Download or read book Implication of Human Activities on Land Use Land Cover Dynamics in Kagera Catchment East Africa written by Robel Ogbaghebriel Berakhi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Kagera basin in East Africa has experienced major land surface loss in tropical forests, woodlands, and savannas due to the conversion of land for agricultural purposes. This has resulted in soil degradation, siltation, eutrophication, desertification, biodiversity loss, and climate change. Damages in the Kagera have also led to pollution and sedimentation in Victoria Lake which receives water from the basin. These environmental changes have an effect on people in this region who largely depend on the natural resources. It has been indicated that these problems are mainly due to population growth as this region has the highest population growth and density when compared to sub-Saharan countries. However, previous studies conducted in this region have not investigated the spatial relationship between population growth and LULC changes. The aim of this study was to quantify LULC changes that occurred from 1984 to 2011, and predict future scenarios. Another goal of this study was to investigate the spatial relationship between population growth/density and LULC changes, and its socioeconomic influences. A post classification change detection method and Markov chain model of LULC change were used to analyze the past and future LULC dynamics. Administrative level census data of Kagera was used to calculate population growth and density, and these were overlaid to LULC change. The assessment of change for the period of 1984-2011 overall showed a major expansion of agriculture at the expense of woodland savanna. This was mainly attributed to demographic and socioeconomic/political changes prior to and during the study period. Population growth and density were linked to transitions to agriculture, and agriculture dominance during the study period. In addition, the oil price shocks of the 1970's that led to the adoption of Structural Adjustment Program were implicated as the major global macroeconomic influence in the use of resources, mainly in the agriculture sector. Internal policies such as Tanzania's "Ujama" villagization of production, and biophysical factors such as precipitation and proximity to water bodies were also implicated to the LULC changes. The findings in this study imply that understanding inter-relationship of factors is critically important, and the issue of LULC change must be approached in a holistic manner.
Download or read book Land Use Land Cover Changes Driving Forces and Their Implications on Climate Variability The Case of Kereba Sub Catchment of Awash Basin Eastern Ethiopia written by Juhar Mohammed and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2022-11-18 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2021 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Physical Geography, Geomorphology, Environmental Studies, Haramaya University, language: English, abstract: Land-use/land-cover change is a major issue of global environmental change. This study was aimed to investigate LULCC, driving forces, and their implications on climate variability in the case of Kereba Sub-Catchment of Awash Basin, Eastern Ethiopia from 1999 to 2019. Satellite image data were downloaded from the USGS websites. Gridded temperature and rainfall data were obtained from the NMSA of Ethiopia. Also, FGD, KII, and field observation were used to address drivers of LULCC. Google Earth and Global Positioning System were employed for ground verification. The maximum likelihood supervised classification method was used to classify LU/LC types, NDVI and LST using ERDAS imagine 2015 and ArcGIS 10.3 software. Coefficient of Variation, Precipitation Concentration Index, and the moving average was used to analyze temperature and rainfall data. Regression analysis/Correlation coefficient was used to signify the association of LULCC and NDVI with climate variables. Landsat image of the study area was classified into agricultural land, forest land, grazing land, settlement, and shrub land.
Download or read book Biodiversity and Protected Areas written by Karen Beazley and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiversity and Protected Areas assembles twelve topics from around the world, illustrating the complexities and promise of addressing the biodiversity crisis. Authors from Mongolia, Africa, India, Canada, Iraq, and the United States dwell on particular aspects and challenges relevant to those regions. Lessons and approaches from interesting localities, coupled with global analyses give the reader a synthetic view of emerging problems. The opportunities for understanding common issues across different geographies abound, such as comparing local conservation in sub-Saharan Africa with a distribution of very small protected areas in Massachusetts. Several topics will be of immediate interest to policymakers. The book is illustrated with numerous color maps and figures and the authors strove for clear, uncomplicated writing. The editors provide an overview of chapters, placing them in the context of other biodiversity and protected area literature. Students and conservationists attempting to broaden their views of biodiversity and protected areas should find this collection to be interesting.
Download or read book Impacts of Land Use land Cover Dynamics on Soil Quality and Sustainable Land Management Options in Kasso Catchment Bale Mountains South Eastern Ethiopia written by Hussien Haychowarra and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Harnessing Land and Water Resources for Improved Food Security and Ecosystem Services in Africa written by E. Oku and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa is endowed with rich land and water resources, which significantly contribute to the development of many economies on the continent. However, land degradation and water pollution remain major challenges facing many African countries. Harnessing Land and Water Resources for Improved Food Security and Ecosystem Services in Africa examines challenges facing land and water resources management in Africa and explores possible measures to improve food security and reduce poverty on the continent. The book is a compilation of research papers, written by eminent researchers and scientists from renowned Universities and reputable organisations in Ghana, Ethiopia, USA, South Africa, Nigeria, the Netherlands and Indonesia. Its main objective is to draw attention to the impact of human activities on land and water resources and the need for the sustainable management of Africa's ecosystem services to improve livelihoods. The individual chapters present relevant case studies on the effects of water and land management practices including urban waste water uses, land grabbing and climate change issues, so as to draw lessons from best practices that can be adopted to mitigate their efforts on food security and the well-being of the African population. The monograph concludes with recommendations on the appropriate strategies for managing wastelands to meet Africa's green energy needs.
Download or read book Land Cover Change Impacts on Water and Energy Balance in East Africa written by John Musau and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrological Effects of Changes in Land Use in Some East African Catchment Areas written by EAST AFRICAN AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY JOURNAL. and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spatio temporal Variability Modelling of Land Use and Soil Interactive Effect on Hydrology of a Semi arid Watershed written by Charles Gyamfi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally, there have been calls to prudently and efficiently manage water resources at the watershed scale. These calls stem from the fact that freshwater resources are finite and hence their sustainability needs to be safeguarded. Affirmative to the call is also the fact that water resources underpins the sustenance of life and any economy. In South Africa, existing watersheds have experienced changes in land use through developmental projects such as thermal power generation, irrigation schemes, mining, agriculture, residential expansions and domestic water supply. Watershed processes of land use and land cover changes, soil erosion and sediment fluxes are current challenges that water systems are faced with, causing hydrologic regime alterations as well as affecting the quantity and quality of available water resources. These processes are further worsened by the alarming interactive effect of land use and soils through anthropogenic activities. The Olifants River Basin, a water stressed basin in north eastern South Africa, is beleaguered with diverse environmental concerns ranging from soil erosion, sedimentation and eutrophication with its consequent repercussions on water quantity, quality and timing issues. These problems are mainly linked to anthropogenic activities of land use and land cover changes that have altered the physiographic characteristics of the basin. The spatial and temporal dynamics in land use and land cover changes have far reaching implications on diverse landscape functions. Among others, land use change influences water balance through alterations in the hydrologic regime and also causes perturbations in sediment dynamics. Considerable studies have suggested that due to the economic development and investment opportunities in the Olifants Basin, the demand for water will continue to increase. This requires renewed efforts in line with safeguarding, planning and managing the limited available water resources to ensure its sustainability and judicious use. Critical to the attainment of this purpose is the need to have knowledge on how land use changes and soil interactions impacts on water resources through the hydrologic cycle and sediment yield. The study had overarching aim of simulating the spatio-temporal variability of land use - soil interactive effects on hydrologic regime and sediment yield dynamics under different land use change scenarios at the basinal scale using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing techniques.
Download or read book Computer Processing of Remotely Sensed Images written by Paul M. Mather and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-12-13 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remotely-sensed images of the Earth's surface provide a valuable source of information about the geographical distribution and properties of natural and cultural features. This fully revised and updated edition of a highly regarded textbook deals with the mechanics of processing remotely-senses images. Presented in an accessible manner, the book covers a wide range of image processing and pattern recognition techniques. Features include: New topics on LiDAR data processing, SAR interferometry, the analysis of imaging spectrometer image sets and the use of the wavelet transform. An accompanying CD-ROM with: updated MIPS software, including modules for standard procedures such as image display, filtering, image transforms, graph plotting, import of data from a range of sensors. A set of exercises, including data sets, illustrating the application of discussed methods using the MIPS software. An extensive list of WWW resources including colour illustrations for easy download. For further information, including exercises and latest software information visit the Author's Website at: http://homepage.ntlworld.com/paul.mather/ComputerProcessing3/
Download or read book North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment written by Markus Quante and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an up-to-date review of our current understanding of climate change in the North Sea and adjacent areas, as well as its impact on ecosystems and socio-economic sectors. It provides a detailed assessment of climate change based on published scientific work compiled by independent international experts from climate-related disciplines such as oceanography, atmospheric sciences, marine and terrestrial ecology, using a regional evaluation and review process similar to that of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of our changing climate, discussing a wide range of topics including past, current and future climate change, and climate-related changes in marine, terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. It also explores the impact of climate change on socio-economic sectors such as fisheries, agriculture, coastal zone management, coastal protection, urban climate, recreation/tourism, offshore activities/energy, and air pollution.
Download or read book Livelihood and Landscape Change in Africa Future Trajectories for Improved Well Being under a Changing Climate written by Sheona Shackleton and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on a Special Issue of the journal LAND that draws together a collection of 11 diverse articles at the nexus of climate change, landscapes, and livelihoods in rural Africa; all explore the links between livelihood and landscape change, including shifts in farming practices and natural resource use and management. The articles, which are all place-based case studies across nine African countries, cover three not necessarily mutually exclusive thematic areas, namely: smallholder farming livelihoods under new climate risk (five articles); long-term dynamics of livelihoods and landscape change and future trajectories (two articles); and natural resource management and governance under a changing climate, spanning forests, woodlands, and rangelands (four articles). The commonalities, key messages, and research gaps across the 11 articles are presented in a synthesis article. All the case studies pointed to the need for an integrated and in-depth understanding of the multiple drivers of landscape and livelihood change and how these interact with local histories, knowledge systems, cultures, complexities, and lived realities. Moreover, where there are interventions (such as new governance systems, REDD+ or climate smart agriculture), it is critical to interrogate what is required to ensure a fair and equitable distribution of emerging benefits.
Download or read book The Miombo in Transition written by Bruce Morgan Campbell and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Miombo woodlands and their use: overview and key issues. The ecology of miombo woodlands. Population biology of miombo tree. Miombo woodlands in the wider context: macro-economic and inter-sectoral influences. Rural households and miombo woodlands: use, value and management. Trade in woodland products from the miombo region. Managing miombo woodland. Institutional arrangements governing the use and the management of miombo woodlands. Miombo woodlands and rural livelihoods: options and opportunities.
Download or read book Lake Victoria written by Joseph L. Awange and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-18 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes a pioneering and unique work on Lake Victoria. It is the world’s second largest fresh-water lake and supports the livelihood of more than 30 million people. Surprisingly, there has been no comprehensive book addressing its problems and potentials. Ecology, environmental pollution and resource management are some of the issues addressed by this comprehensive insight into the limitations, challenges and opportunities facing Lake Victoria.
Download or read book Water Management in Africa and the Middle East written by International Development Research Centre (Canada) and published by IDRC. This book was released on 1996 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Management in Africa and the Middle East: Challenges and Opportunities
Download or read book Remote Sensing Imagery for Natural Resources Monitoring written by David S. Wilkie and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 1996 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical introduction to the use of remote sensing data, this book focuses on the benefits, limitations, and pitfalls involved in the use of this important new tool, employing case studies to clearly demonstrate both principles and practice. This indispensable guidebook includes almost one hundred maps, satellite and aerial photographs, and computer graphics to illustrate the products of remote sensing, as well as a comprehensive glossary of terms and a bibliography with suggestions for further reading.
Download or read book Wetlands of Tanzania written by G. L. Kamukala and published by IUCN. This book was released on 1993 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These 16 papers and final recommendations provide up-to-date information and offer guidance on future wetlands development options.
Download or read book The Dry Forests and Woodlands of Africa written by Emmanuel N. Chidumayo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-23 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dry forests and woodlands of Sub-Saharan Africa are major ecosystems, with a broad range of strong economic and cultural incentives for keeping them intact. However, few people are aware of their importance, compared to tropical rainforests, despite them being home to more than half of the continent's population. This unique book brings together scientific knowledge on this topic from East, West, and Southern Africa and describes the relationships between forests, woodlands, people and their livelihoods. Dry forest is defined as vegetation dominated by woody plants, primarily trees, the canopy of which covers more than 10 per cent of the ground surface, occurring in climates with a dry season of three months or more. This broad definition - wider than those used by many authors - incorporates vegetation types commonly termed woodland, shrubland, thicket, savanna, wooded grassland, as well as dry forest in its strict sense. The book provides a comparative analysis of management experiences from the different geographic regions, emphasizing the need to balance the utilization of dry forests and woodland products between current and future human needs. Further, the book explores the techniques and strategies that can be deployed to improve the management of African dry forests and woodlands for the benefit of all, but more importantly, the communities that live off these vegetation formations. Thus, the book lays a foundation for improving the management of dry forests and woodlands for the wide range of products and services they provide.
