Download or read book Improvement of IASCC Resistance for Austenitic Stainless Steels in PWR Environment written by T. Yonezawa and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, irradiation-assisted stress-corrosion cracking (IASCC) of austenitic stainless steels for core internal component materials became a subject of concern for in light water reactors (LWRs). Intergranular cracking of baffle former bolts has been found in pressurized water reactors (PWRs) after long operating periods. Therefore, the authors investigated the possibility of IASCC in austenitic stainless steels used for core internal materials of PWRs in order to estimate the degradation of PWR plants up to the end of their lifetime. In this study, in order to verify the hypothesis that the IASCC in PWRs can be caused by the primary water stress-corrosion cracking (PWSCC) as a result of radiation-induced segregation (RIS) at grain boundaries, the authors melted materials whose bulk compositions simulated the grain boundary compositions of irradiated austenitic stainless steels. The effects of chromium, nickel and silicon content on PWSCC susceptibility was studied by slow strain-rate tensile (SSRT) tests. In order to improve the IASCC resistance of austenitic stainless steels for PWRs, authors developed modified 316CW(cold worked) and high chromium stainless steels. The former steel has high chromium content and ultra low impurity elements within the specification of chemical composition for ASTM A193 B8M Type 316 stainless steel. The latter steel has high chromium content of up to 30% chromium and ultra low impurity elements. Both materials are aged after solution annealing, in order to precipitate the M23C6 carbides coherent with the austenitic matrices along the grain boundaries and to recover the sensitization.
Download or read book Environmentally Assisted Cracking written by R. D. Kane and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2000 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The November 2000 symposium addressed methodologies for evaluation of environmental assisted cracking (EAC) in equipment and structures exposed to corrosive environments, and recent developments in the generation of relevant materials properties data based on laboratory tests. Twenty-seven papers fr
Download or read book Ninth International Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems written by Steve Bruemmer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 1776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents an exchange of ideas among scientists and engineers about the economic and safety concerns surrounding environmentally induced materials problems which lead to nuclear power plant outages. Scientists and engineers concerned with the environmental degradation processes (corrosion, mechanical, and radiation effects) present their latest results on such topics as life extension/relicensing and materials problems associated with spent fuel storage and radioactive waste disposal. This collection will be of interest to utility engineers, reactor vendor engineers, plant architect engineers, researchers concerned with materials degradation, and consultants involved in design, construction, and operation of water reactors.
Download or read book Investigations Into the Improvement of Pitting Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steels written by Marc Erwin Wilms and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Corrosion Science and Engineering written by Damien Feron and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-02-21 with total page 1073 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion of nuclear materials, i.e. the interaction between these materials and their environments, is a major issue for plant safety as well as for operation and economic competitiveness. Understanding these corrosion mechanisms, the systems and materials they affect, and the methods to accurately measure their incidence is of critical importance to the nuclear industry. Combining assessment techniques and analytical models into this understanding allows operators to predict the service life of corrosion-affected nuclear plant materials, and to apply the most appropriate maintenance and mitigation options to ensure safe long term operation.This book critically reviews the fundamental corrosion mechanisms that affect nuclear power plants and facilities. Initial sections introduce the complex field of nuclear corrosion science, with detailed chapters on the different types of both aqueous and non aqueous corrosion mechanisms and the nuclear materials susceptible to attack from them. This is complemented by reviews of monitoring and control methodologies, as well as modelling and lifetime prediction approaches. Given that corrosion is an applied science, the final sections review corrosion issues across the range of current and next-generation nuclear reactors, and across such nuclear applications as fuel reprocessing facilities, radioactive waste storage and geological disposal systems.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Nuclear corrosion science and engineering is an invaluable reference for nuclear metallurgists, materials scientists and engineers, as well as nuclear facility operators, regulators and consultants, and researchers and academics in this field. - Comprehensively reviews the fundamental corrosion mechanisms that affect nuclear power plants and facilities - Chapters assess different types of both aqueous and non aqueous corrosion mechanisms and the nuclear materials susceptible to attack from them - Considers monitoring and control methodologies, as well as modelling and lifetime prediction approaches
Download or read book Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications written by Robert Odette and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-performance alloys that can withstand operation in hazardous nuclear environments are critical to presentday in-service reactor support and maintenance and are foundational for reactor concepts of the future. With commercial nuclear energy vendors and operators facing the retirement of staff during the coming decades, much of the scholarly knowledge of nuclear materials pursuant to appropriate, impactful, and safe usage is at risk. Led by the multi-award winning editorial team of G. Robert Odette (UCSB) and Steven J. Zinkle (UTK/ORNL) and with contributions from leaders of each alloy discipline, Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications aids the next generation of researchers and industry staff developing and maintaining steels, nickel-base alloys, zirconium alloys, and other structural alloys in nuclear energy applications. This authoritative reference is a critical acquisition for institutions and individuals seeking state-of-the-art knowledge aided by the editors' unique personal insight from decades of frontline research, engineering and management. - Focuses on in-service irradiation, thermal, mechanical, and chemical performance capabilities. - Covers the use of steels and other structural alloys in current fission technology, leading edge Generation-IV fission reactors, and future fusion power reactors. - Provides a critical and comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art experimental knowledge base of reactor materials, for applications ranging from engineering safety and lifetime assessments to supporting the development of advanced computational models.
Download or read book Nuclear Corrosion written by Stefan Ritter and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Corrosion: Research, Progress and Challenges, part of the "Green Book series of the EFC, builds upon the foundations of the very first book published in this series in 1989 ("Number 1 - Corrosion in the Nuclear Industry). This newest volume provides an overview on state-of-the-art research in some of the most important areas of nuclear corrosion. Chapters covered include aging phenomena in light water reactors, reprocessing plants, nuclear waste disposal, and supercritical water and liquid metal systems. This book will be a vital resource for both researchers and engineers working within the nuclear field in both academic and industrial environments. - Discusses industry related aspects of materials in nuclear power generation and how these materials react with the environment - Provides comprehensive coverage of the topic as written by noted experts in the field - Includes coverage of nuclear waste corrosion
Download or read book Proceedings of the 2014 Energy Materials Conference written by The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-06 with total page 1073 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This DVD contains a collection of papers presented at EnergyMaterials 2014, a conference organized jointly by The ChineseSociety for Metals (CSM) and The Minerals, Metals & MaterialsSociety (TMS), and held November 4-6, 2014, in Xi’an, ShaanxiProvince, China. With the rapid growth of the world’s energyproduction and consumption, the important role of energy materialshas achieved worldwide acknowledgement. Material producers andconsumers constantly seek the possibility of increasing strength,improving fabrication and service performance, simplifyingprocesses, and reducing costs. Energy Materials 2014 has provided aforum for academics, researchers, and engineers around the world toexchange state-of-the-art development and information on issuesrelated to energy materials. The papers on the DVD are organized around the followingtopics: Materials for Coal-Based Systems Materials for Gas Turbine Systems Materials for Nuclear Systems Materials for Oil and Gas Materials for Pressure Vessels
Download or read book Structural Alloys for Power Plants written by A. Shirzadi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-07-30 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current fleets of conventional and nuclear power plants face increasing hostile environmental conditions due to increasingly high temperature operation for improved capacity and efficiency, and the need for long term service. Additional challenges are presented by the requirement to cycle plants to meet peak-load operation. This book presents a comprehensive review of structural materials in conventional and nuclear energy applications. Opening chapters address operational challenges and structural alloy requirements in different types of power plants. The following sections review power plant structural alloys and methods to mitigate critical materials degradation in power plants.
Download or read book Advances in Materials Science for Environmental and Energy Technologies III written by Tatsuki Ohji and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-10-10 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings contains a collection of 26 papers from the following six 2013 Materials Science and Technology (MS&T'13) symposia: Green Technologies for Materials Manufacturing and Processing V Materials Development and Degradation Management in Nuclear Applications Materials Issues in Nuclear Waste Management in the 21st Century Energy Storage III: Materials, Systems and Applications Nanotechnology for Energy, Healthcare and Industry Hybrid Organic – Inorganic Materials for Alternative Energy
Download or read book Energy Materials 2014 written by The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 899 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corrosion resistant Materials for Extreme Conditions written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improved Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistant High Alloy Austenitic Stainless Steel for Service in Seawater and Other Chloride Environments written by J. W. Oldfield and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ASM Handbook written by ASM International. Handbook Committee and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These volumes cover the properties, processing, and applications of metals and nonmetallic engineering materials. They are designed to provide the authoritative information and data necessary for the appropriate selection of materials to meet critical design and performance criteria.
Download or read book High Temperature Fatigue Behaviour of Austenitic Stainless Steel written by Hugo Wärner and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global energy consumption is increasing and together with global warming from greenhouse gas emission, create the need for more environmental friendly energy production processes. Higher efficiency of biomass power plants can be achieved by increasing temperature and pressure in the boiler section and this would increase the generation of electricity along with the reduction in emission of greenhouse gases e.g. CO2. The power generation must also be flexible to be able to follow the demands of the energy market, this results in a need for cyclic operating conditions with alternating output and multiple start-ups and shut-downs. Because of the demands of flexibility, higher temperature and higher pressure in the boiler section of future biomass power plants, the demands on improved mechanical properties of the materials of these components are also increased. Properties like creep strength, thermomechanical fatigue resistance and high temperature corrosion resistance are critical for materials used in the next generation biomass power plants. Austenitic stainless steels are known to possess such good high temperature properties and are relatively cheap compared to the nickel-base alloys, which are already operating at high temperature cyclic conditions in other applications. The behaviour of austenitic stainless steels during these widened operating conditions are not yet fully understood. The aim of this licentiate thesis is to increase the knowledge of the mechanical behaviour at high temperature cyclic conditions for austenitic stainless steels. This is done by the use of thermomechanical fatigue- and creepfatigue testing at elevated temperatures. For safety reasons, the effect of prolonged service degradation is investigated by pre-ageing before mechanical testing. Microscopy is used to investigate the microstructural development and resulting damage behaviour of the austenitic stainless steels after testing. The results show that creep-fatigue interaction damage, creep damage and oxidation assisted cracking are present at high temperature cyclic conditions. In addition, simulated service degradation resulted in a detrimental embrittling effect due to the deterioration by the microstructural evolution.
Download or read book On High Temperature Behaviours of Heat Resistant Austenitic Alloys written by Mattias Calmunger and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced heat resistant materials are important to achieve the transition to long term sustainable power generation. The global increase in energy consumption and the global warming from greenhouse gas emissions create the need for more sustainable power generation processes. Biomass-fired power plants with higher efficiency could generate more power but also reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, e.g. CO2. Biomass offers no net contribution of CO2 to the atmosphere. To obtain greater efficiency of power plants, one option is to increase the temperature and the pressure in the boiler section of the power plant. This requires improved material properties, such as higher yield strength, creep strength and high-temperature corrosion resistance, as well as structural integrity and safety. Today, some austenitic stainless steels are design to withstand temperatures up to 650 °C in tough environments. Nickel-based alloys are designed to withstand even higher temperatures. Austenitic stainless steels are more cost effective than nickel-based alloys due to a lower amount of expensive alloying elements. However, the performance of austenitic stainless steels at the elevated temperatures of future operation conditions in biomass-red power plants is not yet fully understood. This thesis presents research on the influence of long term high-temperature ageing on mechanical properties, the influence of very slow deformation rates at high-temperature on deformation, damage and fracture, and the influence of high-temperature environment and cyclic operation conditions on the material behaviour. Mechanical and thermal testing have been performed followed by subsequent studies of the microstructure, using scanning electron microscopy, to investigate the material behaviours. Results shows that long term ageing at high temperatures leads to the precipitation of intermetallic phases. These intermetallic phases are brittle at room temperature and become detrimental for the impact toughness of some of the austenitic stainless steels. During slow strain rate tensile deformation at elevated temperature time dependent deformation and recovery mechanisms are pronounced. The creep-fatigue interaction behaviour of an austenitic stainless steel show that dwell time gives shorter life at a lower strain range, but has none or small effect on the life at a higher strain range. Finally, this research results in an increased knowledge of the structural, mechanical and chemical behaviour as well as a deeper understanding of the deformation, damage and fracture mechanisms that occur in heat resistant austenitic alloys at high-temperature environments. It is believed that in the long term, this can contribute to material development achieving the transition to more sustainable power generation in biomass-red power plants.
Download or read book Partial Replacement of Chromium in Austenitic Stainless Steels by Molybdenum Copper and Vanadium written by S. C. Rhoads and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
