Download or read book Fundamentals of Infrared Detector Materials written by Michael A. Kinch and published by SPIE Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The choice of available infrared (IR) detectors for insertion into modern IR systems is both large and confusing. The purpose of this volume is to provide a technical database from which rational IR detector selection criteria evolve, and thus clarify the options open to the modern IR system designer. Emphasis concentrates mainly on high-performance IR systems operating in a tactical environment, although there also is discussion of both strategic environments and low- to medium-performance system requirements.
Download or read book Infrared Detectors written by Antonio Rogalski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-11-15 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised and reorganized while retaining the approachable style of the first edition, Infrared Detectors, Second Edition addresses the latest developments in the science and technology of infrared (IR) detection. Antoni Rogalski, an internationally recognized pioneer in the field, covers the comprehensive range of subjects necessary to un
Download or read book Antimonide based Infrared Detectors written by Antoni Rogalski and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2017-09 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Among the many materials investigated in the infrared (IR) field, narrow-gap semiconductors are the most important in IR photon detector family. Although the first widely used narrow-gap materials were lead salts (during the 1950s, IR detectors were built using single-element-cooled PbS and PbSe photoconductive detectors, primary for anti-missile seekers), this semiconductor family was not well distinguished. This situation seems to have resulted from two reasons: the preparation process of lead salt photoconductive polycrystalline detectors was not well understood and could only be reproduced with well-tried recipes; and the theory of narrow-gap semiconductor bandgap structure was not well known for correct interpretation of the measured transport and photoelectrical properties of these materials"--
Download or read book State of the art Infrared Detector Technology written by Michael A. Kinch and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines both the current and future performance of infrared focal plane arrays that use the various device architectures associated with these two materials technologies. All spectral bands from long wavelength (LWIR) through mid-wavelength (MWIR) to short wavelength (SWIR) are considered, with a view to achieving background and diffraction-limited system performance at room temperature for all wavelengths.
Download or read book Handbook of Infrared Detection Technologies written by M. Henini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-12-11 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction -- Comparison of Photon and Thermal Detectors Performance -- GaAs/AIGaAs Based Quantum Well Intra-red Photodetector Focal Plane Arrays -- GaInAs(P) Based Qwips on GaAs, InP and Si Substrates for Focal Plane Arrays -- InAs/(Galn)Sb Superlattices: A Promising Material System for Infra-red Detection -- GaSb/InAs Superlattices for Infra-red FPAs -- MCT Properties, Growth Methods and Characterization -- HgCdTe 2D Arrays -- Technology and Performance Limits -- Status of HgCdTe MBE Technology -- Silicon Infra-red Focal Plane Arrays -- PolySiGe Uncooled Microbolometers for Thermal Infra-red Detection -- Infra-red Silicon/Germanium Detectors -- Fundamentals of Spin Filtering in Ferromagnetic Metals with Application to Spin Sensors.
Download or read book Infrared Detectors and Emitters Materials and Devices written by Peter Capper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date view of the various detector/emitter materials systems currently in use or being actively researched. The book is aimed at newcomers and those already working in the IR industry. It provides both an introductory text and a valuable overview of the entire field.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Infrared and Visible Detector Operation and Testing written by John David Vincent and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a comprehensive introduction to the selection, operation, and testing of infrared devices, including a description of modern detector assemblies and their operation This book discusses how to use and test infrared and visible detectors. The book provides a convenient reference for those entering the field of IR detector design, test or use, those who work in the peripheral areas, and those who teach and train others in the field. Chapter 1 contains introductory material. Radiometry is covered in Chapter 2. The author examines Thermal detectors in Chapter 3; the “Classical” photon detectors – simple photoconductors and photovoltaics in Chapter 4; and “Modern Photon Detectors” in Chapter 5. Chapters 6 through 8 consider respectively individual elements and small arrays of elements the “readouts” (ROICs) used with large imaging arrays; and Electronics for FPA Operation and Testing. The Test Set and The Testing Process are analyzed in Chapters 9 and 10, with emphasis on uncertainty and trouble shooting. Chapters 11 through 15 discuss related skills, such as Uncertainty, Cryogenics, Vacuum, Optics, and the use of Fourier Transforms in the detector business. Some highlights of this new edition are that it Discusses radiometric nomenclature and calculations, detector mechanisms, the associated electronics, how these devices are tested, and real-life effects and problems Examines new tools in Infrared detector operations, specifically: selection and use of ROICs, electronics for FPA operation, operation of single element and very small FPAs, microbolometers, and multi-color FPAs Contains five chapters with frequently sought-after information on related subjects, such as uncertainty, optics, cryogenics, vacuum, and the use of Fourier mathematics for detector analyses Fundamentals of Infrared and Visible Detector Operation and Testing, Second Edition, provides the background and vocabulary necessary to help readers understand the selection, operation, and testing of modern infrared devices.
Download or read book 2D Materials for Infrared and Terahertz Detectors written by Antoni Rogalski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-25 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2D Materials for Infrared and Terahertz Detectors provides an overview of the performance of emerging detector materials, while also offering, for the first time, a comparison with traditional materials used in the fabrication of infrared and terahertz detectors. Since the discovery of graphene, its applications to electronic and optoelectronic devices have been intensively researched. The extraordinary electronic and optical properties allow graphene and other 2D materials to be promising candidates for infrared (IR) and terahertz (THz) photodetectors, and yet it appears that the development of new detectors using these materials is still secondary to those using traditional materials. This book explores this phenomenon, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using 2D materials. Special attention is directed toward the identification of the most-effective hybrid 2D materials in infrared and terahertz detectors, as well as future trends. Written by one of the world’s leading researchers in the field of IR optoelectronics, this book will be a must-read for researchers and graduate students in photodetectors and related fields. Features • Offers a comprehensive overview of the different types of 2D materials used in fabrication of IR and THz detectors, and includes their advantages/disadvantages • The first book to compare new detectors to a wide family of common, commercially available detectors that use traditional materials.
Download or read book Expanding the Vision of Sensor Materials written by Committee on New Sensor Technologies: Materials and Applications and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-07-06 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in materials science and engineering have paved the way for the development of new and more capable sensors. Drawing upon case studies from manufacturing and structural monitoring and involving chemical and long wave-length infrared sensors, this book suggests an approach that frames the relevant technical issues in such a way as to expedite the consideration of new and novel sensor materials. It enables a multidisciplinary approach for identifying opportunities and making realistic assessments of technical risk and could be used to guide relevant research and development in sensor technologies.
Download or read book Practical Applications of Infrared Thermal Sensing and Imaging Equipment written by Herbert Kaplan and published by SPIE Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: \- Preface - List of Figures - List of Tables - List of Acronyms and Abbreviations - Preface - Introduction - Basics of Noncontact Thermal Measurement - Matching the Instrument to the Application - Instruments Overview - Using IR Sensing and Imaging Instruments - Introduction to Applications - Plant Condition Monitoring and Predictive Maintenance - Buildings and Infrastructure - Materials Testing - Product and Process Monitoring Control - Night Vision, Security, and Surveillance - Life Sciences Thermography - Appendix A: Commercial Instrument Performance Characteristics - Appendix B: Manufacturers of IR Sensing and Imaging Instruments - Appendix C: Table of Generic Normal Emissivities of Materials - Appendix D: A Glossary of Terms for the Infrared Thermographer
Download or read book Pyroelectric Materials written by Ashok K. Batra and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains comprehensive cutting-edge information on pyroelectric materials and their preparation, properties and applications, such as uncooled wideband infrared detectors, particle generators and ambient energy harvesters. The complete lifecycle of a pyroelectric material is presented - from the theory of operation, to structure and processing and applications - providing a cohesive overview of all of the necessary concepts, including theoretical background and current developments.
Download or read book Uncooled Infrared Imaging Arrays and Systems written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-11-24 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to describe an emerging but already growing technology of thermal imaging based on uncooled infrared imaging arrays and systems, which are the most exciting new developments in infrared technology today. This technology is of great importance to developers and users of thermal images for military and commercial applications. The chapters, prepared by world leaders in the technology, describe not only the mainstream efforts, but also exciting new approaches and fundamental limits applicable to all. - Unified approach to technology development based on fundamental limits - Individual chapters written by world leaders in each technology - Novel potential approaches, allowing for the reduction of costs, described in detail - Descriptive and analytical - Provides details of the mainstream approaches--resistive bolometric, pyroelectric/field enhanced pyroelectric, thermoelectric - Provides insight into a unified approach to development of all types of thermal imaging arrays Features state-of-the-art and selected new developments
Download or read book Mid infrared Optoelectronics written by Eric Tournié and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-10-19 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mid-infrared Optoelectronics: Materials, Devices, and Applications addresses the new materials, devices and applications that have emerged over the last decade, along with exciting areas of research. Sections cover fundamentals, light sources, photodetectors, new approaches, and the application of mid-IR devices, with sections discussing LEDs, laser diodes, and quantum cascade lasers, mid-infrared optoelectronics, emerging research areas, dilute bismide and nitride alloys, Group-IV materials, gallium nitride heterostructures, and new nonlinear materials. Finally, the most relevant applications of mid-infrared devices are reviewed in industry, gas sensing, spectroscopy, and imaging. This book presents a key reference for materials scientists, engineers and professionals working in R&D in the area of semiconductors and optoelectronics. - Provides a comprehensive overview of mid-infrared photodetectors and light sources and the latest materials and devices - Reviews emerging areas of research in the field of mid-infrared optoelectronics, including new materials, such as wide bandgap materials, chalcogenides and new approaches, like heterogeneous integration - Includes information on the most relevant applications in industry, like gas sensing, spectroscopy and imaging
Download or read book Detection of Optical and Infrared Radiation written by R. H. Kingston and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text treats the fundamentals of optical and infrared detection in terms of the behavior of the radiation field, the physical properties of the detector, and the statistical behavior of the detector output. Both incoherent and coherent detection are treated in a unified manner, after which selected applications are analyzed, following an analysis of atmospheric effects and signal statistics. The material was developed during a one-semester course at M.I.T. in 1975, revised and presented again in 1976 at Lincoln Laboratory, and rewritten for publication in 1977. Chapter 1 reviews the derivation of Planck's thermal radiation law and also presents several fundamental concepts used throughout the text. These include the three thermal distribution laws (Boltzmann, Fermi-Dirac, Bose Einstein), spontaneous and stimulated emission, and the definition and counting of electromagnetic modes of space. Chapter 2 defines and analyzes the perfect photon detector and calculates the ultimate sensitivity in the presence of thermal radiation. In Chapter 3, we turn from incoherent or power detection to coherent or heterodyne detection and use the concept of orthogonal spatial modes to explain the antenna theorem and the mixing theorem. Chapters 4 through 6 then present a detailed analysis of the sensitivity of vacuum and semiconductor detectors, including the effects of amplifier noise.
Download or read book Mid infrared Semiconductor Optoelectronics written by Anthony Krier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-05-22 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optoelectronic devices operating in the mid-infrared wavelength range offer applications in a variety of areas from environmental gas monitoring around oil rigs to the detection of narcotics. They could also be used for free-space optical communications, thermal imaging applications and the development of "homeland security" measures. Mid-infrared Semiconductor Optoelectronics is an overview of the current status and technological development in this rapidly emerging area; the basic physics, some of the problems facing the design engineer and a comparison of possible solutions are laid out; the different lasers used as sources for mid-infrared technology are considered; recent work in detectors is reviewed; the last part of the book is concerned with applications. With a world-wide authorship of experts working in many mid-infrared-related fields this book will be an invaluable reference for researchers and graduate students drawn from physics, electronic and electrical engineering and materials science.
Download or read book Seeing Photons written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-09-28 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Defense recently highlighted intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities as a top priority for U.S. warfighters. Contributions provided by ISR assets in the operational theaters in Iraq and Afghanistan have been widely documented in press reporting. While the United States continues to increase investments in ISR capabilities, other nations not friendly to the United States will continue to seek countermeasures to U.S. capabilities. The Technology Warning Division of the Defense Intelligence Agency's (DIA) Defense Warning Office (DWO) has the critical responsibility, in collaborations with other components of the intelligence community (IC), for providing U.S. policymakers insight into technological developments that may impact future U.S. warfighting capabilities. To this end, the IC requested that the National Research Council (NRC) investigate and report on key visible and infrared detector technologies, with potential military utility, that are likely to be developed in the next 10-15 years. This study is the eighth in a series sponsored by the DWO and executed under the auspices of the NRC TIGER (Technology Insight-Gauge, Evaluate, and Review) Standing Committee.
Download or read book Infrared Thermal Imaging written by Michael Vollmer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 803 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new up-to-date edition of the successful handbook and ready reference retains the proven concept of the first, covering basic and advanced methods and applications in infrared imaging from two leading expert authors in the field. All chapters have been completely revised and expanded and a new chapter has been added to reflect recent developments in the field and report on the progress made within the last decade. In addition there is now an even stronger focus on real-life examples, with 20% more case studies taken from science and industry. For ease of comprehension the text is backed by more than 590 images which include graphic visualizations and more than 300 infrared thermography figures. The latter include many new ones depicting, for example, spectacular views of phenomena in nature, sports, and daily life.
