Download or read book Innovation Capital Accumulation and Economic Transition written by Christian Keuschnigg and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Innovation Capital Accumulation and Economic Development written by John C. H. Fei and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Theory of Technological Change and Economic Growth written by Dr Stanislaw Gomulka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-12-05 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this wide ranging exposition of the various economic theories of technological change, Stanislaw Gomulka relates them to rates of growth experienced by different economies in both the short and the long term. Analysis of countries as diverse as Japan, the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom demonstrates that there is an interdependence between technological change and the institutional and cultural characteristics of different countries, which can have a profound effect on their rates of growth. All of the major, relevant models are discussed, including those of Kuznets and Phelps, but throughout the emphasis is on the creation of a unified theoretical framework to help explain the impact of technological progress on both a micro and a macro scale.

Download or read book New Theories in Growth and Development written by Frank Hahn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-06 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection offers a stimulating and insightful overview of the main issues affecting long-term economic growth. The novelty of this book is that it brings together two strands of economic literature, growth and development theories. The communication between different approaches is crucial as it is increasingly understood that growth hinges upon institutional and policy aspects that are generally neglected in the stylized models of growth but highly relevant for developing countries. Government policies and institution design become central to the explanation of divergent growth paths.

Download or read book Innovation Shortfalls written by William Francis Maloney and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a common perception that low productivity or low growth is due to what can be called an "innovation shortfall," usually identified as a low rate of investment in research and development (R&D) when compared with some high innovation countries. The usual reaction to this perceived problem is to call for increases in R&D investment rates, usually specifying a target that can be as high as 3 percent of GDP. The problem with this analysis is that it fails to see that a low R&D investment rate may be appropriate given the economy's pattern of specialization, or may be just one manifestation of more general problems that impede accumulation of all kinds of capital. How can we know when a country suffers from an innovation shortfall above and beyond the ones that should be expected given the country's specialization and accumulation patterns? This is the question the authors tackle in this paper. First, they show a simple way to estimate the R&D gap that can be explained by a country's specialization pattern, illustrating it for the case of Chile. For this country they find that although its specialization in natural-resource-intensive sectors explains part of its R&D gap, a significant shortfall remains. Second, the authors show how a calibrated model can be used to determine the R&D gap that should be expected given a country's investment in physical and human capital. If the actual R&D gap is above this expected gap, then one can say that the country suffers from a true innovation shortfall.

Download or read book Theories of Technical Change and Investment written by Chidem Kurdas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Technology is becoming ever more widely recognised as the crucial element in the explanation of economic growth and business fluctuations. Yet the relationship between investors' rationality and investment strategy remains ill understood, and is often constructed in contradictory fashion. Chidem Kurdas's lucid exploration of the problem provides the basis for a synthesis that should prove extremely useful: it is the most original book if its kind that I know.' Professor Heilbroner, The New School for Social Research, New York What is involved in the rational calculation behind the decision to invest and innovate? This book compares the different answers given to this question, from the early classics to recent new classical and new institutionalist models, in a both rigorous and accessible way.

Download or read book The Last Technological Innovations and Its Effects on Growth Process Labor Market and Society written by Gül Ekinci and published by Livre de Lyon. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovation, generally based on curiosity and intuition, is defined as a discovery, invention and an R&D process that brings solutions to a social, environmental and technological problem and also that creates value and meets communal needs in product, process, market, organizational and socialfields. All over the world, investments are based on capital accumulation; the idea of having more output with less input is based on production info; and technologies, production volume, the rise of motivation are based on labor force and therefore, they are all accepted as indicators of economic growth. Capital accumulation, technological developments and increase in labor force constitute the main dynamics of growth of the global world economy. Technological progress doesn’t only provide high output and productivity but it also creates economic growth. Since growth in economic sense corresponds to the rise in tools and products that are used to meet human needs, innovations create new employment and business lines at this point. On the other hand; innovations, in social sense, fight against poverty, inequality and also exclusion being related to them. Innovations offer technological, effective, productive and sustainable solutions to these problems in social sense. While developed countries that are more advanced in technology and economic growth, constitute only one fifth of the world population, they use four of five of the world resources and therefore, the gap between developing countries and them is increasing everyday. This situation is seen as an obstacle in front of the aim of a sustainable world. Since the direction of technological innovation is determined by social and economic needs, innovation types such as radical (disruptive), incremental, contrary, operational and marketing innovations create an effect of leverage with its niche role in sustainable development. Many problems, which are untouched in economic, social and technological senses and also which are seen desperate to solve, can only be solved through paradigm-shifting and disruptive (radical) innovations that should be applied in a way that will break the existing taboos. Disruptive innovations create new business lines by bringing radical solutions for the problems that seem unsolvable and stepwise (incremental, staggered) innovations strenghten the sub-innovations in these new businesslines. At this point; opening the way for innovations, attaching importance to creative ideas to increase efficiency, evaluating the contribution of innovation and also managing the processes well are quite important in innovation management. The authors in this book consider innovations in different fields by evaluating the effects of innovations on labor market, society and economy in order to manage the process well and contribute to it

Download or read book The Economics of Research and Development written by Anwar Shah and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey and synthesis of the theoretical and empirical literature on the economics of research and development.

Download or read book Financial Development and Industrial Capital Accumulation written by Biagio Bossone and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There may be a compelling discontinuity to financial sector development in that banks need to be supported early in development but need to be "weakened" later, at the expense of bank rents, to foster further development. The important question for policy is when and how to generate and manage this discontinuity so that it is not forced on society by costly and traumatic events such as bank failures.

Download or read book Globalization Economic Growth and Innovation Dynamics written by Paul J.J. Welfens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-10-19 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the new global economy, more countries have opened up to international competition and rapid capital flows. However, in the triad the process of globalization is rather asymmetric. With a rising role of multinational companies there are favorable prospects for higher global growth and economic catching-up, respectively. Theoretical analysis suggests key ingredients of sustained growth, but there is also a new concept of a long-term equilibrium income gap in which convergence is rather unlikely. The analysis also picks up European and US labor market issues in the context of economic globalization and raises the question of which EU policies in the field of labor market reform and of innovation policies are adequate.

Download or read book Phases of Economic Development and the Transitional Dynamics of an Innovation Education Growth Model written by Maurizio Iacopetta and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper extends earlier analysis of the transitional dynamics of a growth model in which both human capital and innovation drive income expansion. Funke and Strulik [2000]. On endogenous growth with physical capital, human capital and product variety. European Economic Review 44 [491-515] suggest that the typical advanced economy follows three development phases, characterized in a temporal order by physical capital accumulation, human capital formation, and innovation, and that the transitional dynamics of the model reproduce such a sequencing. I argue that other sequences of the phases of development are possible and show that the model can generate a trajectory in which innovation precedes human capital formation. This trajectory accords with the observation that the rise in formal education followed with a considerable lag the process of industrialization. U.S. income and educational time series data are used to corroborate the innovation-education trajectory.

Download or read book The Economics of Growth written by Philippe Aghion and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2024-09-17 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, rigorous, and up-to-date introduction to growth economics that presents all the major growth paradigms and shows how they can be used to analyze the growth process and growth policy design. This comprehensive introduction to economic growth presents the main facts and puzzles about growth, proposes simple methods and models needed to explain these facts, acquaints the reader with the most recent theoretical and empirical developments, and provides tools with which to analyze policy design. The treatment of growth theory is fully accessible to students with a background no more advanced than elementary calculus and probability theory; the reader need not master all the subtleties of dynamic programming and stochastic processes to learn what is essential about such issues as cross-country convergence, the effects of financial development on growth, and the consequences of globalization. The book, which grew out of courses taught by the authors at Harvard and Brown universities, can be used both by advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and as a reference for professional economists in government or international financial organizations. The Economics of Growth first presents the main growth paradigms: the neoclassical model, the AK model, Romer's product variety model, and the Schumpeterian model. The text then builds on the main paradigms to shed light on the dynamic process of growth and development, discussing such topics as club convergence, directed technical change, the transition from Malthusian stagnation to sustained growth, general purpose technologies, and the recent debate over institutions versus human capital as the primary factor in cross-country income differences. Finally, the book focuses on growth policies—analyzing the effects of liberalizing market competition and entry, education policy, trade liberalization, environmental and resource constraints, and stabilization policy—and the methodology of growth policy design. All chapters include literature reviews and problem sets. An appendix covers basic concepts of econometrics.

Download or read book The Science of Economic Development and Growth The Theory of Factor Proportions written by C.C. Onyemelukwe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A theoretical framework aiming to facilitate study of development economics. The author presents his theory in three sections: how advanced nations developed; a proposed third dimension, in addition to labour and capital; and why capital accumulation is unnecessary, even potentially harmful.

Download or read book Innovation and Regional Growth in the European Union written by Riccardo Crescenzi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-17 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the EU’s regional growth dynamics and, in particular, the reasons why peripheral and socio-economically disadvantaged areas have persistently failed to catch up with the rest of the Union. It shows that the capability of the knowledge-based growth model to deliver its expected benefits to these areas crucially depends on tackling a specific set of socio-institutional factors which prevents innovation from being effectively translated into economic growth. The book takes an eclectic approach to the territorial genesis of innovation and regional growth by combining different theoretical strands into one model of empirical analysis covering the whole EU-25. An in-depth comparative analysis with the United States is also included, providing significant insights into the distinctive features of the European process of innovation and its territorial determinants. The evidence produced in the book is extensively applied to the analysis of EU development policies.

Download or read book Cycles Crises Innovation written by Jerry Courvisanos and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Reflection on the "history of opinion", and its application to our contemporary world and controversies over technology and our environmental difficulties, is the distinguishing feature of the thoughtful economist. If the reader of this book is moved to reflect on the work of Schumpeter and Kalecki, the author of this book will have succeeded. Even more important than this, if the reader of this book comes to a changed and deeper understanding of how technology changes in our faltering capitalist economies, and of how the environment is affected by production and may be improved with better ways of satisfying our personal and productive needs, then the author will have done an even greater service to his profession and humanity.' From the foreword by Jan Toporowski, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK 'Jerry Courvisanos provides us with a timely analysis of the forces behind the crises of capitalism and the tendency towards ecologically unsustainable growth. He draws on the work of two of most creative, if not most recognized, economists of the 20th Century, Michal Kalecki and Joseph Schumpeter. In place of mainstream analysis with its emphasis on marginal conditions for optimisation around well-defined equilibrium, we have a world of innovation, structural change, creative destruction, business cycles, financial crises, changing income distribution and many other inconvenient developments that plague modern economies.' From the foreword by Harry Bloch, Curtin University, Australia Cycles, crises and innovation are the major economic forces that shape capitalist economies. Using a critical realist political economy approach, the analysis in this fine work is based on the works of Micha Kalecki and Joseph Schumpeter both of whom identify these three dynamic forces as plotting the path of economic development. Jerry Courvisanos' thought-provoking book examines how the rise of capital through investment enshrines innovation in profit and power which in turn determines the course of cycles and crises. The author concludes by arguing for strategic intervention by transformative eco-innovation as a public policy path to ecologically sustainable development. This interdisciplinary book will appeal to economists, innovation and entrepreneurship-based scholars, postgraduate students studying the political economy of both innovation and entrepreneurship, regional development planners and economic development policymakers. Anyone with a general interest in economics, politics and innovation or looking for a path out of the economic and ecological morass of current capitalism, will also find much to interest them in this book.

Download or read book Multisector Growth Models written by Terry L. Roe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-03 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this book is to advance the state of the art in specifying and ?tting to data structural multi-sector dynamic macroeconomic models, and empirically implementing them. The fundamental construct upon which we build is the Ramsey model. A most attractive feature of this model is the insights it provides into the dynamics of an economy in tr- sition to long-run equilibrium. With some exceptions, Ramsey models are highly aggregated – typically single sector models. However, interest often lies in understanding the forces of e- nomic growth across multiple sectors of an economy and on how policy impacts likely play out over time. Such analyses call for moredisaggregatedmodelsthatcanbe?ttocountryorregional data.Thisbookshowshowto:(i)extendthebasicmodeltom- tiple sectors, (ii) how to adapt the basic model to account for policy instruments, and (iii) ?t the model to data, and obtain equilibrium values both forward and backward in time from the data points to which the model is initially ?t.

Download or read book Institutions and Market Economies written by W. Garside and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-11-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a timely reminder of the more fundamental determinants of capital accumulation and innovation. It provides a mixture of conceptual, empirical, historical and methodological approaches to the relationship between institutions, institutional change and economic development.