Download or read book Implementation of SMCRA written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Mining and Natural Resources and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementation of SMCRA written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Mining and Natural Resources and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation Under Title IV SMCRA 1977 Implementation of Program Policies written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of the Office of Surface Mining Estimates of the Cost of Implementing the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report has focused on the adequacy of OSM's cost estimates for implementation of SMCRA's discretionary regulations. In considering whether the Regulatory Analysis included the proper regulations and subparts we determined that only three discretionary regulations were not assessed in the RA. Our analysis of the model mine data base concluded that D'Appolonia Consulting Engineers used sound bases for their cost estimates. There were no apparent methodological errors. In estimating the costs of those additional discretionary regulations which should have been included in the Regulatory Analysis, only one such regulation was found to have a significant or measureable implementation cost. While this cost should have been included in OSM's cost estimate, it amounts to an increase of only three percent in the estimated cost of complying with the discretionary regulations. The Regulatory Analysis should be viewed in its proper light. It is an attempt to estimate the cost of complying with SMCRA's discretionary regulations. It is not an attempt to measure the total cost of implementing SMCRA. It has been shown to be, generally, an accurate analysis.
Download or read book Moving the Earth written by Uday Desai and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1993 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This empirical study provides an introduction to the dynamics of regulatory federalism and is the first book to focus on the major surface mining regulations. A broad spectrum of contributors, most with first-hand experience, describe the forces that have shaped the implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act since 1972. They offer varying perspectives for understanding interest group conflicts, technological and market considerations, intergovernmental procedures and problems. They describe the forces shaping the policy implementation process at the federal, state, and local level. This case study is intended for political scientists, public administrators, citizen activists and experts, historians, and students dealing with mining and regulatory policy. The edited collection opens with an overview of policy formation and implementation in the United States, drawing upon theoretical studies of pluralism, federalism, interest group politics, and intergovernmental dynamics. The case study defines the legislative and administrative history of surface mining regulation; the impact of interest groups, courts, and the states on the implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act; the influence of the coal industry and of environmental interests, federal and state relations, and the intergovernmental process.
Download or read book Implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book SMCRA s Underground Mining Regulations written by Mauro Silva Ruiz and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Is the Coal Industry Worth Protecting written by Michael Sean Pennington and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harold Lasswell (1936) defined politics as the exploration of "who gets what, when, and how." As such, one of the central concerns of democratic governance is the role that affected interests play not only in politics, but in the implementation of adopted policies as well. In this dissertation, I use both comparative method case studies, as well as pooled-time series statistical techniques, to examine the effects of political, economic and market forces, and competition between the affected interests on implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977. The findings of this, as well as previous, research shows that state-level implementing agencies have some discretion in enforcement activities; however, closer examination shows that this discretion is rarely used. This lack of use of regulatory discretion by the state-level implementing agencies suggests that in most states, there is either sufficient competition between the affected interests to neutralize the excessive use of discretion in enforcement activity, or that there is insufficient pressure placed on the implementing agencies by the affected interests to warrant the use of discretion.
Download or read book Surface Mining Act written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Regulation of Coal Mining written by James M. McElfish and published by Oryx/Greenwood. This book was released on 1990 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementation of the Surface Mining Reclamation Control Act of 1977 in the Appalachian Coal Region written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbon Sequestration on Surface Mine Lands written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the implementation of the federal Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) in May of 1978, many opportunities have been lost for the reforestation of surface mines in the eastern United States. Research has shown that excessive compaction of spoil material in the backfilling and grading process is the biggest impediment to the establishment of productive forests as a post-mining land use (Ashby, 1998, Burger et al., 1994, Graves et al., 2000). Stability of mine sites was a prominent concern among regulators and mine operators in the years immediately following the implementation of SMCRA. These concerns resulted in the highly compacted, flatly graded, and consequently unproductive spoils of the early post-SMCRA era. However, there is nothing in the regulations that requires mine sites to be overly compacted as long as stability is achieved. It has been cultural barriers and not regulatory barriers that have contributed to the failure of reforestation efforts under the federal law over the past 27 years. Efforts to change the perception that the federal law and regulations impede effective reforestation techniques and interfere with bond release must be implemented. Demonstration of techniques that lead to the successful reforestation of surface mines is one such method that can be used to change perceptions and protect the forest ecosystems that were indigenous to these areas prior to mining. The University of Kentucky initiated a large-scale reforestation effort to address regulatory and cultural impediments to forest reclamation in 2003. During the three years of this project 383,000 trees were planted on over 556 acres in different physiographic areas of Kentucky (Table 1, Figure 1). Species used for the project were similar to those that existed on the sites before mining was initiated (Table 2). A monitoring program was undertaken to evaluate growth and survival of the planted species as a function of spoil characteristics and reclamation practice. In addition, experiments were integrated within the reforestation effort to address specific questions pertaining to sequestration of carbon (C) on these sites.
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining Reclamation written by Manuel Lujan and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997-12 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report deals with the accomplishments of the regulatory and abandoned mine land reclamation programs during the first 15 years of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA). This part presents statistical information for the 15 year period. It is organized in two sections; national statistics and state statistics. The national statistics provide an overview of coal mining and the implementation of SMCRA since 1977. The information reported for the states presents a brief description of the coal reserves in each area, accompanied by detailed statistics and graphs that relate each state to the nation as a whole.
