Download or read book Improving the Calandria Tubes for CANDU Reactors electronic Resource written by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited and published by Chalk River, Ontario : Chalk River Laboratories. This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improving the calandria tubes for CANDU reactors written by C. E. Coleman and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent inspections have indicated that carbon steel outlet feeder pipes in some candu reactors are experiencing wall loss near the exit from the reactor core. this phenomenon is not observed in inlet feeder pipes. examination of a sample of pipe removed from a candu 6 reactor has indicated that the mechanism causing the wall loss is flow-accelerated corrosion (fac), at rates higher than expected, but two orders of magnitude lower than those typically observed in secondary circuits of nuclear and conventional power plants. although the candu reactor outlet feeder operating temperatures and the use of lioh at a high ph should have ensured low corrosion rates, use of sa 106 grade b carbon steel with a low chromium content resulted in some susceptibility to fac. the main parameter influencing the rate of wall loss is the coolant velocity, with the bend angle playing a secondary role. a solubility-based mathematical model describing the effects of water chemistry and coolant hydrodynamics on the rate of fac has been developed and has been recently improved by the empirical incorporation of the effect of electrochemical potential on the solubility of magnetite. experiment and theory have indicated that the corrosion rates are lower at lower ph values within the permissible operating range. experiments are being conducted to obtain more information on the effects of water chemistry and material composition on fac. current results support the predicted effects of ph and carbon steel chromium content on the fac rate. remedial measures implemented include operation of existing reactors at the lower end of the specified ph range and the specification of a minimum of 0.20 wt% cr in the carbon steel of feeder pipes of future candu reactors.
Download or read book Development of Crystallographic Texture in CANDU Calandria Tubes written by Theaker, JR. and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Zircaloy-2 calandria tubes in a CANDU nuclear reactor separate the hot Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes from the cool moderator. These tubes are about 6 m long, have an outside diameter of 132 mm, and a wall thickness of 1.4 mm. To date, their performance has been exemplary. A possible feature for future reactors is to increase the strength of these calandria tubes to reduce the economic consequences of a hypothetical accident. The current method of fabrication is to form a sheet of Zircaloy-2 into a cylinder, then weld along the length. In fixed-end burst tests such tubes always fracture in the weld area because of the differences in crystallographic texture between the parent metal and the weld; eliminating the weld would increase the strength and ductility of the tube. We have evaluated four manufacturing routes for seamless tubes. To realize high biaxial strength, we require a large fraction of basal plane normals in the radial direction, FR. This paper describes these manufacturing routes, the calandria tube properties generated by the individual manufacturing routes, and their applicability for the CANDU system. The results show that the biaxial strength of a seamless calandria tube becomes greater with an increase in FR, which is related to the amount of cold work used to make the tubes, with saturation in FR after about 95% cold work. The results are interpreted in terms of anisotropic factors determined from uniaxial tension tests.
Download or read book Life assessment of the calandria tubes in operating CANDU reactors written by A. Villamagna and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical heat flux on CANDU reactor calandria tubes written by J. T. Rogers and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improved calandria tube deveopment requirements written by L. A. Beresford and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimization of pressure tube to calandria tube gap heat transfer in advanced CANDU reactors written by T. Nitheanandan and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improved Zr 2 5Nb Pressure Tubes for Reduced Diametral Strain in Advanced CANDU Reactors written by G. A. Bickel and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an Advanced CANDU Reactor (ACR) (ACR is a registered trademark of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited), pressure tubes of cold-worked Zr-2.5Nb materials will be used in the reactor core to contain the fuel bundles and the light water coolant. They will be subjected to higher temperature, pressure, and flux than those in a CANDU (CANDU is a registered trademark of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited) reactor, and accordingly require a thicker wall (6.5 mm for ACR versus 4.2 mm for CANDU). In order to ensure that these tubes will perform acceptably over their 30-year design life in such an environment, a study to model and forecast the performance of these thicker pressure tubes has been undertaken. One of the main requirements for the pressure tube is to have low diametral creep. Based on previous experience with CANDU reactor pressure tube performance and manufacture, an assessment of the grain structure and texture of the ACR pressure tubes indicates that the in-reactor creep deformation will be improved. Analysis of the distribution of texture parameters from a trial batch of 26 tubes shows that the variability is reduced relative to tubes fabricated in the past. This reduction in variability together with a shift to a coarser grain structure will result in a reduction in diametral creep design limits and thus a longer economic life for the fuel channels of the advanced CANDU reactor.
Download or read book Pressure tube calandria tube contact data post irradiation examination of CANDU reactor pressure tubes at Chalk River Laboratories written by M. D. Mcmanus and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An updated design equation for the deformation of zircaloy 2 calandria tubes in CANDU reactors written by A. R. Causey and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improving the Service Life and Performance of CANDU Fuel Channels electronic Resource written by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited and published by Chalk River, Ont. : Research and Product Development, Chalk River Laboratories. This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Replacement of pressure tubes in CANDU reactors written by E. G. Price and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of crystallographic texture in CANDU calandria tubes written by J. R. Theaker and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Resistance of CANDU calandria tubes to crack growth written by C. E. Ells and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sag and elongation in a CANDU 3 reactor fuel channel with high strength calandria tubes written by A. R. Causey and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The strength of CANDU calandria tubes written by C. E. Cells and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tensile Properties of Irradiated Calandria Tubes at Low to High Rates of Strain written by Randy W. L. Fong and published by Chalk River, Ont. : Chalk River Laboratories. This book was released on 1997 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
