Download or read book Improving the Performance and Fuel Consumption of Dual Chamber Stratified Charge Spark Ignition Engines written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the nature of the combustion processes in a dual chamber stratified charge spark ignition engine is described. This work concentrated on understanding the mixing process in the main chamber gases. A specially constructed single cylinder engine was used to both conduct experiments to study mixing effects and to obtain experimental data for the validation of the computer model which was constructed in the theoretical portion of the study. The test procedures are described. Studies were conducted on the effect of fuel injection timing on performance and emissions using the combination of orifice size and prechamber to main chamber flow rate ratio which gave the best overall compromise between emissions and performance. In general, fuel injection gave slightly higher oxides of nitrogen, but considerably lower hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions than the carbureted form of the engine. Experiments with engine intake port redesign to promote swirl mixing indicated a substantial increase in the power output from the engine and, that an equivalent power levels, the nitric oxide emissions are approximately 30% lower with swirl in the main chamber than without swirl. The development of a computer simulation of the combustion process showed that a one-dimensional combustion model can be used to accurately predict trends in engine operation conditions and nitric oxide emissions even though the actual flame in the engine is not completely one-dimensional, and that a simple model for mixing of the main chamber and prechamber intake gases at the start of compression proved adequate to explain the effects of swirl, ignition timing, overall fuel air ratio, volumetric efficiency, and variations in prechamber air fuel ratio and fuel rate percentage on engine power and nitric oxide emissions. (LCL).
Download or read book Improving the Performance and Exhaust Emissions of Dual Chamber Stratified Charge Spark Ignition Engines written by Kenneth William Grandys and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.
Download or read book Automotive Spark Ignited Direct Injection Gasoline Engines written by F. Zhao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-02-08 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed. The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injections are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective; the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed. The fuel economy and emission data for actual engine configurations have been obtained and assembled for all of the available GDI literature, and are reviewed and discussed in detail. The types of GDI engines are arranged in four classifications of decreasing complexity, and the advantages and disadvantages of each class are noted and explained. Emphasis is placed upon consensus trends and conclusions that are evident when taken as a whole; thus the GDI researcher is informed regarding the degree to which engine volumetric efficiency and compression ratio can be increased under optimized conditions, and as to the extent to which unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), NOx and particulate emissions can be minimized for specific combustion strategies. The critical area of GDI fuel injector deposits and the associated effect on spray geometry and engine performance degradation are reviewed, and important system guidelines for minimizing deposition rates and deposit effects are presented. The capabilities and limitations of emission control techniques and after treatment hardware are reviewed in depth, and a compilation and discussion of areas of consensus on attaining European, Japanese and North American emission standards presented. All known research, prototype and production GDI engines worldwide are reviewed as to performance, emissions and fuel economy advantages, and for areas requiring further development. The engine schematics, control diagrams and specifications are compiled, and the emission control strategies are illustrated and discussed. The influence of lean-NOx catalysts on the development of late-injection, stratified-charge GDI engines is reviewed, and the relative merits of lean-burn, homogeneous, direct-injection engines as an option requiring less control complexity are analyzed.
Download or read book Stratified Charge Engines written by Institution of Mechanical Engineers (Great Britain). Automobile Division and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Combustion Simulation of a Dual Chamber Stratified Charge Spark Ignition Engine written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cost Effectiveness and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.
Download or read book The Effect of Combustion Chamber Modifications on the Fuel Economy of the Broderson Stratified Charge Spark Ignition Engine written by Stephen Francis De Nagel and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance and Emissions from a Dual Chamber Stratified Charge Engine written by Chalilullah Rangkuti and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Active Flow Control for Maximizing Performance of Spark Ignited Stratified Charge Engines Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reducing the cycle-to-cycle variability present in stratified-charge engines is an important step in the process of increasing their efficiency. As a result of this cycle-to-cycle variability, fuel injection systems are calibrated to inject more fuel than necessary, in an attempt to ensure that the engines fire on every cycle. When the cycle-to-cycle variability is lowered, the variation of work per cycle is reduced and the lean operating limit decreases, resulting in increased fuel economy. In this study an active flow control device is used to excite the intake flow of an engine at various frequencies. The goal of this excitation is to control the way in which vortices shed off of the intake valve, thus lowering the cycle-to-cycle variability in the flow field. This method of controlling flow is investigated through the use of three engines. The results of this study show that the active flow control device did help to lower the cycle-to-cycle variability of the in-cylinder flow field; however, the reduction did not translate directly into improved engine performance.
Download or read book Mixing and Charge Preparation Effects in a Dual Chamber Stratified Charge Spark Ignition Engine written by S. C. Sorenson and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigating the Performance and Exhaust Emissions of a Fuel Injected Dual Chamber Stratified Charge Engine written by James Joseph Bruckbauer and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lean Burn and Stratified Combustion Strategies for Small Utility Engines written by Chandan Mahato and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research presented in this thesis is an effort to improve small engine combustion through the application of lean combustion. The first part of the research is focused on conducting an experimental investigation into the application of lean burn strategy on a single cylinder OHV utility engine to reduce engine-out emissions and at the same time maintain acceptable cyclic variability in combustion. The parameters of interest to investigate cyclic variability in combustion were spark plug variations, load control and charge stratification. The main findings showed that the spark discharge energy had a major influence on engine performance. It was also found that the engine can be operated at a high volumetric efficiency and very lean AFR at 75% and 50% load by the use of fuel injection. This is especially helpful for small engines operating on the EPA B-cycle. The second part of the research deals with the study of a Flat head, also known as side valve (SV) engine platform. A novel approach to lean combustion in a flat head engine is proposed by directly injecting gasoline fuel into the combustion chamber. The main advantage of the direct injection flat head (DIFH) engine over the conventional OHV GDI engine is its simplicity in design, low cost and, greater flexibility in placement of key engine performance hardware in the cylinder head. To first understand the behavior of the in-cylinder air motion, the air-flow structure developing within the combustion chamber was investigated using PIV techniques. The results show that squish is the dominant turbulence generating mean flow structure in the combustion chamber of the DIFH engine. Although the DIFH engine produced about 8 times more UHC emissions as compared to the conventional spark ignited OHV engines, it produced about 5 times less CO emissions as compared to the OHV engine and showed a 16% improvement in brake specific fuel consumption. The current combustion chamber has a dual chamber design exhibiting different combustion mechanisms in both the chambers, causing complex undesirable interactions between key engine performance parameters. Based on these fundamental studies a new combustion chamber design is presented for better performance.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engine Modifications and Exhaust Emission Control written by Wolfgang E. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stratified charge Operation of a Spark ignition Engine written by Lloyd Willard Jedeka and published by . This book was released on 1940 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
