Download or read book Life Cycle Impact Assessment written by Michael Z. Hauschild and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-24 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a detailed presentation of the principles and practice of life cycle impact assessment. As a volume of the LCA compendium, the book is structured according to the LCIA framework developed by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)passing through the phases of definition or selection of impact categories, category indicators and characterisation models (Classification): calculation of category indicator results (Characterisation); calculating the magnitude of category indicator results relative to reference information (Normalisation); and converting indicator results of different impact categories by using numerical factors based on value-choices (Weighting). Chapter one offers a historical overview of the development of life cycle impact assessment and presents the boundary conditions and the general principles and constraints of characterisation modelling in LCA. The second chapter outlines the considerations underlying the selection of impact categories and the classification or assignment of inventory flows into these categories. Chapters three through thirteen exploreall the impact categories that are commonly included in LCIA, discussing the characteristics of each followed by a review of midpoint and endpoint characterisation methods, metrics, uncertainties and new developments, and a discussion of research needs. Chapter-length treatment is accorded to Climate Change; Stratospheric Ozone Depletion; Human Toxicity; Particulate Matter Formation; Photochemical Ozone Formation; Ecotoxicity; Acidification; Eutrophication; Land Use; Water Use; and Abiotic Resource Use. The final two chapters map out the optional LCIA steps of Normalisation and Weighting.
Download or read book Strategic Environmental Assessment and Land Use Planning written by Mark Baker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A wonderfully international and up-to-date perspective on strategic environmental assessment of land use plans by leading experts in the field. Strategic Environmental Assessment and Land Use Planning covers not only how much such SEAs are carried out and in what context, but whether they are effective and why. It provides invaluable insights for practitioners and researchers in this rapidy evolving field' Riki Therivel, author of Strategic Environmental Assessment in Action Strategic Environmental Assessment and Land Use Planning provides an authoritative, international evaluation of the SEA of land use plans. The editors place the SEA of land use plans in context, and uniquely qualified contributors then evaluate systems in Canada, Denmark, Germany, Hong Kong, Hungary, Ireland, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, Sweden, the United Kingdom, the United States and the World Bank. These chapters provide a description of the context in each country, a case study of the use of SEA in land use planning and an evaluation of each SEA system against a set of generic criteria specially designed to anlayse different aspects of SEA. The contributors critically review each SEA system, SEA process and SEA outcome, and conclude by summarizing their findings. The editors draw the various national perspectives together in a final chapter and derive widely applicable conclusions about SEA and land use planning. This book is a core text for all students in environmental assessment, land use planning, environmental science, environmental management, development studies, geography, landscape design and law and engineering. It is also essential reading for all governments and environmental regulators, academics, researchers and environmental and planning consultants worldwide who are involvedin SEA research, practice and training.
Download or read book Environmental Assessment of Patagonia s Water Resources written by Américo Iadran Torres and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-02-19 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents contributions devoted to the hydrogeochemical characterization of aquatic environments of Patagonia, including those of Ushuaia city, known as "The southernmost city in the world". Patagonia (between 39° and 55° S) is located in southern South America. Eight main river systems pour their waters into the SW Atlantic Ocean. Rivers, with their headwaters mainly located in the Andes, supply dissolved and particulate matter to the coastal zone, as well as nutrients, which benefit biological communities. Besides, freshwater in this region with little anthropogenic impact supports human life and a high wildlife biodiversity. Unfortunately, the recent increase in human activities, such as the use of fertilizers, wastewater discharges, extensive deforestation and dam construction, is affecting the quality and quantity of water resources. The book is of interest for researchers, professors and government agencies that decide on water resources management policies.
Download or read book From soil research to land and water management harmonizing people and nature Proceedings of the IWMI ADB Project Annual Meeting and 7th MSEC Assembly written by Valentin, Christian and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil conservation / Reservoirs / Sedimentation / Environmental effects / Land use / Hydrology / Catchment areas / Rainfall-runoff relationships / Rain / Research projects / Agricultural research / Social participation / Development projects / Erosion / Watershed management / Water resource management / Soil management
Download or read book Use value Assessment of Rural Land in the United States written by John Edwin Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State and local governments in this country have adopted a number of policies to regulate the conversion of rural land to developed uses. One of the most significant and least understood is preferential assessment of rural land under the real property tax, often called use-value assessment (UVA) or current-use assessment. This book explains and analyzes the critical questions raised by this fiscal tool for farmland preservation. Under UVA, the assessments of various parcels of land within a given state may vary tremendously from property to property. A tract that is zoned residential with access to a turnpike might be assessed at $7,865 per acre. In the very same neighborhood, though, an even larger tract of vacant land might be assessed at a mere $127 per acre, which is far below the market value. How can there be such dramatic differences in the assessment of land values within the same community or neighborhood? Has the town assessor failed to treat property owners fairly and equally, as required by state law? Not at all. Nearly all states across the country permit, and even require, local assessors to value some parcels of undeveloped land far below their fair market values for the purpose of levying local property taxes. Despite their stated purpose of preserving rural lands from urban development, UVA programs can have unintended negative consequences. One is erosion of the legal and constitutional principle of uniformity of taxation; another is shifting of the local tax burden to other property owners, perhaps in a regressive manner. Occasionally UVA programs generate political controversy and even legislative action concerning "fake farmers" who enjoy low property tax bills, but whose land might only be used to sell firewood or Christmas trees to a few friends and neighbors. This volume explains the origins, key features, impacts, and flaws of use-value assessment programs across the United States. It describes in detail the process and characteristics of UVA programs in 44 states and recommends reforms. This book serves as a road map for public officials, scholars, and journalists concerned with agricultural taxation and land use issues.
Download or read book Practical Handbook of Material Flow Analysis written by Paul H. Brunner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first-ever book on this subject establishes a rigid, transparent and useful methodology for investigating the material metabolism of anthropogenic systems. Using Material Flow Analysis (MFA), the main sources, flows, stocks, and emissions of man-made and natural materials can be determined. By demonstrating the application of MFA, this book reveals how resources can be conserved and the environment protected within complex systems. The fourteen case studies presented exemplify the potential for MFA to contribute to sustainable materials management. Exercises throughout the book deepen comprehension and expertise. The authors have had success in applying MFA to various fields, and now promote the use of MFA so that future engineers and planners have a common method for solving resource-oriented problems.
Download or read book The Water Footprint Assessment Manual written by Maite M. Aldaya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People use lots of water for drinking, cooking and washing, but significantly more for producing things such as food, paper and cotton clothes. The water footprint is an indicator of water use that looks at both direct and indirect water use of a consumer or producer. Indirect use refers to the 'virtual water' embedded in tradable goods and commodities, such as cereals, sugar or cotton. The water footprint of an individual, community or business is defined as the total volume of freshwater that is used to produce the goods and services consumed by the individual or community or produced by the business. This book offers a complete and up-to-date overview of the global standard on water footprint assessment as developed by the Water Footprint Network. More specifically it: o Provides a comprehensive set of methods for water footprint assessment o Shows how water footprints can be calculated for individual processes and products, as well as for consumers, nations and businesses o Contains detailed worked examples of how to calculate green, blue and grey water footprints o Describes how to assess the sustainability of the aggregated water footprint within a river basin or the water footprint of a specific product o Includes an extensive library of possible measures that can contribute to water footprint reduction
Download or read book The State of the World s Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture is FAO's first flagship publication on the global status of land and water resources. It is an 'advocacy' report, to be published every three to five years, and targeted at senior level decision makers in agriculture as well as in other sectors. SOLAW is aimed at sensitizing its target audience on the status of land resources at global and regional levels and FAO's viewpoint on appropriate recommendations for policy formulation. SOLAW focuses on these key dimensions of analysis: (i) quantity, quality of land and water resources, (ii) the rate of use and sustainable management of these resources in the context of relevant socio-economic driving factors and concerns, including food security and poverty, and climate change. This is the first time that a global, baseline status report on land and water resources has been made. It is based on several global spatial databases (e.g. land suitability for agriculture, land use and management, land and water degradation and depletion) for which FAO is the world-recognized data source. Topical and emerging issues on land and water are dealt with in an integrated rather than sectoral manner. The implications of the status and trends are used to advocate remedial interventions which are tailored to major farming systems within different geographic regions.
Download or read book Impact Assessment and Sustainable Resource Management written by L Graham Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-11 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firmly places impact assessment in the broader context of environmental planning, developing a much-needed integrative approach. The topics covered include: decision making and dispute resolution; the role of environmental law; public policy, administration and publication participation; the nature of planning; impact assessment methodology; the application of impact assessment to frontier developments; linear facilities and waste mana
Download or read book Integrated Land and Water Management for Food and Environmental Security written by and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2003 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Variability Impacts on Land Use and Livelihoods in Drylands written by Mahesh K. Gaur and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-30 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume is devoted to the examination of the implications of the inevitable changes wrought by global change on the welfare and livelihoods of tens of millions of people who live in dryland regions. Global change is more than just climate change and the ramifications of changing trade patterns (geopolitical and economic aspects), the shift to the market economy, demographic factors (population growth, urbanization and re-settlement), receive attention here. Land use change specialists, policy makers and natural resource management agencies will find the book very useful. Chapters focus on examples that are drawn from a number of sources including previously unpublished studies on the impact of climate change, markets and economics on pastoralist and dryland farming households. The key focus is to provide readers with insights into the real world implications of change (including an analysis of the drivers of change) on these vulnerable groups within dryland societies. The role of humans as agents of these changes is canvassed. A regional analysis of the world's drylands is also performed including those in Australia, Argentina, India, North America, China, North Africa, Central Asia and Southern Africa.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health Impact Assessment for Sustainable Water Management written by Lorna Fewtrell and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07-15 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health Impact Assessment for Sustainable Water Management is a pioneering international text, exploring and developing this emerging discipline. It is the first to take an international perspective seeking to draw generic lessons from both the developed and developing nations’ experience in this new area of activity. The approach is being applied in policy development to strengthen the ‘evidence-base’ and across a wide spectrum of resource developments, industrial and urban infrastructure projects and in ‘aid’ projects in developing countries. This book illustrates the importance of considering health in water management developments and demonstrates the role of health impact assessment (HIA) in this process. Case-studies illustrate a range of management approaches to different system implementation issues and scale factors, ranging from domestic rainwater harvesting for the supply of non-potable water to a large-scale hydroelectric project. The concept, objectives, terminology and challenges of HIA are introduced and illustrated by case studies including rainwater harvesting, greywater reuse, sustainable drainage and evaluations of the health impacts of flooding. Developing country case studies include a small-scale irrigation project in Zimbabwe, a large hydro-electric scheme in Lao (Peoples Democratic Republic) and the implementation issues surrounding the use of domestic wastewater as a resource in demand by agricultural enterprises in Pakistan. The case studies illustrate different HIA approaches, including the use of quantitative and qualitative information and provide benchmarks of current practice for practitioners seeking to apply HIA in the emerging agendas in both developed and developing nations. The critical appraisals within each chapter offer both best practice exemplars as well as explanations of problems and mistakes of past project implementation, and define the requirements for the policy communities who will be increasingly required to accommodate HIA information in resource allocation decisions. As a result, this book will be of interest to planners, developers, policy makers, public health, environmental and water utility scientists and practitioners.
Download or read book The Wetland Book written by C. Max Finlayson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 1546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In discussion with Ramsar’s Max Finlayson and Nick Davidson, and several members of the Society of Wetland Scientists, Springer is proposing the development of a new Encyclopedia of Wetlands, a comprehensive resource aimed at supporting the trans- and multidisciplinary research and practice which is inherent to this field. Aware both that wetlands research is on the rise and that researchers and students are often working or learning across several disciplines, we are proposing a readily accessible online and print reference which will be the first port of call on key concepts in wetlands science and management. This easy-to-follow reference will allow multidisciplinary teams and transdisciplinary individuals to look up terms, access further details, read overviews on key issues and navigate to key articles selected by experts.
Download or read book Novel Measurement and Assessment Tools for Monitoring and Management of Land and Water Resources in Agricultural Landscapes of Central Asia written by Lothar Mueller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book aims to initiate a sustainable use of land and water resources in Central Asia by the transfer of scientific methods. It deals with the most advanced methods worldwide for better monitoring and management of water and land resources. We offer an array of methods of measuring, assessing, forecasting, utilizing and controling processes in agricultural landscapes. These are laboratory and field measurement methods, methods of resource evaluation, functional mapping and risk assessment, and remote sensing methods for monitoring and modeling large areas. The book contains methods and results of data analysis and ecosystem modeling, of bioremediation of soil and water, field monitoring of soils, and methods and technologies for optimizing land use systems as well. The chapter authors are inventors and advocators of novel transferrable methods. The book starts with an analysis of the current state of water and land resources. Finally concrete proposals for the applicability of novel methods are given.
Download or read book Environmental Impact Assessment written by Sam Stuart and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Impact Assessment presents the proceedings of the Seminar on Environmental Impact Assessment that took place in Villach, Austria in September 1979. The rapid pace in technological and economic development led to detrimental effects on the environment. In this regard, it is imperative that policies are formulated in order to avert future environmental damage. The forum seeks to develop methods, procedures, techniques, and policies on Environmental Impact Assessment, a concept whose time has come. The seminar is attended by an array of international experts, leaders, agencies, and organizations to discuss various issues on Environmental Impact Assessment. The seminar begins with a paper on the main procedural and institutional questions related to environmental impact assessment, which intends to be the jumping board for further discussions on the matter. Papers on the qualitative and quantitative methods of environmental analysis; integration of environmental considerations into the planning and decision-making process; public information and participation; problems with the international aspects of environmental impact assessment; and case studies are presented. In the end, the participants adopted a set of conclusions and recommendations, which are reproduced in full. Environmentalists, ecologists, policymakers, government and private planners, political leaders, scientists, and concerned people will find this book invaluable.
Download or read book Environmental Impact IV written by J. Casares and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprising a collection of papers from the 4th International Conference on Environmental and Economic Impact on Sustainable Development, the research studies included in this book consider the impact of economic constraints on the environment, taking into account the social aspects as well as the over-use of natural resources. The papers examine issues related to whether some forms of development are compatible with environmental protection, particularly in cases of possible serious contamination and toxicity. Uncontrolled development can result in damage to the environment in terms of the release of toxic substances and hazardous waste. Addressing problems of great importance, this book examines more constructive and progressive approaches to ensure sustainability. A major motivation is to learn from past failure, to avoid repeating similar mistakes, while attempting to prevent emerging threats to environmental and ecological systems. Fundamental to these concepts are the analysis of the inherent risk and the development of appropriate strategies.
