Download or read book Improving the Fermilab Booster Notching Efficiency Beam Losses and Radiation Levels written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fast vertical 1.08-m long kicker (notcher) located in the Fermilab Booster Long-05 straight section is currently used to remove 3 out of 84 circulating bunches after injection to generate an abort gap. With the maximum magnetic field of 72.5 Gauss, it removes only 87% of the 3-bunch intensity at 400 MeV, with 75% loss on pole tips of the focusing Booster magnets, 11% on the Long-06 collimators, and 1% in the rest of the ring. We propose to improve the notching efficiency and reduce beam loss in the Booster by using three horizontal kickers in the Long-12 section. STRUCT calculations show that using horizontal notchers, one can remove up to 96% of the 3-bunch intensity at 400-700 MeV, directing 95% of it to a new beam dump at the Long-13 section. This fully decouples notching and collimation. The beam dump absorbs most of the impinging proton energy in its jaws. The latter are encapsulated into an appropriate radiation shielding that reduces impact on the machine components, personnel and environment to the tolerable levels. MARS simulations show that corresponding prompt and residual radiation levels can be reduced ten times compared to the current ones.

Download or read book Fermilab Booster Beam Collimation and Shielding written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The beam power in the upgraded Booster at 8 GeV and 10 Hz will be 64 kW. Beam loss can result in high radiation loads in the ring. The purpose of a new beam halo cleaning system is to localize proton losses in specially shielded regions. Calculations show that this 2-stage collimation system will localize about 99% of beam loss in straight sections 6 and 7 and immediately downstream. Beam loss in the rest of the machine will be on average 0.1W/m. Local shielding will provide tolerable prompt and residual radiation levels in the tunnel, above the tunnel at the surface and in the sump water. Results of thorough MARS calculations are presented for a new design which includes shielding integrated with the collimators, motors and controls ensuring a high performance and facilitating maintenance. First measurements of the collimation efficiency are presented.

Download or read book Fermilab Booster Operational Status written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beam loss reduction and control challenges confronting the Fermilab Booster are presented in the context of the current operational status. In Summer 2002 the programmatic demand for 8 GeV protons will increase to 5E20/year. This is an order of magnitude above recent high rates and nearly as many protons as the machine has produced in its entire 30-year lifetime. Catastrophic radiation damage to accelerator components must be avoided, maintenance in an elevated residual radiation environment must be addressed, and operation within a tight safety envelope must be conducted to limit prompt radiation in the buildings and grounds around the Booster. Diagnostic and performance tracking improvements, enhanced orbit control, and a beam loss collimation/localization system are essential elements in the approach to achieving the expected level of performance and are described here.

Download or read book Beam Loss Residual Radiation and Collimation and Shielding in the Fermilab Booster written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During its 30 years of operation, the Fermilab Booster has served only as an injector for the relatively low repetition rate proton accelerator complex. With the construction of an 8 GeV target station for the 5 Hz MiniBooNE neutrino beam and rapid multi-batch injection into the Main Injector for the NuMI experiment, the demand for Booster protons will increase dramatically over the next few years. This implies serious constraints on beam losses in the machine. A collimation system and shielding design based on realistic Monte Carlo simulations are presented. A two-stage beam collimation system with local shielding has been designed. It provides adequate protection of the Booster components and environment by localizing operational losses. This loss control is a key to the entire future Fermilab high energy physics program.

Download or read book Operational Experience with Beam Loss Shielding and Residual Radiation in the Fermilab Proton Source written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A report on beam loss, radiation shielding, and residual radiation experiences and status in the Fermilab Linac and Booster is presented. Historically, the Linac/Booster system has served only as an injector for the relatively low repetition rate Main Ring synchrotron. With the construction of an 8 GeV target station for the 5 Hz MiniBooNE neutrino beam and rapid multi-batch injection into the Main Injector for the NUMI experiment, the demand for Booster protons will increase dramatically over the next few years. Booster beam loss reduction and control are key to the entire future Fermilab high energy physics program.

Download or read book Performance and Measurements of the Fermilab Booster written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We will describe measurements of the beam in the Fermilab Booster during the first five milliseconds. Most of the particle losses in the Booster are over after the first few milliseconds. At high intensity of 4 x 1012 the transmission is 75%. Such high beam loss can be a limiting factor for future high repetition rate operation of the Booster. The evidence, although indirect, suggests that the losses are the result of incoherent space-charge effects at low energy.

Download or read book Challenges to the Fermilab Linac and Booster Accelerators written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A report on the challenges confronting the Fermilab Linac and Booster accelerators is presented. Plans to face those challenges are discussed. Historically, the Linac/Booster system has served only as an injector for the relatively low repetition rate Main Ring synchrotron. With construction of an 8 GeV target station for the 5 Hz MiniBooNE neutrino beam and requirements for rapid multi-batch injection into the Main Injector for the NUMI/MINOS experiment, the demand for 8 GeV protons will increase more than an order of magnitude above recent high levels. To meet this challenge, enhanced ion source performance, better Booster orbit control, a beam loss collimation/localization system, and improved diagnostics are among the items being pursued. Booster beam loss reduction and control are key to the entire near future Fermilab high energy physics program.

Download or read book Beam Studies for the Proton Improvement Plan PIP Reducing Beam Loss at the Fermilab Booster written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Catalogue de bons livres de feu M Dequeux de Beauval written by and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Early Beam Injection Scheme for the Fermilab Booster written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, Fermilab has focused efforts on the intensity frontier physics and is committed to increase the average beam power delivered to the neutrino and muon programs substantially. Many upgrades to the existing injector accelerators, namely, the current 400 MeV LINAC and the Booster, are in progress under the Proton Improvement Plan (PIP). Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) proposes to replace the existing 400 MeV LINAC by a new 800 MeV LINAC, as an injector to the Booster which will increase Booster output power by nearly a factor of two from the PIP design value by the end of its completion. In any case, the Fermilab Booster is going to play a very significant role for nearly next two decades. In this context, I have developed and investigated a new beam injection scheme called "early injection scheme" (EIS) for the Booster with the goal to significantly increase the beam intensity output from the Booster thereby increasing the beam power to the HEP experiments even before PIP-II era. The scheme, if implemented, will also help improve the slip-stacking efficiency in the MI/RR. Here I present results from recent simulations, beam studies, current status and future plans for the new scheme.

Download or read book Improving the Fermilab Booster Emittance written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demand of high luminosity in the Tevatron collider in Fermilab makes the small beam emittance coming out of the 8 GeV Booster a highly desirable feature. This is because Booster bunches with small emittance, when eventually coalesced into Main Ring bunches, will ensure a high luminosity in the collider. Efforts have been made to identify factors limiting the phase space density in both transverse and longitudinal dimensions. The experimental result points to space charge induced tune spread at low energy as the main factor limiting the transverse phase space density, and the space charge induced phase space dilution at transition and longitudinal coupled bunch instability as the factors limiting the longitudinal phase space density. To counteract these factors, a set of harmonic correction sextupoles and skew sextupoles were implemented to reduce the third order resonances in the transverse case. In the longitudinal case a .gamma./sub t/-jump system was implemented to ease the bunch tumbling after transition, and various schemes to damp the longitudinal coupled bunch instability are either implemented or being reviewed. Future plans and efforts will be mentioned briefly at the end of this article. 3 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

Download or read book Measurement of Transverse Emittance in the Fermilab Booster written by William Sproull Graves and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alignment and Aperture Scan at the Fermilab Booster written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fermilab Booster is currently in the process of an intensity upgrade referred to as the Proton Improvement Plan (PIP). The goal of PIP is to have the Booster provide a proton beam flux of 2 x 1017 protons/hour. This is almost double the current operation of 1.1 x 1017 protons/hour. Beam losses in the machine due to the increased flux will create larger integrated doses on aperture limiting components that will need to be mitigated. The Booster accelerates beam from 400 MeV to 8 GeV at a rep rate of 15hz and then extracts beam to the Main Injector. Several percent of the beam is lost within 3 msec after injection in the early part of acceleration. The aperture at injection energy was recently measured using corrector scans. Along with magnet survey data and aperture scan data a plan to realign the magnets in the Booster was developed and implemented in May 2012. The beam studies, analysis of the scan and alignment data, and the result of the magnet moves are presented.

Download or read book Development of the Beam Extraction Synchronization System at the Fermilab Booster written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new beam extraction synchronization control system called "Magnetic Cogging" was developed at the Fermilab Booster and it replaces a system called "RF Cogging" as part of the Proton Improvement Plan (PIP). [1] The flux throughput goal for the PIP is 2.2×1017 protons per hour, which is double the present flux. Thus, the flux increase will be accomplished by doubling the number of beam cycles which, in turn, will double the beam loss in the Booster accelerator if nothing else is done.

Download or read book Measuring Correlations Between Beam Loss and Residual Radiation in the Fermilab Main Injector written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to control beam loss for high intensity operation of the Fermilab Main Injector, electronics has been implemented to provide detailed loss measurements using gas-filled ionization monitors. Software to enhance routine operation and studies has been developed and losses are logged for each acceleration cycle. A systematic study of residual radiation at selected locations in the accelerator tunnel have been carried out by logging residual radiation at each of 142 bar-coded locations. We report on fits of the residual radiation measurements to half-life weighted sums of the beam loss data using a few characteristic lifetimes. The data are now available over a multi-year period including residual radiation measurements repeated multiple times during three extended facility shutdown periods. Measurement intervals of a few weeks combined with variable delays between beam off time and the residual measurement permits sensitivity to lifetimes from hours to years. The results allow planning for work in radiation areas to be based on calibrated analytic models.

Download or read book Longitudinal Motion of the Beam in the Fermilab Booster written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Fermilab Booster Accelerator is operated at or above 1.5 x 1012 protons per pulse (extraction current about 155 mA) large amplitude coupled bunch longitudinal dipole oscillations occur between transition and extraction times. The oscillations do not contribute to beam loss in the booster but, because the beam is transferred synchronously into preexisting buckets in the Main Ring, the oscillations contribute to a deterioration of beam quality in the main ring. Two mode numbers have been established for the instabilities and the primary source frequencies have been isolated, although the offending objects have not. Operation of one of the eighteen accelerating cavities at a harmonic number one unit lower than the operating value (83 instead of 84) effectively damps the motion by the introduction bunch to bunch synchrotron tune spread.

Download or read book Fermilab Recycler Collimation System Design written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To provide 700 kW proton beams for neutrino production in the NuMI facility, we employ slip stacking in the Recycler with transfer to the Main Injector for recapture and acceleration. Slip stacking with 12 Booster batches per 1.33 sec cycle of the Main Injector has been implemented and briefly tested while extensive operation with 8 batches and 10 batches per MI cycle has been demonstrated. Operation in this mode since 2013 shows that loss localization is an essential component for long term operation. Beam loss in the Recycler will be localized in a collimation region with design capability for absorbing up to 2 kW of lost protons in a pair of 20-Ton collimators (absorbers). This system will employ a two stage collimation with a thin molybdenum scattering foil to define the bottom edge of both the injected and decelerated-for-slipping beams. Optimization and engineering design of the collimator components and radiation shielding are based on comprehensive MARS15 simulations predicting high collimation efficiency as well as tolerable levels of prompt and residual radiation. The system installation during the Fermilab 2016 facility shutdown will permit commissioning in the subsequent operating period.