Download or read book Improvement of Biological Nutrient Removal Performance for Treating Domestic Wastewater Using Supplements Acid Fermentation Products of Primary Sludge molasses Distillery Wastewater written by Sayan Meekaew and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Process Improvements in Biological Nutrient Removal Systems for Better Wastewater Treatment Performance written by Shengnan Xu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process improvements for better wastewater treatment performance are necessary with stringent discharge requirements. The main objective of this research is to develop new wastewater treatment technologies for improved nutrient removal and the degradation of recalcitrant organic nitrogen compounds. In this research, a reverse A2 /O system demonstrated better phosphorus removal efficiency than the regular A2 /O system by inverting the sequence of anaerobic and anoxic zones. Placing an anoxic stage before the anaerobic stage in the reverse A2 /O process resulted in a lower oxidation-reduction potential in the anaerobic zone, which contributed to higher P uptake by bacteria under subsequent aerobic respiration. With the development of emerging environmental nanotechnology, the effectiveness of nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) in nutrient removal was also determined under anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic conditions. The highest P removal efficiency (95% at the initial P concentration of 10 mg/L) by NZVI was observed under anoxic abiotic conditions. Furthermore, new applications of NZVI as an antiseptic/antimicrobial material were extended to sludge bulking control. In two Modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) activated sludge treatment systems, a single dose of NZVI at the final concentration of 100 mg Fe/L in the mixed liquor reduced the number of filamentous bacteria Type 021N by 2-3 log units (a reduction of 99.9 and 96.7% in MLE tank #1 and #2, respectively). Additional benefits of the use of NZVI such as improved P removal was also determined. The side effect of the use of NZVI depended on sludge bulking conditions and biomass concentration. In the last part of this dissertation, process improvements to remove recalcitrant organic N compounds such as melamine were evaluated. Melamine is a nitrogen-rich (67% nitrogen by mass) heterocyclic aromatic compound that could significantly increase effluent total nitrogen concentrations. The degradation of melamine and its impact on activated sludge operation in conventional activated sludge (CAS) systems and MBRs with high biomass concentrations were compared. Melamine was dosed continuously in CAS and MBR systems at an influent concentration of 3 mg/L for about 100 days. Even after such a long period of sludge adaptation, melamine appeared not to be easily biodegradable in any of the CAS and MBR systems indicating that selective enrichment of special microbes (melamine degradation specialists) and the special enzymes responsible for melamine degradation cannot be induced through acclimation. However, a significant reduction in toxicity of melamine to the activated sludge was observed in MBR systems, demonstrating the significance of MBR operation at high sludge concentrations.
Download or read book Enhanced Biological Wastewater Treatment Supplemented with Anaerobic Fermentation Liquid of Primary Sludge written by Lin Li and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wastewater treatment performance in an inverted A2/O reactor supplemented with fermentation liquid of primary sludge was explored comparing to commercial carbon sources sodium acetate and glucose. Similar COD removal rate was observed with the effluent COD stably reaching the discharge standard for those 3 carbon sources. However, the fermentation liquid distributed more carbon source in the anaerobic zone. Fermentation liquid and sodium acetate tests achieved better nitrogen removal rate than glucose test. The fermentation liquid test showed the best biological phosphors removal performance with the effluent phosphorus barely reaching the discharge standard. The microbial community characterization revealed that the fermentation liquid test was dominated by phylum Proteobacter in all the anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic zones. Denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) (i.e., genera Dechloromonas and unclassified_f__Rhodocyclaceae) were selectively enriched with high abundances (over 20%), which resulted in improved phosphorus removal efficiency. Moreover, the predicted abundances of enzymes involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal were also enhanced by the fermentation liquid.
Download or read book High Rate Activated Sludge Fermentation as a Carbon Source for Side stream Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal S2EBPR and Denitrification written by Anand Patel and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes in wastewater treatment require readily biodegradable chemical oxygen demand (rbCOD), which is often in the form of carbon for denitrification and biological phosphorus removal (bioP), where bioP specifically prefers soluble carbon in the form of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Primary sludge fermentation has been practiced to provide additional rbCOD for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that have unfavorable influent carbon characteristics, however additional supplementation of rbCOD using an external carbon source is often needed, increasing chemical costs and the carbon footprint of the WWTP. This study reports the first pilot-scale implementation of a high-rate aerobic adsorption process (A-Stage) for capturing influent carbon as A-Stage WAS (waste activated sludge), which was then fermented to generate VFAs, enabling downstream side-stream enhanced biological phosphorus removal (S2EBPR) coupled with bio-oxidation (B-Stage) shortcut nitrogen removal.
Download or read book Enhancement of Nutrient Removal in SBR Systems Through Acid Fermentation of Raw Wastewater written by and published by . This book was released on 1903 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acid fermentation of degritted raw wastewater was investigated using a sequencing batch mode of operation. The conditions of the experiments included sludge retention times of 4, 8 and 13 days, influent pH ranges of 7.0-7.6 and 6.1-6.4, mixing periods of 6 h/cycle and 0.25 h/cycle, and hydraulic retention time of 12 h, 9 h, and 6 h. The impact of prefermentation of raw wastewater on enhancement of nutrient removal in SBR systems was explored in conjunction with the fermentation process. This was done by developing a two-stage anaerobic-aerobic SBR system (PAF-SBR) in which the wastewater was first fermented in a sequencing batch reactor named PAF (Primary Acid Fermenter). The effluent from the fermenter was conducted to another SBR for carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The performance of this system was evaluated against a parallel conventional-SBR. All experiments were carried out at room temperature (20 $\pm$ 2$\sp\circ$C). It was found that acid fermentation of degritted raw wastewater is a stablereliable process. Acetic acid was the main component (78-96%) of volatile fatty acids (VFA) produced under the various investigated conditions. Sludge retention time (SRT) had a pronounced impact on the solubilization of organic matter and production of VFA. Both processes improved as SRT increased from 4 d to 13 d. Overall efficiency of VFA production diminished as the influent pH range was reduced from its natural range of 7.0-7.6 to the range of 6.1-6.4. Influent pH also affected VFA distribution. Acetic acid production was reduced at the pH range of 6.1-6.4, while production of butyric, aleric and propionic acids was enhanced. Acid fermentation was affected by the mixing period of each operational cycle. Specific rates of solubilization and VFA production were lower at the mixing period of 0.25 h/cycle. Volatile fatty acids composition was also influenced by the duration of the mixing period in each operational cycle. Reduction of HRT from 12 h to 9 h did not.
Download or read book Biomethanization of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes written by J. Mata-Alvarez and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2002-08-31 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomethanization of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes is a comprehensive introduction to both the fundamentals and the more practical aspects of the anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes, particularly those derived from households, that is, the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW). It can be used as a textbook for specialized courses and also as a guide for practitioners. In the first part, the book covers the relevant aspects of anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes. The fundamentals and kinetic aspects of AD are reviewed with particular emphasis on the aspects related to solid wastes. This introduction is necessary to have a comprehensive view of the AD process and to understand the practical principles as well as the origin of possible problems arising from the management of the process. Chapter 2 emphasizes the role of kinetics in designing the reactor, paying special attention to existing models, particularly the dynamic ones. Through this introduction, it is intended to facilitate the technology transfer from laboratory or pilot plant experiences to full-scale process, in order to implement improvements in current digesters. Laboratory methods are described for the analysis and optimization of reactor performance, such as methanogenic activity tests or experimental evaluation of the biodegradation kinetics of solid organic waste. The different reaction patterns applied to industrial reactors are outlined. Industrial reactors are classified in accordance with the system they use, pointing out advantages and limitations. Co-digestion, enabling the co-treatment of organic wastes of different origin in a more economically feasible way, is described in detail. Examples of co-digestion are given, with OFMSW as a base-substrate. Finally, full-scale co-digestion plants are discussed. Various types (mechanical, biological, physico-chemical) of pre-treatment to increase the biodegradability, and thus the yields of the process, are reviewed in detail. The use of the fermentation products of anaerobic digesters for biological nutrient removal processes in wastewater treatment plants is described. This constitutes an example of integrated waste management, a field in which both economic and technical advances can be achieved. Balances are given to justify the approach, and a full-scale case study is presented. The important topic of economics and the ecological advantages of the process are emphasized. The use of compost, the integration with composting technology, and advantages over other technologies are detailed in the framework of an environmental impact assessment of biowaste treatment. Finally, the anaerobic digestion of MSW in landfills is reviewed in detail, with emphasis on landfill process enhancement and strategies for its application.
Download or read book Biological Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery written by Robina Farooq and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-03-29 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological treatment of wastewater is a low-cost solution for remediation of wastewater. This book focuses on the bioremediation of wastewater, its management, monitoring, role of biofilms on wastewater treatment and energy recovery. It emphasizes on organic, inorganic and micropollutants entering into the environment after conventional wastewater treatment facilities of industrial, agricultural and domestic wastewaters. The occurrence of persistent pollutants poses deleterious effects on human and environmental health. Simple solution for recovery of energy as well as water during biological treatment of wastewater is a viable option. This book provides necessary knowledge and experimental studies on emerging bioremediation processes for reducing water, air and soil pollution.
Download or read book Acidogenic Anaerobic Digestion of Primary Sludge as a Supplement in Biological Nutrient Removal written by Supawadee Sinnaraprasat and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sewage Treatment Plants written by Katerina Stamatelatou and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sewage Treatment Plants: Economic Evaluation of Innovative Technologies for Energy Efficiency aims to show how cost saving can be achieved in sewage treatment plants through implementation of novel, energy efficient technologies or modification of the conventional, energy demanding treatment facilities towards the concept of energy streamlining. The book brings together knowledge from Engineering, Economics, Utility Management and Practice and helps to provide a better understanding of the real economic value with methodologies and practices about innovative energy technologies and policies in sewage treatment plants.
Download or read book Petroleum Nanobiotechnology written by Nour Shafik El-Gendy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-03-24 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, Petroleum Nanobiotechnology: Modern Applications for a Sustainable Future, explores the unique fusion of biotechnology and nanotechnology as applied to the different sectors of the oil and gas industry. It is a concise resource on the most recent and most up-to-date bottom-up fabrication techniques in petroleum nanobiotechnology, covering the advantages of biofabrication over chemical or physical techniques from the point of being more cost-effective, ecofriendly, biocompatibly superior, and highly stable. The volume covers the important topic of microbial and phytosynthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. The key applications discussed here include the application of these nanoparticles in different sectors of the oil and gas industry, with special emphasis on antimicrobial applications, reduction of environmental pollutants, and bio-upgrading of petroleum and its fractions. The discussion of each application is augmented with a critical review of the potential for continued development. The book first provides an overview of petroleum microbiology and nanotechnology and proceeds to consider phytosynthesis of metal nanoparticles, microbial synthesis of metal nanoparticles, biosynthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles, nanobiotechnology and mitigation of microbial-influenced corrosion in petroleum industry, applications of nanobiotechnology in petroleum refining, and how nanobiotechnology can be used for petroleum wastewater treatment. This book covers the very important principle of nanobiotechnology as applied in the petroleum industry and how it can be used for: Oil recovery Microbial enhanced oil recovery Petroleum refinery, such as, for example, desulfurization, denitrogenation, demetallization, biotransformation, and bio-upgrading Bioremediation of oil polluted soil and water Mitigation of microbial corrosion and bio-fouling Toxicity of nano-materials and its obstacles upon application Nanobiotechnology in petroleum industry and the 17 goals of sustainable development The advantages of the application of nanobiotechnology in the oil industries are enormous and clearly outweigh any negligible cons. The success can have a huge impact on the exploration, production, refining, mitigation of corrosion, waste management, and economics. This informative volume will be valuable for petroleum engineers and petroleum microbiologists, scientists, and researchers concerned with nanotechnology, environmental pollution, petroleum biotechnology, petroleum microbiology, petroleum refining, and the petroleum industry in general.
Download or read book Advances in Water and Wastewater Treatment Biological Nutrient Removal From papers presented in part at a conference on Biological Nutrient Removal Alternatives in Orlando FL March 1978 written by Wanielista MP. and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recent Advances in Distillery Waste Management for Environmental Safety written by Vineet Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-09-21 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides practical solutions for the treatment and recycling of distillery waste illustrated by specific case studies. Focuses on recent industry practices and preferences, along with newer approaches for wastewater treatment. An instructive compilation of treatment approaches, including advanced physicochemical and integrated/sequential methods. Covers biocomposting of sludge and effluent and biodiesel production from distillery waste for recycling and sustainable development. Emphasizing the relationship of metagenomics with organometallic compounds of distillery waste. Discusses the role of ligninolytic enzymes and bioreactors in distillery wastewater treatment.
Download or read book Advances in Water and Wastewater Treatment Biological Nutrient Removal from Papers Presented in Part at a Conference on Biological Nutrient Removal Alternatives Held in Ontario Florida at Florida Technological University in March 1978 written by Martin P. Wanielista and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Waste Biorefinery written by Thallada Bhaskar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-04-13 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waste Biorefinery: Potential and Perspectives offers data-based information on the most cutting-edge processes for the utilisation of biogenic waste to produce biofuels, energy products, and biochemicals – a critical aspect of biorefinery. The book explores recent developments in biochemical and thermo-chemical methods of conversion and the potential generated by different kinds of biomass in more decentralized biorefineries. Additionally, the book discusses the move from 200 years of raw fossil materials to renewable resources and how this shift is accompanied by fundamental changes in industrial manufacturing technologies (from chemistry to biochemistry) and in logistics and manufacturing concepts (from petrochemical refineries to biorefineries). Waste Biorefinery: Potential and Perspectives designs concepts that enable modern biorefineries to utilize all types of biogenic wastes, and to integrate processes that convert byproduct streams to high-value products, achieving higher cost benefits. This book is an essential resource for researchers and students studying biomass, biorefineries, and biofuels/products/processes, as well as chemists, biochemical/chemical engineers, microbiologists, and biotechnologists working in industries and government agencies. - Details the most advanced and innovative methods for biomass conversion - Covers biochemical and thermo-chemical processes as well as product development - Discusses the integration of technologies to produce bio-fuels, energy products, and biochemicals - Illustrates specific applications in numerous case studies for reference and teaching purposes
Download or read book Handbook of Water and Energy Management in Food Processing written by Jiri Klemes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-06-30 with total page 1068 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective water and energy use in food processing is essential, not least for legislative compliance and cost reduction. This major volume reviews techniques for improvements in the efficiency of water and energy use as well as wastewater treatment in the food industry.Opening chapters provide an overview of key drivers for better management. Part two is concerned with assessing water and energy consumption and designing strategies for their reduction. These include auditing energy and water use, and modelling and optimisation tools for water minimisation. Part three reviews good housekeeping procedures, measurement and process control, and monitoring and intelligent support systems. Part four discusses methods to minimise energy consumption. Chapters focus on improvements in specific processes such as refrigeration, drying and heat recovery. Part five discusses water reuse and wastewater treatment in the food industry. Chapters cover water recycling, disinfection techniques, aerobic and anaerobic systems for treatment of wastewater. The final section concentrates on particular industry sectors including fresh meat and poultry, cereals, sugar, soft drinks, brewing and winemaking.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Handbook of water and energy management in food processing is a standard reference for the food industry. - Provides an overview of key drivers for better management - Reviews techniques for improvements in efficiency of water and energy use and waste water treatment - Examines house keeping proceedures and measurement and process control
Download or read book External nitrification in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems written by Zhirong Hu and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrial Biorefineries and White Biotechnology written by Ashok Pandey and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Biorefineries and White Biotechnology provides a comprehensive look at the increasing focus on developing the processes and technologies needed for the conversion of biomass to liquid and gaseous fuels and chemicals, in particular, the development of low-cost technologies. During the last 3-4 years, there have been scientific and technological developments in the area; this book represents the most updated information and technological perspective on the topic. - Provides information on the most advanced and innovative pretreatment processes and technologies for biomass - Covers information on lignocellulosic and algal biomass to work on the principles of biorefinery - Provides information on integration of processes for the pretreatment of biomass - Designed as a textbook for both graduate students and researchers
