Download or read book Inducible Lymphoid Organs written by Kenji Kabashima and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-17 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds new light on “inducible” lymphoid organs (ILOs): antigen presentation sites that are generated de novo in peripheral tissues under various pathogenic conditions. Accomplished immunologists demonstrate that the physiological role of these ILOs is completely different from that of central lymphoid organs, i.e., the lymph nodes or spleen. In addition to the central organs, the ILOs are considered essential structures for the efficient elicitation of adaptive immune responses in lesions. The respective chapters highlight examples from multiple sites, e.g. the skin, lung, intestinal tract, genital tract, the synovial membrane of the joints and artificial lymph nodes. Accordingly, readers will learn that ILO structure and function can vary substantially, depending on the context. Presenting the results of the latest immunological research, the book offers a fascinating and insightful read for both scientists and clinicians in the areas of infectious and immune-associated diseases.
Download or read book Tertiary Lymphoid Organs TLOs Powerhouses of Disease Immunity written by Changjun Yin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-05-22 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The immune system employs TLOs to elicit highly localized and forceful responses to unresolvable peripheral tissue inflammation. Current data indicate that TLOs are protective but they may also lead to collateral tissue injury and serve as nesting places to generate autoreactive lymphocytes. A better comprehension of these powerhouses of disease immunity will likely facilitate development to unprecedented and specific therapies to fight chronic inflammatory diseases.
Download or read book Tertiary Lymphoid Structures written by Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the various methods used to study tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in pathological situations. Pre-clinical models are also discussed in detail to show how TLS structure, development, and maintenance can be targeted and studied in vivo. The chapters in this book cover topics such as humans and mice; strategies to quantify TLS in order to use it in stained tissue sections; classifying a gene signature form fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues; and development of murine inflammatory models to help look at TLS in the context of infection or malignancy. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and thorough, Tertiary Lymphoid Structures: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource that increases the reader’s knowledge on immune functions and how they will pave the way to future therapeutic applications.
Download or read book Lymphoid Organogenesis written by Fritz Melchers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-09-04 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been clear for a long time that after transplantation of a lymphoid organ, hematopoietic stem cells can regenerate the compartments of the organ, provided that the rest of its architecture - the strome, the epithelia and the vessels - is intact. Ahead lies the even greater challenge to assemble also these other architectural elements of a lymphoid organ by transplanting stem cells. The workshop on lymphoid organogenesis was convened to review current knowledge of and experimental skills involved in this grand project to build a lymphoid organ from its individual cellular components.
Download or read book Lymphoid Organs Advances in Immunology written by Quinn Houghton and published by Foster Academics. This book was released on 2023-09-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lymphoid organs are comprised of lymphoid tissue and are the site of lymphocyte activation and lymphocyte production. The structure of lymphoid organs includes primary lymphoid organs, secondary lymphoid organs and tertiary lymphoid organs. Primary lymphoid organs produce lymphocytes, the spleen and lymph nodes, through immature progenitor cells. Secondary lymphoid organs maintain mature lymphocytes, while initiating adaptive immune response. Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) develop in peripheral tissues in adult organisms as a response to non-resolving inflammation. TLOs related diseases include chronic infection, allograft rejection, cancer and autoimmune diseases. They contain an active germinal center which is surrounded by a network of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). The lymphatic system as a whole provides accessory return route for the blood. Furthermore, immune defense is another significant function of the lymphatic system. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital advances in the field of Immunology with respect to lymphoid organs. It will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers.
Download or read book Functional Role of Inducible Bronchus Associated Lymphoid Tissue iBALT in Allergic Airway Inflammation written by Ji Young Hwang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) is an ectopic lymphoid tissue formed in the lung after pulmonary infection or inflammation. This local lymphoid tissue is structurally similar to conventional secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), with separated B and T cell areas, specialized stromal cells and lymphoid dendritic cells (DCs). The presence of iBALT is typically associated with pulmonary pathology and advanced lung disease, particularly in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), rheumatoid lung disease, pulmonary fibrosis and chronic infections, suggesting that iBALT functions to exacerbate local immune responses and pathology. Here, we tested whether the presence of iBALT affected the pulmonary immune responses to allergens. We induced iBALT formation in neonatal mice by pulmonary administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and when the mice were adults, sensitized and challenged them intranasally with ovalbumin (OVA). We found that mice with iBALT exhibited reduced Th2 responses, reduced eosinophil recruitment, reduced goblet cell hyperplasia and reduced mucus production. The presence of iBALT delayed the accumulation of Th2 cells and eosinophils in the lung following challenge and altered the spatial distribution of T cells in the lung. We also found that the more organized iBALT structure was, the fewer eosinophil infiltrates were observed in house dust mite (HDM)- induced allergic inflammation. Although Th2 cells are generated in mice with iBALT, they are concentrated in iBALT area and more dilute in lung parenchyma.Overall, our studies expanded the field of iBALT from observation of what happens in pulmonary diseases to determining the machinery involved in the responses.
Download or read book Origin and Evolution of the Vertebrate Immune System written by L. Du Pasquier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The comparative approach to immunology can be traced to the era of Pasteur and Metchnikov in which observations regarding foreign recognition in invertebrates was a factor in the develop ment of the principal concepts that created the foundation of what now is the broad field of immunology. With each major experimental and conceptual breakthrough, the classical, albeit essential, question has been asked "are the immune systems of phylogenetically primitive vertebrates and invertebrates similar to that of mammals?" Somewhat surprisingly for the jawed verte brates, the general answer has been a qualified form of "yes", whereas for agnathans and invertebrate phyla it has been "no" so far. The apparent abruptness in the appearance of the immune system of vertebrates is linked to the introduction of the somatic generation of the diversity of its antigen specific receptors. Therefore the questions regarding the origin and evolution of the specific immune system revolve around this phenomenon. With respect to the origin of the system (aside from the or igin of the rearranging machinery itself, the study of which is still in its infancy) one can ask questions about the cellular and mo lecular contexts in which the mechanism was introduced.
Download or read book Liver Immunology written by M. Eric Gershwin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition begins with important information about the epidemiology and mortality of liver disease worldwide. This information is followed by chapters related to basic immunology, application of liver immunology for diagnosis, and several excellent chapters that provide a solid foundation for understanding immune-mediated liver disease, including those associated with the biliary tree. A chapter on non-hepatic manifestations of immune mediated liver disease helps provide context for how these diseases affect the patient overall. In addition, chapters discuss various discrete immunologically-mediated infectious liver disorders including those related to bacteria, parasites, and all of the classic viruses. Chapters on the traditional autoimmune liver diseases -- primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis as well as overlap syndrome – are also included. The breadth of this comprehensive second edition is highlighted by chapters on alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and drug-induced liver disease, among others. This invaluable new edition ends with a forward-looking view of future directions and how the field might meet the challenge of refractory patients. Developed by a renowned group of authors, Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition will again serve as a comprehensive textbook by providing an excellent overview for this rapidly evolving field. It greatly adds to the understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases, while also providing novel insights that can be harnessed into helping improve the care of patients afflicted with various immune-mediated diseases. This volume will again be a must-read for clinicians at all levels, investigators and students.
Download or read book Lymphocyte Updates written by Gheorghita Isvoranu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a synergic effort of an international team of specialists in immunology to expand the scientific achievements in the field of lymphocytes. It offers important and specific updated information to researchers, students, teachers, and medical professionals. Moreover, considering the remarkable dynamics of immunology and immunotherapy, this book "Lymphocyte Updates - Cancer, Autoimmunity, and Infection" aims to represent a significant source of concise scientific data and advancement of knowledge in this field. The chapters offer new insights into the latest scientific progress on lymphocyte roles in protective immunity, as well as their involvement in pathogenesis of various disorders.
Download or read book Bone Marrow Niche written by Takashi Nagasawa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume summarizes recent advances in research on mesenchymal cell populations in the bone marrow. It explores how mesenchymal cells create niches for immune cells in extramedullary organs and it discusses new concepts of lympho-hematopoietic microenvironments. Readers are introduced to the fundamentals of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiation to all types of blood cells, including immune cells, in the bone marrow. The book highlights how this process is supported and regulated by the individual microenvironments of stem cells, termed niches. The identity of HSC niches has been subject to longstanding debates. Recent studies identified the population of mesenchymal stem cells as the major cellular component of niches, for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their candidate developmental origin. Furthermore, candidate cellular niches for immune cells in lymph nodes and adipose and connective tissues were identified. The authors of this volume focus on shared features between those and HSPC niche cells in the bone marrow. Covering latest research results, this book serves as fascinating read for researchers and clinicians in hematology and immunology.
Download or read book Kuby Immunology written by Jenni Punt and published by Macmillan Higher Education. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 2997 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Janis Kuby’s groundbreaking introduction to immunology was the first textbook for the course actually written to be a textbook. Like no other text, it combined an experimental emphasis with extensive pedagogical features to help students grasp basic concepts. Now in a thoroughly updated new edition, Kuby Immunology remains the only undergraduate introduction to immunology written by teachers of the course. In the Kuby tradition, authors Jenni Punt, Sharon Stranford, Patricia Jones, and Judy Owen present the most current topics in an experimental context, conveying the excitement of scientific discovery, and highlight important advances, but do so with the focus on the big picture of the study of immune response, enhanced by unsurpassed pedagogical support for the first-time learner. Punt, Stranford, Jones, and Owen bring an enormous range of teaching and research experiences to the text, as well as a dedication to continue the experiment-based, pedagogical-driven approach of Janis Kuby. For this edition, they have worked chapter by chapter to streamline the coverage, to address topics that students have the most trouble grasping, and to continually remind students where the topic at hand fits in the study of immunology as a whole.
Download or read book Essentials of Surgical Pediatric Pathology written by Marta C. Cohen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-05 with total page 1225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essentials of Surgical Pediatric Pathology is a clear and practical yet comprehensive guide for trainee pediatric pathologists and non-pediatric pathologists. Each chapter corresponds to one of the main subspecialties, such as dermatopathology, head and neck pathology, and system pathology. Practical guidance is given on handling pediatric specimens and the authors highlight the ways in which common conditions present differently in adults and children. Other chapters cover conditions typical of childhood, including soft tissue tumors and blue round cell tumors. The chapters begin with a brief clinical presentation, followed by a clear macroscopical and histological description of the principal pathologies seen in children. Up-to-date genetic and immunohistochemical information is provided, and the book includes hundreds of high-quality color images. Written and edited by leading international experts in the field, this is an essential resource for trainee pediatric pathologists, as well as general pathologists who may encounter pediatric cases.
Download or read book Cytokine Effector Functions in Tissues written by Maria Foti and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-17 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cytokine Effector Functions in Tissues discusses the cytokines networks in the context of the specific-tissue environment. It is an up-to-date collection of articles that addresses the specific issue of how the cytokines are able to condition tissue specific homeostasis. The book helps the reader understand how cytokines network inside the tissues and highlights whether tissue-protection or exacerbation will be finally controlled. It describes the cytokines detected and regulated in different tissues, such as the brain, lungs, spleen, liver, pancreas and intestine, also addressing the issue of timing in specific cell types. - Categorizes the cytokines based primarily on tissue and target cells - Emphasizes different roles and outcomes observed during innate and adaptive response - Represents a rapid guide to cytokines in health and disease in tissue and organ context - Presents a different view on how known mediators may work if analyzed in a different perspective, determining the final outcome on tissue-specific target cells
Download or read book The Anatomical Basis of Mouse Development written by Matthew H. Kaufman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1999-03-10 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an essential anatomical resource for developmental biologists who need to know about any aspect of mouse developmental anatomy, as well as for geneticists using the mouse embryo as a model. The book is a companion to Kaufman's The Atlas of Mouse Development, and details the developmental anatomy of the early embryo, the transitional tissues, and all the major organ systems. It also provides extensive comparisons with human developmental anatomy, both normal and abnormal. The book has extensive reference indexes detailing developmental stage criteria. The Anatomical Basis of Mouse Development will be a key reference work for anyone who needs to understand developmental anatomy in normal and mutant mice. - Complements Kaufman's The Atlas of Mouse Development - Gives anatomical descriptions from oogenesis to birth, at a level of detail that goes beyond that found in most literature - Provides detailed explanations for geneticists and molecular biologists with limited anatomical background to help them understand the emergence of all the major structures in the mouse embryo - Contains comprehensive indexes detailing the appearance of over 1000 organs, tissues, and their components at different stages of mouse embryogenesis - Includes comparisons with normal and abnormal human development - Contains over 100 clear line diagrams showing mouse developmental anatomy as well as lineage relationships for the major organ systems
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Download or read book Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
Download or read book Inflammation written by Björn E. Clausen and published by Humana. This book was released on 2017-01-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a broad selection of cutting-edge methods and tools that will enable the reader to investigate the multi-faceted manifestations of inflammation. Inflammation: Methods and Protocols is divided into four sections: the first three sections describe protocols investigating immune-mediated inflammatory disease models affecting barrier organs to the environment; the skin, the lung, and the intestinal and oral mucosa. The fourth section illustrates inflammatory disease models of the brain, joints, and vasculature. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Inflammation: Methods and Protocols aims to inspire the experienced investigator and the young experimenter alike to disentangle the fascinating process of inflammation.
