Download or read book In situ Combustion ISC Processes written by Mahmoud Al-Shamali and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies written by Alex Turta and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-04-10 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter contains a thorough coverage of in situ combustion (ISC) as an enhanced oil recovery method, describing its complex aspects in a simple and practical manner. It is the first really international treatise of the subject as the international experience was carefully put together.
Download or read book Horizontal Producer Wells in in Situ Combustion ISC Processes written by Adel A. Tuwil and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forward In situ Combustion ISC Process Using Different Horizontal Injector and Producer Well Configurations written by Osama A. Al-Shamali and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Efficient Simulation of Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes written by Zhouyuan Zhu and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simulating thermal processes is usually computationally expensive because of the complexity of the problem and strong nonlinearities encountered. In this work, we explore novel and efficient simulation techniques to solve thermal enhanced oil recovery problems. We focus on two major topics: the extension of streamline simulation for thermal enhanced oil recovery and the efficient simulation of chemical reaction kinetics as applied to the in-situ combustion process. For thermal streamline simulation, we first study the extension to hot water flood processes, in which we have temperature induced viscosity changes and thermal volume changes. We first compute the pressure field on an Eulerian grid. We then solve for the advective parts of the mass balance and energy equations along the individual streamlines, accounting for the compressibility effects. At the end of each global time step, we account for the nonadvective terms on the Eulerian grid along with gravity using operator splitting. We test our streamline simulator and compare the results with a commercial thermal simulator. Sensitivity studies for compressibility, gravity and thermal conduction effects are presented. We further extended our thermal streamline simulation to steam flooding. Steam flooding exhibits large volume changes and compressibility associated with the phase behavior of steam, strong gravity segregation and override, and highly coupled energy and mass transport. To overcome these challenges we implement a novel pressure update along the streamlines, a Glowinski scheme operator splitting and a preliminary streamline/finite volume hybrid approach. We tested our streamline simulator on a series of test cases. We compared our thermal streamline results with those computed by a commercial thermal simulator for both accuracy and efficiency. For the cases investigated, we are able to retain solution accuracy, while reducing computational cost and gaining connectivity information from the streamlines. These aspects are useful for reservoir engineering purposes. In traditional thermal reactive reservoir simulation, mass and energy balance equations are solved numerically on discretized reservoir grid blocks. The reaction terms are calculated through Arrhenius kinetics using cell-averaged properties, such as averaged temperature and reactant concentrations. For the in-situ combustion process, the chemical reaction front is physically very narrow, typically a few inches thick. To capture accurately this front, centimeter-sized grids are required that are orders of magnitude smaller than the affordable grid block sizes for full field reservoir models. To solve this grid size effect problem, we propose a new method based on a non-Arrhenius reaction upscaling approach. We do not resolve the combustion front on the grid, but instead use a subgrid-scale model that captures the overall effects of the combustion reactions on flow and transport, i.e. the amount of heat released, the amount of oil burned and the reaction products generated. The subgrid-scale model is calibrated using fine-scale highly accurate numerical simulation and laboratory experiments. This approach significantly improves the computational speed of in-situ combustion simulation as compared to traditional methods. We propose the detailed procedures to implement this methodology in a field-scale simulator. Test cases illustrate the solution consistency when scaling up the grid sizes in multidimensional heterogeneous problems. The methodology is also applicable to other subsurface reactive flow modeling problems with fast chemical reactions and sharp fronts. Displacement front stability is a major concern in the design of all the enhanced oil recovery processes. Historically, premature combustion front break through has been an issue for field operations of in-situ combustion. In this work, we perform detailed analysis based on both analytical methods and numerical simulation. We identify the different flow regimes and several driving fronts in a typical 1D ISC process. For the ISC process in a conventional mobile heavy oil reservoir, we identify the most critical front as the front of steam plateau driving the cold oil bank. We discuss the five main contributors for this front stability/instability: viscous force, condensation, heat conduction, coke plugging and gravity. Detailed numerical tests are performed to test and rank the relative importance of all these different effects.
Download or read book Experimental Investigation and High Resolution Simulation of In Situ Combustion Processes written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This final technical report describes work performed for the project 'Experimental Investigation and High Resolution Numerical Simulator of In-Situ Combustion Processes', DE-FC26-03NT15405. In summary, this work improved our understanding of in-situ combustion (ISC) process physics and oil recovery. This understanding was translated into improved conceptual models and a suite of software algorithms that extended predictive capabilities. We pursued experimental, theoretical, and numerical tasks during the performance period. The specific project objectives were (i) identification, experimentally, of chemical additives/injectants that improve combustion performance and delineation of the physics of improved performance, (ii) establishment of a benchmark one-dimensional, experimental data set for verification of in-situ combustion dynamics computed by simulators, (iii) develop improved numerical methods that can be used to describe in-situ combustion more accurately, and (iv) to lay the underpinnings of a highly efficient, 3D, in-situ combustion simulator using adaptive mesh refinement techniques and parallelization. We believe that project goals were met and exceeded as discussed.
Download or read book Experimental Investigation and High Resolution Simulator of In Situ Combustion Processes written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accurate simulation of in-situ combustion processes is computationally very challenging because the spatial and temporal scales over which the combustion process takes place are very small. In this current and eleventh report, we report on the development of a virtual kinetic cell (VKC) that aids the study of the interaction between kinetics and phase behavior. The VKC also provides an excellent tool for developing and testing specialized solvers for the stiff kinetics encountered in ISC processes.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery from Conventional and Unconventional Reservoirs written by Alireza Bahadori and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-18 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery from Conventional and Unconventional Reservoirs delivers the proper foundation on all types of currently utilized and upcoming enhanced oil recovery, including methods used in emerging unconventional reservoirs. Going beyond traditional secondary methods, this reference includes advanced water-based EOR methods which are becoming more popular due to CO2 injection methods used in EOR and methods specific to target shale oil and gas activity. Rounding out with a chapter devoted to optimizing the application and economy of EOR methods, the book brings reservoir and petroleum engineers up-to-speed on the latest studies to apply. Enhanced oil recovery continues to grow in technology, and with ongoing unconventional reservoir activity underway, enhanced oil recovery methods of many kinds will continue to gain in studies and scientific advancements. Reservoir engineers currently have multiple outlets to gain knowledge and are in need of one product go-to reference. - Explains enhanced oil recovery methods, focusing specifically on those used for unconventional reservoirs - Includes real-world case studies and examples to further illustrate points - Creates a practical and theoretical foundation with multiple contributors from various backgrounds - Includes a full range of the latest and future methods for enhanced oil recovery, including chemical, waterflooding, CO2 injection and thermal
Download or read book Catalytic In Situ Upgrading of Heavy and Extra Heavy Crude Oils written by Mikhail A. Varfolomeev and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-06-06 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalytic In-Situ Upgrading of Heavy and Extra-Heavy Crude Oils A comprehensive guide to a cutting-edge and cost-effective refinement process for heavy oil Oil sufficiently viscous that it cannot flow normally from production wells is called heavy oil and constitutes as much as 70% of global oil reserves. Extracting and refining this oil can pose significant challenges, including very high transportation costs. As a result, processes which produce and partially refine heavy oil in situ, known as catalytic upgrading, are an increasingly important part of the heavy oil extraction process, and the reduced carbon footprint associated with these methods promises to make them even more significant in the coming years. Catalytic In-Situ Upgrading of Heavy and Extra-Heavy Crude Oils provides a comprehensive introduction to these processes. It introduces the properties and characteristics of heavy and extra-heavy oil before discussing different catalysts and catalyzing processes, their mechanisms and underlying physics, and more. It offers the full sweep of description and analysis required for petroleum and chemical engineers to understand this vital aspect of the modern oil industry. Readers will also find: Detailed discussion of subjects including electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and more Analysis of both liquid catalysts and nanoparticle catalysts A numerical simulation of the catalytic in-situ oil upgrading process Catalytic In-Situ Upgrading of Heavy and Extra-Heavy Crude Oils is a valuable reference for petroleum and chemical engineers as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students in related fields.
Download or read book Heavy Oil Production Processes written by James G. Speight and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2013-03-05 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As conventional-oil resources are depleted worldwide, vast heavy oil reserves available in various parts of the world become increasingly important as a secure future energy source. Brief but readable, Heavy Oil Production Processes discusses the latest improvements in production processes including; thermal methods (steam floods, cyclic steam stimulation, SAGD) as well as non-thermal methods (cold flow with sand production, cyclic solvent process, VAPEX). The book begins with an overview of the chemistry, engineering, and technology of heavy oil as they evolve into the twenty-first century. The preceding chapters are written to provide a basic understanding of each technology, evolving processes and new processes as well as the various environmental regulations. Clear and rigorous, Heavy Oil Production Processes will prove useful for those scientists and engineers already engaged in fossil fuel science and technology as well as scientists, non-scientists, engineers, and non-engineers who wish to gain a general overview or update of the science and technology of fossil fuels. The not only does the book discuss the production processes but also provides methods which should reduce environmental footprint and improve profitability. - Overview of the chemistry, engineering, and technology of oil sands - Updates on the evolving processes and new processes - Evolving and new environmental regulations regarding oil sands production
Download or read book Investigation of In situ Combustion Kinetics Using the Isoconversional Principle written by Bo Chen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In-situ combustion (ISC) is the most energy efficient thermal enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method implemented in crude-oil reservoirs. The worldwide implementation of ISC in commercial field projects reached a maximum of 19 during the period of 1970's to 1990's, but it has declined to 4 active operations nowadays. Many failed projects are due to incorrect operations. Understanding the complicated combustion kinetics during the ISC process is essential and significantly important to optimize field operation. The combination of the experimental tool, ramped temperature oxidation (RTO), and the measured data interpretation method, isoconversional principle, provides a workflow to unlock the complicated characteristics of ISC kinetics. Conducting reliable or repeatable RTO experiments for isoconversional interpretation is the baseline for the workflow. Simulations coupled with a synthetic reaction model in an in-house virtual kinetic cell (VKC) simulator show that reducing temperature deviation caused by exothermic reactions is critical to carry out consistent RTO experiments. The argument is supported by a series of RTO experiments of the same crude-oil mixture, but different working conditions with respect to the kinetic cell design, the volumetric flow rate of air injection and the size of the sample mixture. Furthermore, the consistent RTO experimental results prove the model-free nature of the isoconversional principle and its applicability in the investigation of ISC kinetics. An attempt to combine the isoconversional principle and the conventional interpretation method is proposed to interpret kinetic parameters including apparent activation energy, pre-exponential factor and reaction orders for both fuel and oxygen partial pressure. Simulations in the VKC were carried out to test the proposed method for a unit and a non-unit reaction order case. The result showed good matches in the kinetic parameters between the interpretation and the simulations. A three-reaction scheme is proposed for two crude-oil mixtures, Alaska crude-oil and Karamay crude-oil, based on the observation and analysis of the activation energy fingerprints and the effluent data. The stoichiometry and the kinetic parameters for the reaction model are interpreted by the proposed method. The combustion models are verified in the commercial reservoir simulator CMG-STARS regarding the temperature histories, the effluent data from RTO experiments, and the isoconversional fingerprints. Further application of the isoconversional principle to analyze the crude-oil combustion includes investigating the sand and clay surface effect on the reaction paths together with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study the coke formation characteristics and their reaction kinetics. Screening the ISC candidates with respect to different crude-oil/sand-matrix pairs is also discussed. Lastly, the development of a microwave heating system is discussed to replace the conventional electric furnace system to carry out RTO experiments. Three generations of the microwave heating system are developed and discussed.
Download or read book Thermal Methods written by Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2023-04-18 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal Methods, Volume Two, the latest release in the Enhanced Oil Recovery series, helps engineers focus on the latest developments in this fast-growing area. In the book, different techniques are described in addition to the latest technologies in data mining and hybrid processes. Supported field case studies are included to illustrate a bridge between research and practical applications, making it useful for both academics and practicing engineers. Structured to start with thermal concepts and steam flooding, the book's editors then advance to more complex content, guiding engineers into areas such as hybrid thermal methods and edgier technologies that bridge solar and nuclear energy. Supported by a full spectrum of contributors, this book gives petroleum engineers and researchers the latest research developments and field applications to drive innovation for the future of energy. - Presents the latest understanding surrounding the updated research and practical applications specific to thermal enhanced oil recovery methods - Provides an analysis of editors' research on available technology, including hybrid thermal-solvent processes and dual pipe configurations - Teaches about additional methods, such as data mining applications, and economic and environmental considerations
Download or read book Kinetics of Crude oil Combustion in Porous Media Interpreted Using Isoconversional Methods written by Murat Cinar and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One method to access unconventional, heavy-oil and natural bitumen resources as well as waterflood residual oil is to apply in situ combustion (ISC) to oxidize in place a small fraction of the hydrocarbon thereby providing heat to reduce oil viscosity and pressure that enhances recovery. ISC is also attractive because it provides the opportunity to upgrade oil in-situ by increasing the API gravity and decreasing, for instance, sulfur content. Experimental analysis of crude-oil oxidation kinetics provides parameters, such as activation energy, for modeling and optimization of ISC processes. The complex nature of petroleum as a multi-component mixture and multi-step character of oxidation reactions complicates substantially the kinetic analysis of crude-oil. Isoconversional techniques provide model-free methods for estimating activation energy and naturally deconvolve multi-step reactions. In addition, isoconversional methods are also useful as a screening tool to recognize the burning characteristics of different oils. By using experimentally determined combustion kinetics of different oil samples along with combustion tube results, we show that isoconversional analysis of ramped temperature oxidation data is useful to predict combustion-front propagation. It also provides new insight into the nature of the reactions occurring during ISC. Ramped temperature oxidation (RTO) tests with effluent gas analysis are conducted to probe ISC reaction kinetics along with isothermal coke formation experiments. The role of oxygen during coke formation reactions (i.e., fuel formation for ISC) is investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of intermediate reaction products. The XPS data is analyzed along with companion RTO experiments to obtain a simplified multi-step reaction scheme. Synthetic cases illustrate the connection between a proposed reaction scheme for oil/matrix pairs and one-dimensional combustion front propagation. Analysis of experimental results illustrate that the reaction scheme is capable of reproducing experimental results including the basic trends in oxygen consumption and carbon oxides production for RTO experiments as a function of heating rate for both good and poor ISC candidates. The combination of XPS and RTO studies indicates that the quality (or reactivity) of coke formed during the process is a function of oxygen presence/absence.
Download or read book Sustainable In Situ Heavy Oil and Bitumen Recovery written by Mohammadali Ahmadi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-03-24 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable In-Situ Heavy Oil and Bitumen Recovery: Techniques, Case Studies, and Environmental Considerations delivers a critical reference for today's energy engineers who want to gain an accurate understanding of anticipated GHG emissions in heavy oil recovery. Structured to break down every method with introductions, case studies, technical limitations and summaries, this reference gives engineers a look at the latest hybrid approaches needed to tackle heavy oil recoveries while calculating carbon footprints. Starting from basic definitions and rounding out with future challenges, this book will help energy engineers collectively evolve heavy oil recovery with sustainability applications in mind. - Explains environmental footprint considerations within each recovery method - Includes the latest hybrid methods such as Hybrid of Air-CO2N2 and Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS) - Bridges practical knowledge through case studies, summaries and remaining technical challenges
Download or read book In Depth Study of in Situ Combustion Kinetics and Coupling to Flow written by Kuy Hun Koh Yoo and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis furthers understanding of three topics that are critical to In Situ Combustion (ISC) processes: crude oil kinetics, the tools used to model accurately and practically complex kinetic behavior and how oil kinetics couples with flow, especifically in systems with complex permeability distributions. On kinetics, we study the effects of pressure on crude oil kinetics for a large range of pressures and heating rates (1.5, 2.0, 5.0, 7.5, 8.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, and 30.0 °C/min. Our results show that the activation energy of global reactions is not affected by changes in both partial pressure (21, 42, 50, 84, 209, and 250 psi) and absolute pressure (100-2000 psi) with values ranging 50 and 60 kJ/mol for the LTO regime and 90-100 kJ/mol for the HTO regime. Three different crude oils were tested. For one of the crude oils, we observe an increasing trend in oxygen consumption as absolute pressure is increased up to a critical pressure (~500 psi), after which it remains constant. This is associated to light component evaporation at low pressures, decreasing the amount of oil available for fuel generation. Total oxygen consumption starts to decrease again at very large pressures (> 1500 psi) and we associate it to water phase behavior at these conditions. We then propose a workflow and construct the corresponding tools to match Arrhenius-based reaction models for lab-scale numerical simulation models. The workflow is validated by matching multiple reaction models to experimental data obtained for a large range of heating rates (1.5-30 °C/min). On flow, we study instabilities that have been observed during combustion tube experiments by analyzing simple analogous problems and performing perturbation analysis from which we derive a new stability parameter. Finally, we propose and test a new experimental approach to observe directly how oil kinetics evolve under flow conditions by using thermal imaging and combining images with ramped temperature oxidation (RTO) experimental data. Results show that the reaction zone in lab conditions is in the order of centimeters. Reaction zone thicknesses range between 10-30 cm for the LTO zone and 10-50 cm for the HTO zone. Furthermore, we show how the new approach can help investigate complex systems and behaviors, such as oscillations, that could not otherwise be studied with conventional experiments.
Download or read book Petroleum Reservoir Engineering Practice written by Nnaemeka Ezekwe and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2010-09-09 with total page 1023 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Complete, Up-to-Date, Practical Guide to Modern Petroleum Reservoir Engineering This is a complete, up-to-date guide to the practice of petroleum reservoir engineering, written by one of the world’s most experienced professionals. Dr. Nnaemeka Ezekwe covers topics ranging from basic to advanced, focuses on currently acceptable practices and modern techniques, and illuminates key concepts with realistic case histories drawn from decades of working on petroleum reservoirs worldwide. Dr. Ezekwe begins by discussing the sources and applications of basic rock and fluid properties data. Next, he shows how to predict PVT properties of reservoir fluids from correlations and equations of state, and presents core concepts and techniques of reservoir engineering. Using case histories, he illustrates practical diagnostic analysis of reservoir performance, covers essentials of transient well test analysis, and presents leading secondary and enhanced oil recovery methods. Readers will find practical coverage of experience-based procedures for geologic modeling, reservoir characterization, and reservoir simulation. Dr. Ezekwe concludes by presenting a set of simple, practical principles for more effective management of petroleum reservoirs. With Petroleum Reservoir Engineering Practice readers will learn to • Use the general material balance equation for basic reservoir analysis • Perform volumetric and graphical calculations of gas or oil reserves • Analyze pressure transients tests of normal wells, hydraulically fractured wells, and naturally fractured reservoirs • Apply waterflooding, gasflooding, and other secondary recovery methods • Screen reservoirs for EOR processes, and implement pilot and field-wide EOR projects. • Use practical procedures to build and characterize geologic models, and conduct reservoir simulation • Develop reservoir management strategies based on practical principles Throughout, Dr. Ezekwe combines thorough coverage of analytical calculations and reservoir modeling as powerful tools that can be applied together on most reservoir analyses. Each topic is presented concisely and is supported with copious examples and references. The result is an ideal handbook for practicing engineers, scientists, and managers—and a complete textbook for petroleum engineering students.
Download or read book Oil Sand Production Processes written by James G. Speight and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of global warming and peak oil has made finding alternative sources of energy more important than ever. Written in an easy-to-read format, Oil Sands Production Processes provide the reader with an understandable overview of the chemistry, engineering, and technology of oil sands. The various chapters have been written to include the latest developments in the oil sands industry, including evolving and new processes as well as the various environmental regulations. - Overview of the chemistry, engineering, and technology of oil sands - Updates on the evolving processes and new processes - Evolving and new environmental regulations regarding oil sands production processes
