Download or read book Input Shortages in Mixed Economies written by Ms.Ratna Sahay and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-06-01 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widespread shortages in key inputs are common in mixed economies of developing countries. These shortages appear to occur at the same time that relatively high rates of capacity underutilization in manufacturing industries are observed. This paper develops a simple model which explains the existence of excess capacity when there are quantitative restrictions on key inputs. This model is tested using data for manufacturing industries in India, and the results indicate that shortages in domestic rather than imported inputs imposed binding constraints on capacity utilization rates.
Download or read book Introduction to Business written by Lawrence J. Gitman and published by . This book was released on 2024-09-16 with total page 1455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Business covers the scope and sequence of most introductory business courses. The book provides detailed explanations in the context of core themes such as customer satisfaction, ethics, entrepreneurship, global business, and managing change. Introduction to Business includes hundreds of current business examples from a range of industries and geographic locations, which feature a variety of individuals. The outcome is a balanced approach to the theory and application of business concepts, with attention to the knowledge and skills necessary for student success in this course and beyond. This is an adaptation of Introduction to Business by OpenStax. You can access the textbook as pdf for free at openstax.org. Minor editorial changes were made to ensure a better ebook reading experience. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade liberalization in developing countries is frequently opposed on the grounds that, because it is likely to cause a deterioration in the external balance, it may not be a viable policy option for countries facing foreign exchange constraints. Recent literature suggests, however, an ambiguous relationship between tariff changes and the current account. This paper shows that if liberalization involves reducing tariffs on imported intermediate inputs (a reform that has figured prominently in developing countries), then the current account may improve or deteriorate, depending on the level of initial trade distortions and the structure of the economy.[JEL F13, F32, F41]
Download or read book Red Plenty written by Francis Spufford and published by Graywolf Press. This book was released on 2012-02-14 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Spufford cunningly maps out a literary genre of his own . . . Freewheeling and fabulous." —The Times (London) Strange as it may seem, the gray, oppressive USSR was founded on a fairy tale. It was built on the twentieth-century magic called "the planned economy," which was going to gush forth an abundance of good things that the lands of capitalism could never match. And just for a little while, in the heady years of the late 1950s, the magic seemed to be working. Red Plenty is about that moment in history, and how it came, and how it went away; about the brief era when, under the rash leadership of Khrushchev, the Soviet Union looked forward to a future of rich communists and envious capitalists, when Moscow would out-glitter Manhattan and every Lada would be better engineered than a Porsche. It's about the scientists who did their genuinely brilliant best to make the dream come true, to give the tyranny its happy ending. Red Plenty is history, it's fiction, it's as ambitious as Sputnik, as uncompromising as an Aeroflot flight attendant, and as different from what you were expecting as a glass of Soviet champagne.
Download or read book The Quality of Governance written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-11-01 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper argues that the development of human capital in the public sector should be an important ingredient in any proposed set of “second-generation” reforms for Africa. In the post-colonial era the quality of governance has seriously declined, and the stock of human capital in the public sector has been eroded by a flight of human capital from many countries in response to compression of wages. The paper develops a simple theoretical framework to discuss these issues and the continent’s experience with foreign technical assistance in supplementing the low level of domestic human capital.
Download or read book Models of Disequilibrium and Shortage in Centrally Planned Economies written by C.M. Davis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The centrally planned economies (CPEs) of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe have experienced severe imbalances in domestic and external markets over the past several decades. As a result, they have been chronically afflicted by problems such as excess demand, repressed inflation, deficits of commodities, queues, waiting lists, and forced savings. Economists have responded to these phenomena by developing appropriate theoretical and empirical models of CPEs. Of particular note have been the pioneering studies of Richard Portes on disequilibrium econometric models and Janos Kornai on the shortage economy. Each approach has attracted followers who have produced numerous, innovative macro- and microeconomic models of Poland, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, and the USSR. These models have proved to be of considerable value in the analysis of the causes, consequences and remedies of disequilibrium phenomena. Inevitably, the new research has also generated controversies both between and within the schools of shortage and disequilibrium modelling, concerning the fundamental nature of the socialist economy, theoretical concepts and definitions, the specification of models, estimation techniques, interpretation of empirical findings, and policy recommend ations. Furthermore, the research effort has been energetic but incomplete, so many gaps exist in the field.
Download or read book Research Activities of the IMF January 1991 December 1998 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-09-24 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A selective index of major research papers prepared by IMF staff in 1991-98.
Download or read book Research Activities of the IMF January 1991 December 1999 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research activity in the IMF emphasizes the links between the organization's policy and operational concerns. The main objectives of research is IMF staff understanding of policy and operational issues relevant to the institution, and to improve the analytical quality of the work prepared for management and the Executive Board and the advice provided to member countries. The scope of research in the IMF is defined by the purposes and functions of the institution. In order to foster innovation and ensure quality control, the IMF makes much of its research available outside the institution and encourages staff to interact with academia and other research organizations through conferences, seminars, and occasional joint research projects. The visiting scholar’s program has also enhanced the quality of research done in the IMF. This program brings in leading members of the economics profession from around the world to assist in the preparation of papers for the Executive Board and to conduct research on IMF-related issues.
Download or read book Dynamics of the Mixed Economy written by Sanford Ikeda and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamics of the Mixed Economy applies the insights of modern Austrian political economy to examine economic policy in mixed economies. It compares and contrasts standard approaches to the growth of the state (including public choice) with that of modern Austrian political economy; examines in detail the nature and operation of the interventionist process in the context of nationalization, regulation and the welfare state; analyzes conditions that produce instability under laissez-faire capitalism; argues that the interventionist process is a 'spontaneous order'; and offers several 'pattern predictions' regarding the character and behaviour of really existing economies.
Download or read book Cuba Land Ownership and Agricultural Laws Handbook written by IBP USA and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2015-06 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cuba Land Ownership and Agricultural Laws Handbook - Strategic Information and Basicl Regulations
Download or read book A Modern Guide to Energy Economics written by Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2024-08-06 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a sharp focus on sustainability, this book offers a nuanced understanding of the intricate interplay between economics and the evolving energy landscape. Editors Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Ehsan Rasoulinezhad, and Naoyuki Yoshino bring together a diverse range of authors to address emerging priorities in the energy sector, such as energy transitions and sustainability, energy security, energy finance, and investment.
Download or read book Economics for Managers written by Janardhan Upadhya P and published by Notion Press. This book was released on 2017-11-17 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economics for Managers or Managerial Economics is a comprehensive text book written in the light of UGC guidelines for students of BBA, BBM, BBS, MBA, MCom, MA(Eco), AIMA and other similar courses offered by Indian universities and management institutions. Economics concepts have been explained in simple language for easy understanding. The book is available in two parts that cover both the theoretical and practical aspects of managerial economics and Indian Economy. It presents a complete, rigorous and in-depth study of concepts, tools and principles of microeconomics along with numerous case studies and problems that help management students apply these principles in business decision making. The book also includes the following practical aspects: • Solved case studies pertaining to budget allocations for advertisement to improve the demand for a product, cost-price nexus, revenue analysis, elasticities in decision making, price elasticities, cross elasticities and break-even analysis • Detailed examples of different types of pricing like skimming, penetration pricing, price discrimination, incremental pricing, growth maximization with managerial discretion, etc. • The study of demand elasticity for a product when there is a price increase or price decrease and demand forecasting by assessing the demand for a product or a service using any method. Additional features included are: • Problems on Break-even analysis, Cost and Revenue analysis, Theory of Production, Consumer behaviour, Elasticity of demand problems, etc. • Solved VTU question paper problems and solved case studies including the year 2016
Download or read book Bibliographie der Wirtschaftswissenschaften written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 978 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Resources Production and Structural Dynamics written by Mauro L. Baranzini and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New approach to the economic theory of resources, showing the positive role that scarcities can play in triggering economic growth.
Download or read book Economic Growth and Environmental Sustainability written by Paul Ekins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-01-04 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key area of public policy in the last twenty years is the question of how, and how much, to protect vthe environment. At the heart of this has been the heated debate over the nature of the relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability. Is environemental sustainability economic growth or `green growth', a contradiction in terms? Avoiding the confusion that often surrounds these issues, Ekins provides rigorous expositions of the concept of sustainability, integrated environmental and economic accounting, the Environmental Kuznets Curve, the economics of climate change and environmental taxation. Individual chapters are organised as self-contained, state-of-the-art expositions of the core issues of environmental economics, with extensive cross-referencing from one chapter to another, in order to guide the student or policy-maker through these complex problems. Paul Ekins breaks new ground in defining the conditions of compatibility between economic growth and environmental sustainability, and provides measures and criteria by which the environmental sustainability of economic growth, as it occurs in the real world, may be judged. It is argued that `green growth' is not only theoretically possible but economically achievable and the authors show what environmental and economic policies are required to achieve this. Economic Growth and Environmental Sustainability will be welcolmed by students of and researchers in environmental economics and environmental studies, as well as all interested policy-makers.
Download or read book Bibliographie der Staats und Wirtschaftswissenschaften written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global carbon footprints written by Christian Solli and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing public, media and policy interest in the concepts of carbon footprints and the emissions associated with international trade. Many wonder if our growing consumption of imported products offsets our gains in climate policy. A variety of publications suggest that emission reductions in rich countries are offset by increased imports; i.e. our national carbon footprint is growing while our territorial emissions are getting smaller. Some refute this claim stating that the methods and data are unreliable, while others acknowledge the issue but argue it is not important for climate policy. This report aims to dispel some myths about carbon footprints and trade-adjusted emission inventories. A review of studies finds large variations between studies of the Nordic countries, but closer inspection shows that many of the variations are due to inconsistent definitions and non-comparable methods. Calculations using a consistent global model provide updated estimates for the Nordic countries in 1997, 2001, and 2004. A general observation for the Nordic countries is that the overall carbon footprint is larger than territorial based emissions, and that the difference is increasing. Further we also observe an increase in the total carbon footprint from 2001 to 2004. This stresses the need for policy makers to track the cause-effect chains between consumption and production to understand and mitigate potential carbon leakage. The study was carried out by researchers from CICERO and MiSA and was financed by the Nordic Council of Ministers.
