Download or read book Influence of Foliar Sulfur Chloride and Nitrogen on Winter Wheat Grain Yield and Total Nitrogen Triticum Aestivum L written by Sulochana Dhital and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optimum use of nitrogen (N) is a key component in improving wheat grain yield and quality. The combined effect of other nutrients with N can have a positive impact on crop production. Using sulfur (S) and chloride (Cl) in wheat and other cereals has received increased attention in recent years. Foliar S and Cl can assist in optimizing wheat yield and total N, especially in sandy soils with low organic matter where deficiencies are expected. Winter wheat studies were conducted for 3 site-years at Lake Carl Blackwell (LCB) and Lahoma (LAH) in the fall of 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the effect of flag leaf applied foliar N, S and Cl on winter wheat grain yield and grain N. Two N rates, 10 and 20 kg N ha−1, as urea triazone (N-SURE, 28-0-0) and urea ammonium nitrate (UAN, 28-0-0) were foliar applied. Treatments included foliar application of gypsum (6 kg S ha−1) and calcium chloride at a rate of 10 kg Cl ha−1 applied with the help of CO2 backpack sprayer. Results showed total grain N increased with increasing preplant N rate at LCB and LAH. With increasing preplant N, a linear increase in yield was observed at LAH and a quadratic increase in yield at LCB. There was no response to foliar N, Cl and S at both locations. This study indicated that S and Cl fertilization did not increase yield and protein.

Download or read book Response of Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell to Nitrogen and Chloride Fertilization in the Presence of Take all Root Rot Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici Walker written by Mohamed El Hadi Maatougui and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Response from nitrogen and chloride fertilization was measured in field experiments on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Em. Thell. var. 'Stephens' and 'Yamhill') grown in western Oregon in an environment with a range of susceptibility to take-all root rot (Gaumannomyces graminis var. tritici Walker). Cropping sequences and expected disease severity considered in the study were: first year wheat after clover (low risk of severe take-all root rot: Nixon I experiment), second year wheat with high disease infection in the previous crop (high risk of severe take-all root rot: Keyt II experiment), second year wheat with low disease infection in the previous crop (moderate risk of severe take-all root rot: Nixon II and Coon experiment), third year wheat (high risk of severe take-all root rot: Jones experiment), fifth year wheat (high risk of severe take-all root rot: Keyt II experiment), and eighteenth year wheat (take-all decline established: the pathogen is present in the soil but does not cause damage, Evers experiment). Nitrogen treatments were applied at 0, 67, 134, and 202 kg/ha in all experiments where wheat followed wheat and at 0, 45, 90, and 134 kg/ha in the experiment where wheat followed clover. Chloride treatments were applied at 0, 45, and 90 kg/ha in all experiments and a rate of 134 kg C1/ha was also used on the Jones experiment. Nitrogen was predominantly supplied from urea while ammonium chloride supplied chloride and ammonium sulfate supplied the crop requirement for sulfur (about 20 kg/ha). Fertilizers were top-dressed in split application with chloride and sulfur containing fertilizers applied first (February) and urea applied later (March) in all experiments but those conducted in the Nixon farm where a single fertilizer was applied in March. Crop response was measured through the effects of N and c1 treatments on dry matter production, plant nitrogen content, plant nitrogen uptake and plant percent nitrogen recovery, as well as grain yield, yield components, grain nitrogen content, grain protein content, grain nitrogen uptake, and grain percent nitrogen recovery. The results of the study strongly indicated that take-all root rot was only a problem in the Jones, Keyt I, and Keyt II experiments and was most severe in third year wheat (Jones experiment). This also was the only experiment with significant (p = 0.05) response from rates of 202 kg N/ha. Nitrogen fertilization was the main factor that greatly influenced the levels of the variables studied while chloride fertilization generally did not have a significant (p = 0.05) influence. 134 kg N/ha was generally the rate accounting for the best levels of each variable studied in all experiments except in the Jones experiment as precised earlier. Crop response was also affected by a relatively long 'dry' period (April 20th to June 20th), particularly in the experiment where take-all root rot was a problem. Levels of the variables studied accounted for by the optimum rates of N were consistently higher in the experiments where take-all root rot was not a problem than where it was a problem by the following amounts: dry matter yields-17%, plant nitrogen contents-18%, plant nitrogen uptake levels-30%, plant nitrogen recoveries-28%, grain yields-22%, grain nitrogen contents-only 4%, grain protein contents-only 2%, grain nitrogen uptake levels-26%, grain nitrogen recoveries-18%, and spikes/m2-24%.

Download or read book Sulfur Fertilizer Improves Yield and Quality of Soft White Winter Wheat written by Roger Wehe Harder and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Influence of Environment Nitrogen Fertilizer and Cultivar on Dr y Matter Accumulation Grain Yield and Grain Quality of Three Cultivars of Hard Red Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Margaret Kadenyi Kilibwa and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fertilizer Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biological Agricultural Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 2476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 908 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Influence of Environment Nitrogen Fertilizer and Cultivar on Dry Matter Accumulation Grain Yield and Grain Quality of Three Cultivars of Hard Red Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Margaret K. Kilibwa and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Bioremediation written by Mirza Hasanuzzaman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-18 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Bioremediation: Physiological, Molecular and Biotechnological Interventions discusses the mechanisms of responding to inorganic and organic pollutants in the environment using different approaches of phytoremediation and bioremediation. Part One focuses specifically on inorganic pollutants and the use of techniques such as metallothionein-assisted remediation, phytoextraction and genetic manipulation. Part Two covers organic pollutants and consider topics such as plant enzymes, antioxidant defense systems and the remediation mechanisms of different plant species. This comprehensive volume is a must-read for researchers interested in plant science, agriculture, soil science and environmental science. The techniques covered in this book will ensure scientists have the knowledge to practice effective bioremediation techniques themselves. Provides a comprehensive review of the latest advances in bioremediation of organic and inorganic pollutants Discusses a range of different phytoremediation techniques Evaluates the role of genomics and bioinformatics within bioremediation

Download or read book Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Hard Winter Wheat Quality and Asparagine Concentration and Survey of Kansas Soil Sulfur Conditions written by Tara Leanne Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil sulfur (S) deficiency is becoming increasingly common throughout the U.S. due to The Clean Air Act of 1990; S deficiency is typically found in high sand and low organic matter soils and looks very similar to nitrogen deficiency with stunted growth and chlorosis. Over application of N when there is a S deficiency has shown to be detrimental to wheat quality. Sulfur deficiency is detrimental to baking quality due to its effects on formation of disulfide bonds. These bonds are formed from the sulfhydryl groups of cysteine, which influence viscoelasticity of dough. Soil S deficiency can also lead to an increase of free asparagine concentration which indicates acrylamide forming potential of baked products. Acrylamide is a potential carcinogen; S fertilization has been shown to decrease acrylamide forming potential in wheat flour. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to: i) determine the effect of genotype, N, and S fertility on overall wheat quality and rheological characteristics; ii) determine the typical range of asparagine in wheat grain in Kansas: and iii) determine the influence of S availability in soils on asparagine in wheat grain. In the first study we found that in a soil with low S availability, S fertility significantly increased overall grain quality and rheological characteristics as well as increasing yield. Protein composition was evaluated by the ratio of total polymeric/ total monomeric protein using high performance liquid chromatography. In both years, the ratio of polymeric to monomeric protein was increased by sulfur fertilization. Solvent retention capacity (SRC) was evaluated using the whole grain lactic acid-sodium dodecyl sulfate solvent retention test (lactic acid- SDS SRC). In 2018, S application increased the SRC from 217% to 308%. Sulfur application increased average farinograph stability from 9.2 min to 14.6 min. Farinograph stability was effectively predicted by the SRC test (R2=0.78). Free asparagine concentration decreased significantly in both years across all genotypes when S was applied. Although, in Chapter 2 we found that poor wheat quality in a S deficient soil was increased with S fertilizer application, we did not find a strong correlation between available S in the soil and wheat quality or free asparagine concentration in Chapter 3. In 2018 a S sufficient location, Ashland had the highest free asparagine concentration (37 [mu]mol/g) which was likely due to hot dry weather during grain fill. Thus, further investigation of factors influencing free asparagine in winter wheat is necessary for us to have a better understanding of how to decrease the risk of elevated levels. Information from this study will help winter wheat producers in the Great Plains diagnose sulfur deficiency and determine best practices for increasing grain quality and decreasing free asparagine concentration.

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1991-07 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chloride Fertilizer Effects on Grain Yield Water Potential Components and Disease Severity of Winter Wheat with Take all written by Becky Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Take-all root rot (caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, Ggt) is one of the major diseases limiting winter wheat yields in western Oregon. Losses caused by take-all (TA) can be significantly reduced through crop management and fertilization practices. Results from field experiments in western Oregon show that the use of chloride with NH4-N is an effective tool to minimize grain yield losses in fields with TA. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of fall- and spring-applied chloride fertilizers on the components of leaf water potential, grain yield and disease severity of winter wheat with TA. Winter wheat field plots were established on a Woodburn soil (Aquultic Argixeroll) on 15 October 1980 at a site previously cropped to first-year wheat after fallow. Spring fertilizer application was on 16 March 1981. Twenty treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design to study the effects of source, rate, method of application and timing of chloride fertilizers on grain yield, disease severity and leaf water potential components. Other comparisons included rates of P and Cu plus Zn banded in the fall, and fall and spring nitrogen rates. Grain was harvested with a plot combine on 30 July 1981, and grain yield, test weight and 1000 kernel weight were measured. Disease severity was assessed using two methods, (1) visual estimation of black root lesions on three dates, and (2) whole plant fresh weights on 2 July 1981. Leaf osmotic potentials and plant nutrient concentration were measured on four dates. Leaf water potential components (turgor, osmotic and leaf water potentials) and plant nutrient concentrations were determined during May and June on second-year wheat and once on third-year wheat from an adjacent site. A partial diurnal water curve for (NH4)2S04- and NH4Cl-treated plants was measured on 2 June 1981, on third-year wheat. Grain yields were increased by 1000 kg/ha with the addition of spring chloride as NH4CI, KCl or CaCl2. Arate of 92 kg spring Cl/ha was adequate to achieve the highest grain yield (6633 kg/ha). Grain yield was not significantly affected by rate, source or method of application of fall-applied chloride, fall or spring N rates, or by the application of P or Cu plus Zn banded with the seed at planting. Application of 368 kg spring Cl/ha as NH4Cl reduced severity of take-all and increased whole-plant fresh weight when compared to (NH4)2S04 at the same rate of N, but the differences were not statistically significant. Disease severity was not significantly affected by either rates or sources of spring chloride. Grain yields were negatively correlated to disease severity indices. Spring chloride fertilizers applied as NH4Cl or KCl significantly increased percent total N in flag leaves sampled in late spring, while the percent leaf chloride was increased with application of either KCl, NH4C1 or CaCl2. Osmotic potentials in flag leaves of second-year wheat were significantly reduced (from -21.6 to -22.6 bars) over the nil CI rate by application of spring chloride fertilizers. Ninety-two kg Cl/ha was adequate to reduce the osmotic potential. Spring chloride at 368 kg Cl/ha significantly increased turgor potentials in both secondand third-year winter wheat, and significantly decreased osmotic potentials (2 bars) in second-year wheat when compared to (NH4)2S04- treated plots at the same N rate. Potassium chloride significantly reduced leaf and osmotic potentials at the 185 kg Cl/ha rate. Potassium chloride did not increase turgor. The results of this study support the recent literature indicating that application of spring chloride in combination with ammonium-nitrogen to moderately acidic soils reduces the severity of take-all and increases yield of winter wheat.

Download or read book Analyses of the Effects of Water Nitrogen and Weather on Growth Grain Yield Biomass Production and Light Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Francisco Mojarro and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of In season Wheat Nutrient Uptake Changes and Nitrogen Management for Grain and Dual Purpose Winter Wheat written by Tyler R. Gardner and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An effective nutrient management plan is essential for optimum wheat (Triticum aestivum) yields. The objectives of the first study were to: i.) evaluate changes in concentration of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulfur (S), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), within separate plant parts, throughout the growing season, ii.) evaluate the uptake pattern and redistribution of each of these nutrients within the plant throughout the season, and iii.) evaluate the impact of micronutrient and S fertilization on concentration and uptake of nutrients and the potential use of fertilization for biofortification. Three locations were established and sampled every 7 to 10 days during the spring. Samples were divided into leaf, stem, head, spike and grain fractions and analyzed for nutrient concentration. Concentration levels tended to decrease throughout the season in non-grain plant fractions and stay relatively constant in the grain. Harvest grain concentration of Zn was significantly higher with micronutrient fertilization at all locations, suggesting the possibility of Zn biofortification through fertilization. S, Cu, and Zn showed nutrient accumulation increases in all plant fractions until the time period around anthesis (Feekes 10.5.1), at which point leaf and stem fractions decreased in total accumulation while nutrients were remobilized to the grain. N, P, K and Mn showed a similar trend although timing of remobilization varied between locations and treatments. The objectives of the second study were to i.) evaluate the interaction of wheat grazing management and soil and fertilizer N requirements with emphasis on dual purpose wheat, ii.) assess the use of NDVI sensors for N management and forage quantity assessment in wheat grazing systems, and iii.) evaluate forage quality and quantity interactions with N management. Three locations were established and fertilized with N application rates of 0, 34, 67, and 101 kg ha−1 in the fall, followed by simulated grazing. Spring topdress applications were made at rates of 0 and 90 kg ha−1, or a sensor based rate. The impact of grazing on grain production varied by location. NDVI readings correlated with biomass at two of three locations and N recommendations using NDVI sensors resulted in significantly lower N rates and similar yield results to high N application rates. Forage dry matter and N concentration increased with higher N rates.

Download or read book Essential Minerals in Plant Soil Systems written by Azamal Husen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-04-29 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Minerals in Plant-Soil Systems: Coordination, Signaling and Interaction Under Adverse Conditions is the first book to encompass these key aspects of plant science, biochemistry, soil science and fertilizer development in a single volume. Describing the micro- and macronutrients in the plant-soil system with the help of suitable illustrations, the book connects all the pieces enabling comprehensive and connected understanding. Terrestrial plants are sessile in nature. They face various adverse environmental conditions including soil nutrient-deficiency signals, which influence overall plant growth and development. Some of the essential nutrients are unreachable to roots due to their low solubility and relative immobilization. Thus, the soil-plant system has evolved signaling, communication and coordination responses for survival under multiple adverse situations. By evolving highly sophisticated mechanisms at the cellular as well as whole-plant scale, these plants have developed ways to co-regulate these stresses in order to maintain homeostasis. Essential Minerals in Plant-Soil Systems covers recent advances in the understanding of how plants coordinate the acquisition, transport, signaling, and interaction, cross-talks between macro- and micro-nutrients in adverse environmental situations. These points are key to understanding the significance of essential, as well as beneficial, elements for sustainable plant growth and production. This book is a valuable reference for those putting research into practice in addressing stress situations, as well as providing important foundational insights for further research. - Provides a comprehensive overview of micro- and macronutrients and their interaction with phytohormones under stress conditions - Explores proteomic and genomic research into deficiencies and toxicities in plant systems - Highlights the use of nanobiotechnology for controlled release of micro- and macronutrients in the plant-soil systems

Download or read book Influence of Late season Foliar Nitrogen Applications on Grain Protein in Winter Wheat written by Curt Wayne Woolfolk and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: