Download or read book Induction of Eryptosis in Plasmodium Falciparum Infected Erythrocytes Through ABC Protein mediated Oxidative Stress written by Ohud Fallatah and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Malaria is a widespread disease found in tropical and subtropical areas. The majority of cases occur in children under five years of age. Many efforts are placed to control the spread of this lethal disease. However, drug resistance is playing a major role in the treatment failure. Malaria is known to be caused by the transmission of the pathogen from the saliva of an infected female Anopheles mosquito to the host during the blood meal. In malaria elimination, the focus is primarily placed on targeting the vector and the pathogen in the blood stage, where the malaria symptoms start to appear. However, targeting the pathogen has consistently resulted in the development of resistance to the selected drugs. It has been shown that the infection of erythrocytes by the parasite causes an elevation of the oxidative stress in the infected erythrocytes compare to the un-infected one. This effect is due to the digestion of the hemoglobin by the parasite and the dramatic increase in the metabolic rate. Heterozygote of several erythrocyte genetic disorders exhibits some protection against the deadliest species of plasmodium (Plasmodium falciparum). These advantages in mutant erythrocytes have shown to be caused by the enhancement of the oxidative stress. The infection of mutant erythrocyte by malaria parasite induces eryptosis and accelerates the clearance of the infected erythrocyte at an early parasite stage (ring stage) by the host immune system (macrophages). In this project, we propose a novel approach for the development of antimalarials, which has several advantages compared to conventional elimination methods. This mechanism mimics the evolutionary strategy exemplified by the mutant erythrocytes such as the sickle cell trait, the ß-thalassemia trait, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Targeting an important mechanism in the host cells will not generate any resistance because it is not in the pathogen genetic sequence. Moreover, drugs developed based on our approach should be equally effective against drug-sensitive and resistant parasites. Mature erythrocytes are terminally differentiated and unlikely to lead to resistance to drugs triggering eryptosis. Glutathione (GSH) is one of the most important anti-oxidant in the erythrocytes, and it is known to play a significant role in keeping the reducing environment inside the erythrocyte. Using a combination of drugs that target GSH, we will be able to indirectly target the parasite and increase the reactive oxygen species, which are known to have a deleterious effect on the cells. For example, L-Buthionine (S, R) Sulfoximine (BSO) suppresses the synthesis process of GSH, Apigenin (API) accelerates the efflux of GSH through the ABCC1 (MRP1) transporter, and 2,5-dehydroxychalcone activates ABCG2 (BCRP) to transport GSH." --
Download or read book Red Cell Membrane Transport in Health and Disease written by Ingolf Bernhardt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 51 worldwide leading experts in the field of erythrocyte research contributed to this first book on transport processes in red blood cells. It explains the latest findings on the basis of well-established principles, in an accessibly structured and carefully organized compilation.
Download or read book Goodman s Medical Cell Biology written by Steven R. Goodman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-06-11 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Goodman’s Medical Cell Biology, Fourth Edition, has been student tested and approved for decades. This updated edition of this essential textbook provides a concise focus on eukaryotic cell biology (with a discussion of the microbiome) as it relates to human and animal disease. This is accomplished by explaining general cell biology principles in the context of organ systems and disease. This new edition is richly illustrated in full color with both descriptive schematic diagrams and laboratory findings obtained in clinical studies. This is a classic reference for moving forward into advanced study. Includes five new chapters: Mitochondria and Disease, The Cell Biology of the Immune System, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Omics, Informatics, and Personalized Medicine, and The Microbiome and Disease Contains over 150 new illustrations, along with revised and updated illustrations Maintains the same vision as the prior editions, teaching cell biology in a medically relevant manner in a concise, focused textbook
Download or read book Malaria written by Irwin W. Sherman and published by Amer Society for Microbiology. This book was released on 1998-01 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every 30 seconds a death is caused by Malaria. This book brings together recent advances in our understanding of the basic biology, genetics and pathogenesis of malaria, to facilitate the rapid generation of new insights and interventions. Each chapter is written by a leading expert(s), and serves as both a useful introduction to the area and a helpful set of references. Malaria: Parasite Biology, Pathogenesis and Protection is a useful entry point for graduate and medical students, scientists and individuals engaged in a subspecialty of Malaria research, as well as those who are simply interested in getting a grasp on the present status of this ever burgeoning public health problem.
Download or read book An Introduction to Biological Membranes written by William Stillwell and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-04-20 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Biological Membranes: From Bilayers to Rafts covers many aspects of membrane structure/function that bridges membrane biophysics and cell biology. Offering cohesive, foundational information, this publication is valuable for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students and membranologists who seek a broad overview of membrane science. Brings together different facets of membrane research in a universally understandable manner Emphasis on the historical development of the field Topics include membrane sugars, membrane models, membrane isolation methods, and membrane transport
Download or read book Handbook of Systems Biology written by Marian Walhout and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an entry point into Systems Biology for researchers in genetics, molecular biology, cell biology, microbiology and biomedical science to understand the key concepts to expanding their work. Chapters organized around broader themes of Organelles and Organisms, Systems Properties of Biological Processes, Cellular Networks, and Systems Biology and Disease discuss the development of concepts, the current applications, and the future prospects. Emphasis is placed on concepts and insights into the multi-disciplinary nature of the field as well as the importance of systems biology in human biological research. Technology, being an extremely important aspect of scientific progress overall, and in the creation of new fields in particular, is discussed in 'boxes' within each chapter to relate to appropriate topics. 2013 Honorable Mention for Single Volume Reference in Science from the Association of American Publishers' PROSE Awards Emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of systems biology with contributions from leaders in a variety of disciplines Includes the latest research developments in human and animal models to assist with translational research Presents biological and computational aspects of the science side-by-side to facilitate collaboration between computational and biological researchers
Download or read book Cellular Pathophysiology written by Mohammed M. Sayeed and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989-05-31 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, there has been increased research on cellular pathophysiology in animal and tissue models simulating human disease processes. The result of this research, which has been carried out primarily by physiologists, pharmacologists, biochemists, anatomists, pathologists, and clinicians, is now presented in this forum. A better understanding of how cellular, subcellular and molecular mechanisms initiate and progressively intensify organic/systemic disease processes is important in the development of rational therapies against these disease processes.
Download or read book Oxirane Derivatives written by Canada. Pest Management Regulatory Agency and published by . This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crown Compounds written by Stephen R. Cooper and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 1992 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cytokines in Health and Disease written by Steven L. Kunkel and published by Marcel Dekker. This book was released on 1992 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive text providing much of the currently available knowledge in the field of cytokines. There are four areas covered, including general overviews of each of the major cytokines, listings of the important interactions these cytokines have with inflammatory cells, discussions of current an
Download or read book The Molecular Nutrition of Fats written by Vinood Patel and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Molecular Nutrition of Fats presents the nutritional and molecular aspects of fats by assessing their dietary components, their structural and metabolic effects on the cell, and their role in health and disease. Subject areas include molecular mechanisms, membranes, polymorphisms, SNPs, genomic wide analysis, genotypes, gene expression, genetic modifications and other aspects. The book is divided into three sections, providing information on the general and introductory aspects, the molecular biology of the cell, and the genetic machinery and its function. Topics discussed include lipid-related molecules, dietary lipids and lipid metabolism, high fat diets, choline, cholesterol, membranes, trans-and saturated fatty acids, and lipid rafts. Other sections provide comprehensive discussions on G protein-coupled receptors, micro RNA, transcriptomics, transcriptional factors, cholesterol, triacylglycerols, beta-oxidation, cholesteryl ester transfer, beta-oxidation, lysosomes, lipid droplets, insulin mTOR signaling and ligands, and more. Summarizes molecular nutrition in health as related to fats Discusses the impact of fats on cancer, heart disease, dementia, and respiratory and intestinal disease Includes preclinical, clinical and population studies Covers the genome, the whole body and whole communities Includes key facts, a mini dictionary of terms and summary points
Download or read book Cell Separation Methods written by Hans Bloemendal and published by North-Holland. This book was released on 1977 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Muscle Biophysics written by Rassier Dilson J.E and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-08 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muscle contraction has been the focus of scientific investigation for more than two centuries, and major discoveries have changed the field over the years. Early in the twentieth century, Fenn (1924, 1923) showed that the total energy liberated during a contraction (heat + work) was increased when the muscle was allowed to shorten and perform work. The result implied that chemical reactions during contractions were load-dependent. The observation underlying the “Fenn effect” was taken to a greater extent when Hill (1938) published a pivotal study showing in details the relation between heat production and the amount of muscle shortening, providing investigators with the force-velocity relation for skeletal muscles. Subsequently, two papers paved the way for the current paradigm in the field of muscle contraction. Huxley and Niedergerke (1954), and Huxley and Hanson (1954) showed that the width of the A-bands did not change during muscle stretch or activation. Contraction, previously believed to be caused by shortening of muscle filaments, was associated with sliding of the thick and thin filaments. These studies were followed by the classic paper by Huxley (1957), in which he conceptualized for the first time the cross-bridge theory; filament sliding was driven by the cyclical interactions of myosin heads (cross-bridges) with actin. The original cross-bridge theory has been revised over the years but the basic features have remained mostly intact. It now influences studies performed with molecular motors responsible for tasks as diverse as muscle contraction, cell division and vesicle transport.
