Download or read book Influence of Water Temperature on Interactions Among Brook Trout Brown Trout and Creek Chub in a Laboratory Stream written by Yoshinori Taniguchi and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book PH Preference and Avoidance of Adult Brook Trout and Brown Trout written by Brooks Fost and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A recent analysis of Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission historical data collected fromstreams throughout Pennsylvania containing trout concluded that base-flow pH is stronglycorrelated to the observed segregation of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Brown Trout(Salmo trutta). Populations of Brook Trout, which are native to Pennsylvania, predominated atpH7.0 (mostly headwaters), while Brown Trout, an introduced species that has becomenaturalized in much of Pennsylvania, predominated at pH7.0 (lower reaches). The decline ofhistoric Brook Trout populations has been linked in part to competition with Brown Trout (Hudy2005). The relationship between the segregation pattern observed and pH is significant becauselow pH may be acting as a barrier that prevents further invasion of Brown Trout into theheadwaters, where Brook Trout populations remain strong.The overall goal of this study was to examine the influence of pH and species interactions on thedistribution of Brook Trout and Brown Trout in Pennsylvania streams. The first study examinedshifts in Brook Trout and Brown Trout pH preference/avoidance after exposure to different pHconditions. Adaptation to pH is important because the results of behavioral studies may differdepending on pH exposure history. Adaptation to pH is particularly important for Brook Troutand Brown Trout because these species are often segregated in streams with a pH gradient,suggesting that behavioral responses to pH differ between the two species. In order to study howthe behavioral response differed between the two species, it was necessary to determine if pHexposure history altered behavioral response. Thus, hatchery-reared Brook Trout and BrownTrout were exposed to different holding pH treatments for seven days prior to determining theirbehavioral response to pH. Preference was determined in a long trough where a gradient of pH(4.0-7.0) was presented to fish. Steep gradient choice tanks were used to determine avoidance.ivI found that hatchery-reared Brook Trout and Brown Trout pH preference was not influenced byholding pH. Results of pH avoidance trials were similar to that of preference studies, in thatholding pH did not alter pH avoidance of either species. This study suggested that individuals ofthese species can be held in the laboratory at a pH different from the source waterbody for ashort period of time without altering preference or avoidance behavior. Thus, the pH of thelaboratory source water was not adjusted for the purposes of examining preference andavoidance behavior of wild fish.The second study investigated the pH preference and avoidance of wild, adult Brook Trout andBrown Trout using the same methodology applied in the first study. The behavioral response ofBrook Trout and Brown Trout to low pH is one of factor that may lead to the observedsegregation pattern of the two species in Pennsylvania streams. The observed segregationpattern and behavioral responses to episodic events suggest that differences in the pH preferredor avoided may exist. Although pH preference and avoidance of juveniles have been established,the preference and avoidance of adults have not been examined.Wild, adult Brown Trout showed a preference for pH 4.0 while wild, adult Brook Trout did notprefer any pH within the range tested (pH 4.0 7.0). Adult Brown Trout displayed a lack ofavoidance at pH below 5.0, which is similar to that reported for juvenile Brown Trout. Theavoidance pH of wild, adult Brook Trout (between pH 5.5 and 6.0) and Brown Trout (betweenpH 6.5 and 7.0) did not differ appreciably from earlier study results for the avoidance pH ofjuvenile Brook Trout and Brown Trout. A comparison of confidence intervals around theseavoidance estimates indicates avoidance pH is similar among adult Brook Trout and BrownTrout in this study. However, the limited overlap of confidence intervals for avoidance pHvalues for the two species suggests that some Brown Trout will display avoidance at a higher pHvwhen Brook Trout will not. The results of this laboratory study indicate that adult Brook Trout Brown Trout segregation patterns in Pennsylvania streams could be related to pH and thatcompetition with Brown Trout could be mediating the occurrence of Brook Trout at some pHlevels. The preference and avoidance pH results from this study were used to design fieldexperiments involving species interactions and pH.The final study examined the effects of acidification and species interactions on the distributionof Brook Trout and Brown Trout. Although pH appeared to be correlated with the observeddistribution patterns of Brook Trout and Brown Trout in Pennsylvania streams, our laboratorystudies examining the avoidance pH of wild, adult Brook Trout and Brown Trout did notconclusively find that avoidance pH differs between these species. The lack of conclusivedifference in the pH avoidance threshold did not rule out pH as a mediating factor. Interactionsbetween Brook Trout and Brown Trout could lead to habitat partitioning in a stream. BrownTrout are considered superior competitors, but a physiological advantage may allow Brook Troutto dominate Brown Trout in headwaters, particularly if pH is lower. Thus, the behavior of wild,adult Brook Trout and Brown Trout (alone and in combination) was observed in study reachesthat were manipulated to vary the level of acidity and CO2.In the artificial stream channel, the majority of indwelling fish (fish that spent greater than 0seconds on the treatment side during the control observation period) responded to acidificationby moving to more neutral conditions (62% of Brook Trout and 68% of Brown Trout).Indwelling Brook Trout spent less time in acidic conditions during the acid treatment (41 5%)than during the control period (94 2%). However, elevated levels of CO2 may have causedtheir avoidance at a higher pH. Indwelling Brown Trout spent less time in the acid conditionsduring the acid treatment (44 4%) than during a control period (98 1%). The proportion ofvitime spent in the acid water by indwelling trout decreased as negative interactions with other fish(such as chasing) increased. Presence of the opposite species did not influence the proportion oftime spent in the acidic conditions. The results of this study do not support the hypothesis thatacidification mediates the segregation of Brook Trout and Brown Trout in Pennsylvania streams.Confounding factors, relating to changes in CO2 associated with the acid manipulation, andissues relating to stocking density need further investigation to identify what role these may haveplayed.

Download or read book Interactions Between Native and Nonnative Species written by Julie Kay Henry Zimmerman and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although previous research has investigated competition between native and nonnative trout, few studies have examined effects of introduced trout on other species in coldwater stream communities. I designed a field experiment to examine interactions between native brook trout versus nonnative brown trout with native slimy sculpin to investigate whether introductions of nonnative trout affect food web relationships in small streams. I hypothesized that brown trout would compete with sculpin and reduce sculpin growth, whereas competition would not occur between brook trout and sculpin, based on the premise that brook tout and slimy sculpin have coevolved in Minnesota streams. Enclosures (1m2) were stocked with fish according to six treatments: combined-species treatments (juvenile brown trout with sculpin, juvenile brook trout with sculpin), single-species controls, and no fish. Fish were stocked at three densities to examine intraspecific versus interspecific competition. Replicates of each treatment were placed in riffles in Valley Creek, Minnesota, and six 38-day experiment trials were conducted over three summers (2002-2004). Enclosures did not reduce abundance of drifting invertebrate prey. Interactions between brown trout and sculpin led to reduced growth of both large sculpin and large brown trout in enclosures, whereas presence of brook trout was not associated with changes to sculpin growth. Presence of brown trout also led to indirect effects on food web dynamics that may have resulted in these observed changes in growth. Brown trout was the only species associated with a decrease in abundance of a benthic invertebrate taxon, suggesting that brown trout may feed in the benthos to a greater extent than brook trout. Brown trout were also associated with shifts in sculpin diets, indicating a change in sculpin feeding behavior when sculpin were with brown trout that was not evident when sculpin were alone or with brook trout. Feeding behavior and intraspecific interactions among brown trout, along with shifts in feeding behavior of sculpin when brown trout were present, likely was a mechanism underlying reduced growth of both species. My research shows that introduced brown trout have effects on the stream community in Valley Creek that are different than native brook trout.

Download or read book Temperature Trout and Trophic Responses written by Leon C. Hinz and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Water Temperature on Interactions Between Colorado River Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus Clarki Pleuriticus and Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis written by James De Staso and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Current and Selected Bibliographies on Benthic Biology written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Temperature Food Availability and Social Dominance on Microhabitat Selection by Steelhead and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss written by Brian Clifford Spence and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Potential Climate and Land Use Change Effects on Brook Trout in the Eastern United States written by Jefferson Deweber and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brook Trout is a socially, economically and ecologically important species throughout its native range in the eastern U.S. that is expected to be negatively affected by climate and land use change. In this dissertation, I use publicly available data to identify the potential effects of projected climate and land use change on river water temperature and Brook Trout populations in individual stream reaches throughout the eastern U.S. In Chapter 1, I quantitatively assessed the representativeness of stream flow and water temperature data from U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) gages throughout subregions of the conterminous United States, including the eastern U.S. In Chapter 2, I developed a model to predict river water temperatures under current conditions and future scenarios of climate and land use change. The final model included air temperature, landform attributes and forested land cover, and predicted mean daily water temperatures with good accuracy (root mean squared error ~ 1.9 °C) for training and validation datasets. In Chapter 3, I predicted Brook Trout occurrence probability based on water temperature predictions and selected landscape characteristics using a hierarchical logistic regression model that performed well at both training and validation datasets (area under the receiver operating curve ~ 0.78). In Chapter 4, I identified potential changes in thermal habitat and Brook Trout occurrence probability resulting from projected climate and land use change. The timing, magnitude and location of predicted changes in maximum 30 day mean river water temperature varied greatly among three downscaled climate models, with average increases ranging from 1.21 to 2.55 °C by 2087. As a result of warming, between 56,440 (42.7%) and 109,237 (82.6%) of potential Brook Trout habitat was predicted to be lost. Land use change was predicted to result in localized increases in river water temperature and losses of 4.5% of potential Brook Trout habitat. Given the magnitude of predicted losses, conservation actions will likely be more successful in the long term if the potential changes resulting from climate and land use change are incorporated into the planning process.

Download or read book Effects of Aroclor 1254 on Brook Trout Salvelinus Fontinalis written by Virginia M. Snarski and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves written by Robert F. Raleigh and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Instream Flow Requirements for Brown Trout in Lee Vining Creek Mono County California written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Changes in Ambient Trout Stream Temperatures by Different Impoundment Designs written by Russell H. England and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Salmonine Introductions to the Laurentian Great Lakes written by Stephen Scott Crawford and published by NRC Research Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides an historical review and evaluation of documented ecological effects associated with salmonine introductions to the Laurentian Great Lakes. The introduction of salmonines to the Great Lakes date back to the 1870s, when natural populations of native salmonines in the Great Lakes were in severe decline. Using established evaluation protocols, it was determined that there is evidence of significant ecological effects in six different categories: (1) diseases and parasites, (2) predation on native species, (3) competition for limiting resources, (4) genetic alteration, (5) environmental alteration and (6) community alteration. Taken together, this body of evidence supports the conclusion that the ongoing introduction of non-native salmonines poses an ecologically-significant risk to the Great Lakes ecosystem and its native organisms, and that the introductions should be terminated.

Download or read book Brown Trout written by Javier Lobón-Cerviá and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brown Trout: Biology, Ecology and Management A comprehensive guide to the most current research, history, genetics and ecology of the brown trout including challenging environmental problems The brown trout is an iconic species across its natural European distribution and has been introduced throughout the World. Brown Trout offers a comprehensive review of the scientific information and current research on this major fish species. While the brown trout is the most sought species by anglers, its introduction to various waters around the world is causing serious environmental problems. At the same time, introduction of exogenous brown trout lineages threats conservation of native gene pools of populations in many regions. The authors summarize the important aspects of the brown trout’s life history and ecology and focus on the impact caused by the species. The text explores potential management strategies in order to maintain numerous damaged populations within its natural distributional range and to ameliorate its impacts in exotic environments. The authors include information on a wide-range of topics such as recent updates in population genetics, evolutionary history, reproductive traits and early ontogeny, life history plasticity in anadromous brown trout and life history of the adfluvial brown trout and much more. This vital resource: Contains the latest research on the biology and ecology of brown trout Includes information on phylogeography, genetics, population dynamics and stock management Spotlights the brown trout’s introduction to regions around the world and the serious environmental impacts Offers a comprehensive review of conservation and management techniques Written for salmonid scientists and researchers, fishery and environmental managers, and students of population genetics, ecology and population dynamics, Brown Trout explores the most recent findings on the history, ecology and sustainability of this much-researched species.

Download or read book Influence of Physical and Biotic Factors on Trout Production Dynamics in Southeastern Minnesota Streams written by Thomas Jacob Kwak and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experience in Abating Disease Among Brook Trout written by Albert Rosenberg and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: