Download or read book Influence of Maternal Depression and IQ on Child Nutritional Status written by Megan Mcgill and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between a mother and child represents one of the most complex and unique connections that exists between humans. The mother plays a critical role as the primary caregiver for the child's emotional, physical, and cognitive health and development. For this reason, the health of the mother presents a significance influence to her ability to care for the child, and thus influences the child's health and development in turn. Specifically, the current study addressed the role that maternal depression in the context of low IQ has on child nutritional status, specifically child iron status, as measured through hemoglobin status. Overall, 211 mother-child pairs from Montevideo, Uruguay were included in this study. Blood samples were performed on the children and sent to the Pennsylvania State University for analysis. Child iron status was assessed through blood samples evaluating CRP-adjusted serum ferritin concentration, hemoglobin status, and presence of anemia. Maternal IQ was evaluated through the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III (WAIS III, TEA Ediciones, S.A., Madrid, Spain). Maternal Depression was assessed using the Argentine adaptation of the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II, Ediciones Paidós, Buenos Aires, Argentina). Trained psychologists from the Catholic University of Uruguay Research Institute conducted these assessments. All statistical analyses were carried out using STATA 12.0 (STATA Corp, College Station, TX). The statistical analyses were set up with several outcome and two main predictor variables (maternal depression and IQ). Four different models were run to test associations between the different variables. The models were covariate-adjusted for child sex, the presence of crowding in the house, number of household possessions, maternal age, maternal education, and the area of Montevideo where the child lived, the number of hours children spent watching television, playing video games, and using the computer, to account for sedentary activity, the factor score representing support for children's autonomy and the HOME score representing cognitive support. For the participating mothers who were assessed, overall intelligence quotient was low, indicating an average of 83.3 ± 14.2 points, and 36.4% scoring below 80 points (Table 1). 15.6% of mothers reported experiencing moderate depression, as indicated by a score of more than 19 points for depressive symptoms (Table 1). Approximately 63% of children were iron-deficient and approximately 8% had anemia (Table 2). Children consumed a mean of 4.62 mg iron per 1000 kcal (Table 2). There was no significant interaction score between maternal IQ and depressive symptoms and child iron status. Overall, this study concludes that maternal depression in the context of low IQ did not influence child iron status. However, a large body of existing literature supports the influence of maternal psychosocial and emotional health on child health and potentially nutritional status, thus, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to clarify the results.
Download or read book Depression in Parents Parenting and Children written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-10-28 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depression is a widespread condition affecting approximately 7.5 million parents in the U.S. each year and may be putting at least 15 million children at risk for adverse health outcomes. Based on evidentiary studies, major depression in either parent can interfere with parenting quality and increase the risk of children developing mental, behavioral and social problems. Depression in Parents, Parenting, and Children highlights disparities in the prevalence, identification, treatment, and prevention of parental depression among different sociodemographic populations. It also outlines strategies for effective intervention and identifies the need for a more interdisciplinary approach that takes biological, psychological, behavioral, interpersonal, and social contexts into consideration. A major challenge to the effective management of parental depression is developing a treatment and prevention strategy that can be introduced within a two-generation framework, conducive for parents and their children. Thus far, both the federal and state response to the problem has been fragmented, poorly funded, and lacking proper oversight. This study examines options for widespread implementation of best practices as well as strategies that can be effective in diverse service settings for diverse populations of children and their families. The delivery of adequate screening and successful detection and treatment of a depressive illness and prevention of its effects on parenting and the health of children is a formidable challenge to modern health care systems. This study offers seven solid recommendations designed to increase awareness about and remove barriers to care for both the depressed adult and prevention of effects in the child. The report will be of particular interest to federal health officers, mental and behavioral health providers in diverse parts of health care delivery systems, health policy staff, state legislators, and the general public.
Download or read book Care and Nutrition written by Patrice L. Engle and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: List of tables; Education of caregiver; Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of caregiver; Physical health and nutritional status of caregiver; Mental health, self-confidence, and lack of stress of caregiver; Autonomy and control of resources in the household by caregiver; Workload and time availability of caregiver; Social support for caregiver; Estimates of time spent on child care from observation and recall; Feeding practices: caregiver-child interactions; Feeding practices: child variables; Psychosocial care: child and caregiver interactions; Psychosocial care: child variables; Illustrations; The unicef conceptual model; The extended model of care; The transactional model of care; Pathways of interaction of education with caregiving; Possible pathways of interaction of maternal health and caregiving; Summary; Introduction; Developments in conceptualizing care; Resources for care; Care practices.
Download or read book The Adverse Effects of Maternal Depression and Poverty on Child Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines the issues of maternal depression and poverty, their connection, and the overall adverse effects on child health, behavior, development, and school achievement. Poverty and maternal depression are ongoing social issues in the United States. They are both influenced by several factors such as socioeconomic status, maternal health, and family instability. These factors all directly relate to childhood health and social inequalities. Poverty, maternal depression, substance abuse, and domestic violence are known to be the most common factors that place young children at high risk for poor health (Azzi-Lessing, 2013). Some of the health outcomes from poverty and maternal depression include high rates of insecure attachment among infants, higher risk of slower cognitive child development, and higher risk of children growing up with behavioral issues including symptoms of depression, placing children at risk of being victimized (Wachs, 2009). Maternal depression factors include age, education status, employment status, and marital status, yet when poverty is also prevalent in a mother's life, the risk of damage to the mother as well as her child increases greatly (Wachs, 2009). In this project, I take a look at treatment programs that are already in place such as home-visitation services to improve the quality of mother-child interactions, (Lyons-Ruth, 1990), and infant massage to help mothers recognize signals of pleasure and discomfort to reduce negative consequences of depression (Wachs, 2009), and the need for improved maternal health programs (Santoro, 2010) - all of which can potentially help mitigate these two issues and their proceeding adverse effects on children in America.
Download or read book Malnutrition Learning and Intelligence written by Herbert George Birch and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pediatric Nutrition written by Richard J. Grand and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1987 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A comprehensive authoritative reference text provides both theoretical and practical guidelines by which practitioners who care for children can provide appropriate nutritional care. The text is comprised of 59 technical papers prepared by experts in their respective fields. The papers are grouped among 8 categorical sections, viz.: nutritional biochemistry; digestion and enternal physiology; perinatal nutrition; the role of nurition in behavior and growth; clinical nutrition and nuritional interventions; nutritional applications in inborn metabolic errors; enteral and total parenteral feedings; and the role of nutrition and special diets in the community. Tabular data, schematics, and copious literature citations are presented throughout the text.
Download or read book The Impact of Maternal Depression and Coping on Parental Involvement and Cognition written by Rita Ruge Flanagan and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parenting Across Cultures written by Helaine Selin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a strong connection between culture and parenting. What is acceptable in one culture is frowned upon in another. This applies to behavior after birth, encouragement in early childhood, and regulation and freedom during adolescence. There are differences in affection and distance, harshness and repression, and acceptance and criticism. Some parents insist on obedience; others are concerned with individual development. This clearly differs from parent to parent, but there is just as clearly a connection to culture. This book includes chapters on China, Colombia, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Thailand, Korea, Vietnam, Brazil, Native Americans and Australians, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Ecuador, Cuba, Pakistan, Nigeria, Morocco, and several other countries. Beside this, the authors address depression, academic achievement, behavior, adolescent identity, abusive parenting, grandparents as parents, fatherhood, parental agreement and disagreement, emotional availability and stepparents.
Download or read book Handbook of Infant Mental Health Fourth Edition written by Charles H. Zeanah and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2018-10-04 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This completely revised and updated edition reflects tremendous advances in theory, research and practice that have taken place over the past decade. Grounded in a relational view of infancy, the volume offers a broad interdisciplinary analysis of the developmental, clinical and social aspects of mental health from birth to age three.
Download or read book Identifying Perinatal Depression and Anxiety written by Jeannette Milgrom and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-22 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifying Perinatal Depression and Anxiety brings together the very latest research and clinical practice on this topic from around the world in one valuable resource. Examines current screening and management models, particularly those in Australia, England and Wales, Scotland, and the United States Discusses the evidence, accuracy, and limitations of screening methods in the context of challenges, policy issues, and questions that require further research Up to date practical guidance of how to screen, assess, diagnose and manage is provided. Considers the importance of screening processes that involve infants and fathers, additional training for health professionals, pathways to care following screening, and the economics of screening Offers forward-thinking synthesis and analysis of the current state of the field by leading international experts, with the goal of sketching out areas in need of future research
Download or read book Maternal DHA Impact on Child Neurodevelopment written by Asim K. Duttaroy and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Special Issue, we focus on maternal docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3 (DHA), and arachidonic acid, 20:4n-6 (ARA), on children’s neurodevelopment. During the last trimester of gestation and for the first 18 months after birth, both DHA and ARA are preferentially deposited within the cerebral cortex at a rapid rate. The mode of action of these two fatty acids and their derivatives at different structural–functional roles, and their levels in the signaling pathways of the brain have been continuously studied. These fatty acids are also involved in various brain developmental processes; however, their mechanistic cross talks are not yet clearly known. Recent data suggest that there may be a need for a balanced proportion of ARA and DHA in infant formula due to their complementary benefits. This review describes the importance of ARA in addition to DHA to support optimal brain development and growth in an infant, and functional roles in the brain.
Download or read book Women and Depression written by Corey L. M. Keyes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-23 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the world, rates of depression are greater among females than males, and this gender gap emerges during adolescence and persists throughout adulthood. Until recently, women's health has centered on the topic of reproductive health, because research focused almost exclusively on biological and anatomical differences distinguishing men and women. Social and behavioral research on gender differences in health now employs multiple disciplinary frameworks and methodologies, and researchers seek to understand the higher rates of specific diseases and disorders in women and men. Symptoms of depression and the diagnosis of depression are more prevalent in women, and research that focuses on biological, psychological, and sociopolitical explanations for this gender gap should now be brought together to better inform efforts at treatment and prevention. Women and Depression is a handbook that serves to move toward a more integrative approach to women's depression in particular and mental health for all more generally.
Download or read book Mothers at Work written by Lois Hoffman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: records.
Download or read book The Effects of Maternal Depression on Child Health and Development written by Melissa J. Azur and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objective. To examine the effects of maternal depression on behavior, language and general intelligence among a high risk sample of Caucasian, Asian, and Pacific Islander children and to examine the factor structure of the Center for Epidemiological Studies on Depression (CES-D) among Pacific Islander women. Method. The sample consisted of 580 families participating in a larger randomized study of an early intervention program in Hawaii. When the children were one, two, and three years of age, maternal depression was assessed using the CES-D. When the children were three-years-old, behavior, language, and general intelligence were assessed. Demographic characteristics and social stressors were also assessed. Analyses that examined the effects of maternal depression on children were conducted using logistic regression with propensity weights. The CES-D's factor structure and psychometric properties were tested in sample of 174 Pacific Islander women. Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) were used to test the fit of two models in this sample: the CES-D's original four-factor model and a three-factor model that combines depressed and somatic symptoms onto one factor. Results. Maternal depression was associated with behavior, language, and general intelligence in young children; however, the strength of the association varied depending upon the timing of the exposure to maternal depression and the specific type of child outcome measured. Socio-demographic characteristic and social stressors were associated with behavior, language development, and general intelligence in children. The CES-D had good reliability (alpha=.83) in this Pacific Islander sub-sample. Although the CFA suggested that neither the three- nor the original four-factor model fit. Exploratory Factor Analyses (EFA) suggested an alternate four factor solution. This factor solution differed from the original solution in the item allocations for the factors "positive affect" and "interpersonal feelings". Conclusions. The findings of the current study lend support for the reliability of the CES-D for use with Pacific Islander women. Children of depressed mothers are at risk for problems with behavior, language development, and general intelligence. These children face other significant adversities that are also associated with these problems. Early identification and treatment of depression in women may improve the health and development of their children.
Download or read book The Body Weight Regulatory System written by L. A. Cioffi and published by Raven Press (ID). This book was released on 1981 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vibrant and Healthy Kids written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are the foundation of the United States, and supporting them is a key component of building a successful future. However, millions of children face health inequities that compromise their development, well-being, and long-term outcomes, despite substantial scientific evidence about how those adversities contribute to poor health. Advancements in neurobiological and socio-behavioral science show that critical biological systems develop in the prenatal through early childhood periods, and neurobiological development is extremely responsive to environmental influences during these stages. Consequently, social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors significantly affect a child's health ecosystem and ability to thrive throughout adulthood. Vibrant and Healthy Kids: Aligning Science, Practice, and Policy to Advance Health Equity builds upon and updates research from Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity (2017) and From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development (2000). This report provides a brief overview of stressors that affect childhood development and health, a framework for applying current brain and development science to the real world, a roadmap for implementing tailored interventions, and recommendations about improving systems to better align with our understanding of the significant impact of health equity.
Download or read book Screening for Perinatal Depression written by Carol Henshaw and published by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This much-needed text provides guidance for health care professionals on the issues and controversies surrounding screening and on good practice in the use of screening tests. The role of the UK National Screening Committee is explored, along with the problems faced when implementing screening programmes in developing countries.
