This book was released on 1999 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insect pheromones have tremendous potential for controlling pests, and this volume collects current research on a wide range of insects, including termites, grasshoppers, aphids, scale insects, sawflies, beetles, midges, fruit flies, and bees.
Download or read book Insect Pheromones and their Use in Pest Management written by P. Howse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is now a considerable literature on chemical ecology, which had its beginnings in the study of insect pheromones. This beginning was possible only by combining the disciplines and techniques of biology and chemistry. For a biologist, it is difficult to understand the time frames of analytical and synthetic chemistry. A compound may take days to characterize and be available in minutes from a bottle on the shelf, or it may take years to characterize and synthesize. Chemists have a similar frustration: after an intense programme of work, the insect in question may not emerge for many months. study are, however, The rewards of integrated interdisciplinary considerable, because they allow us to understand many facets of insect behaviour and consequently to control that behaviour for our own ends. In this book, we have set out to explain the results of research from chemical and biological perspectives, and see how the knowledge gained has led to novel techniques that can be used in insect pest management and insect control. An important part of understanding insect chemical ecology involves the understanding not only of new concepts but of the vocabularies used by scientists specializing in different fields. It will be clear that the three sections of this book have been written by three different people: an insect behaviourist, an organic chemist and a biologist in industry.
Download or read book Insect Pheromones and Their Applications Etc written by International Symposium on Insect Pheromones and Their Applications and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insect Pheromone Research written by R.T. Carde and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the "First International Symposium on Insect Pheromones," which was held at Wageningen, The Netherlands, from March 6 to March 11, 1994. Eighty participants from 17 countries attended the symposium, which turned out to be a unique forum for the exchange of the latest worldwide findings on insect pheromones, an opportunity to discuss and debate unsettled issues, and a mechanism to define new directions in pheromone research and foster interdisciplinary collaborations. The meeting comprised five sessions representing the breadth of disciplinary interest in pheromones, a typical charac teristic of this research area. In the sessions the following topics were presented: (1) control of pheromone production (organized by W. L. Roelofs), (2) sensory processing of pheromone signals (T. L. Payne), (3) neuroethology of pheromone mediated responses (T. C. Baker), (4) use of pheromones in direct control (A. K. Minks and R. T. Card6), and (5) evolution of pheromone communication (c. LOfstedt). All sessions started with a series of 30-minute lectures, after which ample time was reserved for discussion. In each session some participants were asked to serve as discussants and to initiate and stimulate discussion, and a rapporteur was recruited to make notes of these discussions and to summarize the general trends emerging from the session. The general program ming of the symposium was in the hands of R. T. Carde, A. K. Minks, and T. L. Payne.
Download or read book Integrated Pest Management IPM written by Harsimran Gill and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an update on environmentally sound pest management practices under the umbrella of integrated pest management (IPM). It consists of seven contributions from different authors providing information on pest management approaches as chemical alternatives. The book chapters detail about historical review of IPM concepts; strategies and some experiences in applications of IPM in Latin America; pest control in organic agricultural system; and the use of entomopathogenic and molluscoparasitic nematodes, insect pheromones, semiochemicals, detergents, and soaps as a part of IPM scheme. The goal of this book is to provide the most up-to-date review on information available around chemical alternatives in IPM. Therefore, this book will equip academia and industry with adequate basic concepts and applications of IPM as eco-friendly pest management option.
Download or read book Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security written by Omkar Ph.D. and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security explores the broad range of opportunity and challenges afforded by Integrated Pest Management systems. The book focuses on the insect resistance that has developed as a result of pest control chemicals, and how new methods of environmentally complementary pest control can be used to suppress harmful organisms while protecting the soil, plants, and air around them. As the world's population continues its rapid increase, this book addresses the production of cereals, vegetables, fruits, and other foods and their subsequent demand increase. Traditional means of food crop production face proven limitations and increasing research is turning to alternative means of crop growth and protection. - Addresses environmentally focused pest control with specific attention to its role in food security and sustainability. - Includes a range of pest management methods, from natural enemies to biomolecules. - Written by experts with extensive real-world experience.
Download or read book Neurobiology of Chemical Communication written by Carla Mucignat-Caretta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-14 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intraspecific communication involves the activation of chemoreceptors and subsequent activation of different central areas that coordinate the responses of the entire organism—ranging from behavioral modification to modulation of hormones release. Animals emit intraspecific chemical signals, often referred to as pheromones, to advertise their presence to members of the same species and to regulate interactions aimed at establishing and regulating social and reproductive bonds. In the last two decades, scientists have developed a greater understanding of the neural processing of these chemical signals. Neurobiology of Chemical Communication explores the role of the chemical senses in mediating intraspecific communication. Providing an up-to-date outline of the most recent advances in the field, it presents data from laboratory and wild species, ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates, from insects to humans. The book examines the structure, anatomy, electrophysiology, and molecular biology of pheromones. It discusses how chemical signals work on different mammalian and non-mammalian species and includes chapters on insects, Drosophila, honey bees, amphibians, mice, tigers, and cattle. It also explores the controversial topic of human pheromones. An essential reference for students and researchers in the field of pheromones, this is also an ideal resource for those working on behavioral phenotyping of animal models and persons interested in the biology/ecology of wild and domestic species.
Download or read book Proceedings of a Symposium on Insect Pheromones and Their Applications written by 日本植物防疫協会 and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Insect Pheromone Changes Plant Behavior written by Nicholas Aflitto and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As demand for agricultural products rapidly grows, so too does the demand for effective biocompatible pest treatments. One area for novel treatments that has illustrated promise is the use of semiochemicals to alter the behavior of pest insects. By using these message-carrying compounds, growers can safely attract target insects to traps, repel them from areas under management, or simply confuse them. Currently, the semiochemicals used are typically derived from the pest insects such as pheromones, however insects detect and respond to a diversity of cues. Recent research has shown that the odors of predators can also elicit a strong response in prey, leading to questions about their use to protect crop plants such as; can the synthetic cues of predators be effectively deployed as a crop treatment? Even broader, semiochemical treatments can also provide important information for other trophic levels in a system such as the plants we are often attempting to protect. This multiple trophic effect highlights the potential of expanding semiochemical treatments beyond just the target pest. Many compounds in the biosphere are shared across trophic levels and this phenomenon may be exploited to both meet management goals and to improve our understanding of the sensory ecology of systems. The overarching goal for this dissertation was to learn how certain compounds affect multiple organisms in an agricultural setting and to develop and test the use of a synthetic predator pheromone treatment for reducing pest damage. To meet this goal, much had to be learned about the organisms involved and in doing so, unexpected and fascinating discoveries were made along the way. The study system involved Solanum tuberosum, the most damaging insect pest of S. tuberosum and other Solanum crops Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Colorado potato beetle), and their widely distributed predator, the Podisus maculiventris (Say) (spined soldier bug). Building on previous research in this system and after numerous trials, it was established that a large pheromone gland, the dorsal abdominal gland, contained within the predator was eliciting the strongest response in the beetle prey. In the first chapter, I set out to learn more about the development of the dorsal abdominal gland (DAG) and the release behavior of the gland contents. First, P. maculiventris were dissected at three adult stages and the chemical composition and amount of each compound was quantified. This revealed that the glands are not formed within 24 hours post eclosure and were mostly formed after seven days. After learning about the physiology of the gland development, the pheromone release behavior was investigated next. Through trials using VOC dataloggers, we found that no pheromone releases were detected in the newly eclosed adults and that the majority of the mature adult volatile chemical releases occurred in a scotophase pattern. These findings add new information about the development of exocrine glands in Pentatomidae and improve our understanding of how odors from the P. maculiventris modulate species interactions in cropping systems. The ephemeral properties of the DAG semiochemical also help explain some of the variability in treatment effect noted in past tests using live P. maculiventris as an odor source. In chapter 2, I field tested the use of live predators as an odor source and compared L. decemlineata response to a synthetic dorsal abdominal gland formulation in open dispersion release devices. During this preliminary work of deploying the treatments in the field, a period of time was spent piloting various release devices to find a functional, safe, and economical option to administer the synthetic P. maculiventris pheromone. Across two field seasons the results showed that feeding damage by L. decemlineata was 22 percent lower in predator odor treated plots, however the effect varied over the season, and in the second year the treatment effect was lost. Interestingly, the synthetic predator pheromone reduced plant damage more consistently than the live predator treatment. These results suggest that temporal patterns of predator cue release and strength may drive the prey's response across the season, and that the synthetic pheromone dispensers may be a viable option to modify pest insect behavior in agricultural systems. Following the promising field results, in Chapter 3 I set out to better describe the mechanisms behind the prey response in order to optimize the synthetic predator dispensers. Most all organisms enact protective measures to reduce the chance of being consumed. Analogous to the concept of trophic cascade, we have generally considered the cues that are responsible for eliciting anti-predation behavior to follow a downward linear path, where the cues emanating from higher trophic levels cascade downward to prey. However, the role of basal trophic levels such as plants and their own ability to sense and respond to their environment has the potential to influence prey. I used lab and field experiments to ask if the predator pheromone alters plant quality and reduces the performance of L. decemlineata. I found evidence that the predator pheromone induces a defensive response in plants and reduces herbivore prey presence at all life stages and the amount of plant material they consume. The results expand our understanding of species interactions by considering the movement of sensory information, where the cues released from an insect predator are preceived by a plant, which has a negative effect on an herbivorous prey species. In light of these findings, we use the term indirect non-consumptive effects to describe predator-prey interactions where predatory sensory cues affect prey through another trophic level. Intrigued by the behavioral changes in the plant that were elicited by the predator pheromone, in Chapter 4 I fractionated the pheromone to better understand the plant response. Of the 5 primary compounds in the pheromone blend, 2 of the compounds are also shared with S. tuberosum as green leaf volatiles. Green leaf volatiles are released aerially from nearly all green plants when damaged that are then available for other portions of the plant and neighboring plants to detect and prepare for a potential damage agent via priming of plant defensive metabolites. My hypothesis was that the portion of the predator pheromone that is shared with plant green leaf volatiles was responsible for behavioral changes in the plant. The results supported the hypothesis, where the blend containing cues that are also shared with the plant was responsible for eliciting the greatest response in S. tuberosum and L. decemlineata. More broadly, this work emphasized how certain sensory cues in natural and managed systems are pervasive and used by multiple interacting trophic levels. I discuss the potential of applying shared cues, as opposed to a single target organism-based treatments, to achieve a magnified effect beyond a single target trophic level.
Download or read book Handbook of Natural Pesticides written by N. Bhushan Mandava and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook series includes several naturally occurring chemicals that exhibit biological activity. These chemicals are derived from plants, insects, and several microorganisms. Volume I of this series is covers the theory and practice of the strategies for pest control and methods for detection.Moreover, it presents extensive tables that provide the information you need to select the most appropriate bioassay for a particular plant growth regulator or hormone. In addition to the chapters on bioassays, Volume I provides a solid introduction to the theory and practice of natural pesticide use, including in-depth discussions of integrated management systems for weed and pest control, the state-of-the-art use of computers in pest management, and allelochemicals as natural protection. Guidelines on toxicological testing and EPA regulation of natural pesticides are also detailed.
Download or read book Proceedings of Symposium on Insect Pheromones and Their Applications Nagoka and Tokyo December 8 11 1976 written by Symposium on Insect Pheromones and their Application and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insect Pheromones and Other Behaviour modifying Chemicals Applications and Regulation written by R. L. Ridgway and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insect Pest Management written by A. Rami Horowitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores ecologically sound and innovative techniques in insect pest management in field and protected crops. From a general overview of pest management to new biorational insecticides such as insect growth regulators, and new strategies to reduce resistance, the coverage is entirely up-to-date. Other chapters describe advances in pest management of important crops such as cotton, corn, oilseed rape and various vegetables.
Download or read book Insect Pheromones and their Use in Pest Management written by P. Howse and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is now a considerable literature on chemical ecology, which had its beginnings in the study of insect pheromones. This beginning was possible only by combining the disciplines and techniques of biology and chemistry. For a biologist, it is difficult to understand the time frames of analytical and synthetic chemistry. A compound may take days to characterize and be available in minutes from a bottle on the shelf, or it may take years to characterize and synthesize. Chemists have a similar frustration: after an intense programme of work, the insect in question may not emerge for many months. study are, however, The rewards of integrated interdisciplinary considerable, because they allow us to understand many facets of insect behaviour and consequently to control that behaviour for our own ends. In this book, we have set out to explain the results of research from chemical and biological perspectives, and see how the knowledge gained has led to novel techniques that can be used in insect pest management and insect control. An important part of understanding insect chemical ecology involves the understanding not only of new concepts but of the vocabularies used by scientists specializing in different fields. It will be clear that the three sections of this book have been written by three different people: an insect behaviourist, an organic chemist and a biologist in industry.
Download or read book Pheromones in Integrated Pest Management written by K. Krishnaiah and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecotoxicology written by Peter T. Haskell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the original initiative of the International Organisation for Biological Control some 15 years ago, research groups and agrochemical companies have been investigating the effects of pesticides on beneficial organisms, devising laboratory and field test methods and lately developing protocols for regulatory testing requirements in Europe. This work, and the application of agreed protocols for testing, is of crucial importance to the environmentally acceptable use of pesticides and to the further development of Integrated Pest Management systems, and the objective of this book is to review the origins and progress of the research - what has been accomplished, what is the current position and what still needs to be done.
