Download or read book Improving Childhood Blood Lead Level Screening Reporting and Surveillance in Allegheny County Pennsylvania written by Donna Keyser and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2006 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lead poisoning remains a serious, preventable environmental health threat to young children, and its elimination is a key goal of U.S. public health policy. This report focuses on screening, reporting, and surveillance of childhood blood lead levels in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, through a review of relevant literature, state and county reporting and surveillance databases, and interviews and focus groups.
Download or read book American Book Publishing Record written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 1132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report Card on Blood Lead Screening in Allegheny County written by Shirley Hui and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Illinois Childhood Lead Poisoning Surveillance Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recommendations for Blood Lead Screening of Medicaid eligible Children Aged 1 5 Years written by Mary Jean Brown and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Lead is a potent, pervasive neurotoxicant, and elevated blood lead levels (EBLLs) can result in decreased IQ, academic failure, and behavioral problems in children. Eliminating EBLLs among children is one of the 2010 U.S. national health objectives. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) indicate substantial decreases both in the percentage of persons in the United States with EBLLs and in mean BLLs among all age and ethnic groups, including children aged 1-5 years. Historically, children in low-income families served by public assistance programs have been considered to be at greater risk for EBLLs than other children. However, evidence indicates that children in low-income families are experiencing decreases in BLLs, suggesting that the EBLL disparity between Medicaid-eligible children and non-Medicaid-eligible children is diminishing. In response to these findings, the CDC Advisory Committee on Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention is updating recommendations for blood lead screening among children eligible for Medicaid by providing recommendations for improving BLL screening and information for health-care providers, state officials, and others interested in lead-related services for Medicaid-eligible children. Because state and local officials are more familiar than federal agencies with local risk for EBLLs, CDC recommends that these officials have the flexibility to develop blood lead screening strategies that reflect local risk for EBLLs. Rather than provide universal screening to all Medicaid children, which was previously recommended, state and local officials should target screening toward specific groups of children in their area at higher risk for EBLLs. This report presents the updated CDC recommendations and provides strategies to 1) improve screening rates of children at risk for EBLLs, 2) develop surveillance strategies that are not solely dependent on BLL testing, and 3) assist states with evaluation of screening plans."--P. 1.
Download or read book Lead Poisoning written by Bernice Steinhardt and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000-07 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lead poisoning, a preventable condition, is one of the most serious environmental health threats to children in the U.S. This report reviews federal activities for ensuring that at-risk children receive screening & treatment for lead poisoning. In particular, it addresses the risk of lead poisoning faced by children served by federal health care programs, the extent to which children served by these programs have been screened for this condition, reasons why screenings may not be occurring, & problems faced by federal health care programs in ensuring that children who have been identified as having harmful lead levels in their blood receive timely follow-up treatment.
Download or read book Statistical Analysis of Blood Lead Levels of Children Surveyed in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania written by Walter D. Urban and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surveillance for Elevated Blood Lead Levels Among Children United States 1997 2001 written by Debra J. Brody and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PROBLEM/CONDITION: Lead is neurotoxic and particularly harmful to the developing nervous systems of fetuses and young children. Extremely high blood lead levels (BLLs) (i.e.,> or =70 microg/dL) can cause severe neurologic problems (e.g., seizure, coma, and death). However, no threshold has been determined regarding lead's harmful effects on children's learning and behavior. In 1990, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services established a national goal to eliminate BLLs >25 microg/dL by 2000; a new goal targets elimination of BLLs > or =10 microg/dL in children aged 6 years by 2010. REPORTING PERIOD: Information regarding children's BLLs comes from 1) National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) conducted during 1976-1980, 1988-1991, 1991-1994, and 1999-2000; and 2) state child blood lead surveillance data for test results collected during 1997-2001. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: CDC tracks children's BLLs in the United States by using both NHANES and state and local surveillance data. NHANES reports data regarding children aged 1-5 years; state and local surveillance systems report data regarding children aged 72 months. Because lead exposure in children varies among populations and communities, both surveys are needed to determine the burden of elevated BLLs among young children throughout the United States. NHANES uses highly standardized data-collection procedures and probability samples to gather information regarding the health and nutritional status of the civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. population. State and local childhood lead surveillance systems are based on reports of blood lead tests from laboratories. State and local programs submit data to CDC annually. In this report, confirmed elevated BLLs are defined as one venous blood specimen or =10 microg/dL or two capillary blood specimens or =10 microg/dL drawn within 12 weeks of each other. RESULTS: The NHANES 1999-2000 survey estimated that 434,000 children (95% confidence interval = 189,000-846,000) or 2.2% of children aged 1-5 years had BLLs > or =10 microg/dL. For 2001, a total of 44 states, the District of Columbia (DC), and New York City (NYC) submitted child blood lead surveillance data to CDC. These jurisdictions represent 95% of the U.S. population of children aged 72 months and 97% of the nation's pre-1950 housing. The number of children tested and reported to CDC increased from 1,703,356 in 1997 (37 states, DC, and NYC reporting), to 2,422,298 in 2001 (44 states, DC, and NYC reporting). During that time, the number of children reported with confirmed elevated BLLs or =10 microg/dL steadily decreased from 130,512 in 1997 to 74,887 in 2001. In 2000, the year targeted for national elimination of BLLs >25 microg/dL, a total of 8,723 children had BLLs > or =25 microg/dL. INTERPRETATION: Both national surveys and state surveillance data indicate children's BLLs continue to decline throughout the United States. However, thousands of children continue to be identified with elevated BLLs. The 2000 goal of eliminating BLLs >25 microg/dL was not met. Attaining the 2010 goal of eliminating BLLs > or =10 microg/dL will require intensified efforts to target areas at highest risk, evaluate preventive measures, and improve the quality of surveillance data. PUBLIC HEALTH ACTIONS: States will continue to use surveillance data to 1) promote legislation supporting lead poisoning prevention activities, 2) obtain funding, 3) identify risk groups, 4) target and evaluate prevention activities, and 5) monitor and describe progress toward elimination of BLLs > or =10 microg/dL. CDC will work with state and local programs to improve tracking systems and the collection, timeliness, and quality of surveillance data.
Download or read book Annual Report written by Allegheny County (Pa.). Health Dept and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Future of Public Health written by Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Nation has lost sight of its public health goals and has allowed the system of public health to fall into 'disarray'," from The Future of Public Health. This startling book contains proposals for ensuring that public health service programs are efficient and effective enough to deal not only with the topics of today, but also with those of tomorrow. In addition, the authors make recommendations for core functions in public health assessment, policy development, and service assurances, and identify the level of government--federal, state, and local--at which these functions would best be handled.
Download or read book Regional Cooperation for Water Quality Improvement in Southwestern Pennsylvania written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-04 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The city of Pittsburgh and surrounding area of southwestern Pennsylvania face complex water quality problems, due in large part to aging wastewater infrastructures that cannot handle sewer overflows and stormwater runoff, especially during wet weather. Other problems such as acid mine drainage are a legacy of the region's past coal mining, heavy industry, and manufacturing economy. Currently, water planning and management in southwestern Pennsylvania is highly fragmented; federal and state governments, 11 counties, hundreds of municipalities, and other entities all play roles, but with little coordination or cooperation. The report finds that a comprehensive, watershed-based approach is needed to effectively meet water quality standards throughout the region in the most cost-effective manner. The report outlines both technical and institutional alternatives to consider in the development and implementation of such an approach.
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Download or read book Abridged Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hepatitis Surveillance written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hospital Literature Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immunization Safety Review written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-07-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By two years of age, healthy infants in the United States can receive up to 20 vaccinations to protect against 11 diseases. Although most people know that vaccines effectively protect against serious infectious diseases, approximately one-quarter of parents in a recent survey believe that infants get more vaccines than are good for them, and that too many immunizations could overwhelm an infant's immune system. The Immunization Safety Review Committee reviewed the evidence regarding the hypothesis that multiple immunizations increase the risk for immune dysfunction. Specifically, the committee looked at evidence of potential biological mechanisms and at epidemiological evidence for or against causality related to risk for infections, the autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes, and allergic disorders.
