Download or read book Immunoregulation and Fetal Survival written by Transplantation Society and published by New York, N.Y. : Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on one of the key areas of research within the rapidly developing field of reproductive immunology, providing a thorough account of immunoregulation and genetic interactions at the maternal-fetal interface. Internationally known experts examine both animal models and human experimental and clinical research, moving systematically from maternal systemic immunity to decidual tissue, the trophoblast, fetal survival, and tissue therapy. The contributors consider both the immunology and the immunogenetics of the maternal and fetal tissues involved in immune interaction during pregnancy, and establish a new view of how the maternal immune system interacts with embryonic and fetal tissue to influence fetal survival.

Download or read book The Maternal Fetal Interface written by Anthony Carter and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 1998 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 29 papers contained in this volume look closely at various aspects of what is termed, "The Maternal-Fetal Interface," as it relates to the latest research in placental science. A substantial section of the book is devoted to the troublesome question of vertical transmission of infectious agents: namely, the HIV-1 virus. However, other sections of the volume examine related issues such as drug and toxin transfer across the term placenta and the diversity of placental types and how this can affect a placenta's effectiveness as a barrier. Anthony Carter is at the University of Odense, Denmark Vibeke Dantzer is at the University of Copenhagen, DenmarkThomas Jansson is at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden

Download or read book The Immunology of the Fetus written by Gerard Chaouat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1989, this book provides information on the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal immunodeficiencies. It includes a survey on the "riddle of the fetal allograft". Also discussed in the text are Ontogeny, immunological aspects of differentiation, and treatment of spontaneous abortion. This book is useful to predoctoral students, researchers in obstetrics, animal husbandry, and reproductive immunology.

Download or read book The Hope of Progress written by P.B. Medawar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-29 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1972, The Hope of Progress presents collection of essays and lectures dealing with the history of scientific ideas and the impact of science on society. The principle piece in this volume is the author’s 1969 presidential address to the British Association ‘On The Effecting of All Things Possible’, an argument for believing in the ability of science to solve the problems it has itself created, and which too many of us believe insoluble. It contains author’s Romanes Lecture on ‘Science and Literature’ and a well known critique of J.D. Watson’s notorious account of the discovery of the molecular structure of DNA, The Double Helix. Other chapters discuss the possibility of the control and domination by science of the body and mind of Man- though the author concludes in ‘The Genetic Improvement of Man’ : ‘I think that, in the main, for many centuries to come, we shall have to put up with human beings as they are at present constituted’. This book will be useful for scholars and researchers of history of science, philosophy of science, natural science, and philosophy in general.

Download or read book Immunoregulation in Health and Disease written by Miodrag L. Lukic and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-05-14 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunoregulation in Health and Disease, edited by Lukic, Colic, Mostarica-Stojkovic and Cuperlovic is a multi-authored volume covering the field of Immunoregulation, and will be essential reading for all researchers working in Immunology. Each section includes at least 10 papers contributed by experts from around the World, and covers in detail the wealth of knowledge relating to immunoregulation, both in health and disease. This book will provide an invaluable overview of immune system behaviour. The book is divided into four sections: - Regulatory, effectory, and accessory cells of the immune response - Molecular and cellular immunoregulatory mechanisms - Hypersensitivity and autoimmunity - Host reactivity to graft, tumour and infection

Download or read book Immunology of Pregnancy written by Udo R. Markert and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the discipline of immunology which studies a unique physiological phenomenon contradicting many of the generally established rules in the field: immunology of pregnancy. It provides a wide overview of the current research of this topic. Prominent and leading international groups contributed by reviewing the most significant findings in the field.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation X written by Sudhir Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-20 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is edited by Dr. Sudhir Gupta, internationally recognized expert in Immunology, Professor of Medicine, Pathology, Microbiology and Molecular Genetics. Topics include toll receptors, dendritic cells, NK cells, and complement receptors.

Download or read book Immune regulation at the fetal maternal interface with focus on decidual macrophages written by Judit Svensson?Arvelund and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2015-04-21 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A successful pregnancy requires that the maternal immune system adapts to tolerate the semi-allogeneic fetal-placental unit. This adaptation mainly occurs locally, i.e. at the fetal-maternal interface, where fetal-derived tissues come into close contact with maternal cells in the uterine endometrium (called decidua during pregnancy). Macrophages and regulatory T (Treg) cells are maternal immune cells that are enriched in the decidua and they likely play a central role in promoting fetal tolerance. However, the precise function of decidual macrophages and the factors regulating both macrophages and Treg cells in humans are unknown. The aim of this thesis was to characterize the phenotype and function of decidual macrophages from first trimester human pregnancy and to identify factors responsible for inducing tolerogenic properties in both decidual macrophages and Treg cells. CD14+ decidual macrophages showed characteristics of immune suppressive or homeostatic macrophages (expression of CD163, CD206 and CD209), mainly produced immunosuppressive cytokines, like IL-10 and IL-35, while levels of inflammatory cytokines, for instance IL-12 and IL-23, were low. Decidual macrophages also induced the expansion of CD25highFoxp3+ Treg cells, but not of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells, in vitro. In addition, decidual macrophages preferentially secreted the monocyte- and Treg cell-associated chemokines CCL2 and CCL18, while Th1-, Th2- and Th17-related chemokines were produced at low levels. These results suggest that decidual macrophages contribute to create the unique decidual cell composition and a tolerogenic immune environment that is compatible with fetal development. Further, by comparing decidual macrophages with different in vitro macrophage subsets, we showed that M-CSF and IL-10, but not GM-CSF, Th1 or Th2 stimuli, induced macrophages that resemble decidual macrophages in terms of cell surface marker expression, cytokine andchemokine production and gene expression profile. First trimester placental tissue, in particular placental trophoblast cells, was identified as an important source of M-CSF and IL-10. We also demonstrated that human fetal-derived placental tissue can induce the characteristics of decidual macrophages (CD163+CD206+CD209+IL-10+CCL18+) and the selective expansion of functionally suppressive CD25highFoxp3+ Treg cells, the latter partly mediated through IL-10, TGF-? and TRAIL. The placenta also limited activation of Th cells, for instance by generally reduced cytokine production. Our data show that the placenta has a unique ability to induce tolerogenic immune cells with a reduced inflammatory potential, which is essential for maintaining tissue integrity and preventing inflammation-induced fetal loss.

Download or read book Immune Interactions during the Reproductive Cycle written by Sinuhe Hahn and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-07-03 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mammalian pregnancy represents a unique immunological riddle in that the mother does not reject her allogeneic fetus. In part this is largely due to a general sequestration or diminution of T cell activity, and an increased involvement of the innate immune system. The field of immunology is concerned primarily with how innate and adaptive mechanisms collaborate to protect vertebrates from infection. Although many cellular and molecular actors have evidently important roles, antibodies and lymphocytes are considered to be the principal players. Yet despite their importance, it would be definitely simplistic to conclude that they are solely essential for immunity overall. A major distinction between adaptive and innate immunity is the spontaneity of the innate immune response, which utilizes an already pre-existing but limited repertoire of responding modules. The slower onset of adaptive immunity compensates by its ability to recognize a much broader repertory of foreign substances, and also by its power to constantly improve during a response, whereas innate immunity remains relatively unaffected. The interactions between the reproductive system and the immune system are of particular interest, since the reproductive system is unique in that its primary role is to assure the continuity of the species, while the immune system provides internal protection and thus facilitates continued health and survival. The modus operandi of these two morphologically diffuse systems involves widely distributed chemical signals in response to environmental input, and both systems must interact for the normal functioning of each. Furthermore, dysregulation of normal physiological interactions between the reproductive and immune systems can lead to severe pregnancy-related disorders or complications. On the other hand, by ameliorating auto-inflammatory conditions such as MS and RA, pregnancy may provide a unique insight into novel immune modulatory strategies. The scientific focus on reproductive–immune research has historically provided substantial insight into the interface between these two physiological systems. A translational research approach would involve a tight interaction between diverse scientific and clinical disciplines including immunology, obstetrics, haematology, haemostasis and endocrinology. With so much recent progress in the field, we believe that it is valuable and well-timed to review the broad variety of the relevant physiologic and pathologic aspects – from menstruation to fertilization and implantation, and from placentation and pregnancy per se to the post partum condition - in which the immune system takes part. We are looking forward to a wide and vivid discussion of these and related issues, and we sincerely expect that our readers profoundly benefit from new exciting insights and fruitful collaborations.

Download or read book The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health written by Kitty Verhoeckx and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-29 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Infogest” (Improving Health Properties of Food by Sharing our Knowledge on the Digestive Process) is an EU COST action/network in the domain of Food and Agriculture that will last for 4 years from April 4, 2011. Infogest aims at building an open international network of institutes undertaking multidisciplinary basic research on food digestion gathering scientists from different origins (food scientists, gut physiologists, nutritionists...). The network gathers 70 partners from academia, corresponding to a total of 29 countries. The three main scientific goals are: Identify the beneficial food components released in the gut during digestion; Support the effect of beneficial food components on human health; Promote harmonization of currently used digestion models Infogest meetings highlighted the need for a publication that would provide researchers with an insight into the advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of respective in vitro and ex vivo assays to evaluate the effects of foods and food bioactives on health. Such assays are particularly important in situations where a large number of foods/bioactives need to be screened rapidly and in a cost effective manner in order to ultimately identify lead foods/bioactives that can be the subject of in vivo assays. The book is an asset to researchers wishing to study the health benefits of their foods and food bioactives of interest and highlights which in vitro/ex vivo assays are of greatest relevance to their goals, what sort of outputs/data can be generated and, as noted above, highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the various assays. It is also an important resource for undergraduate students in the ‘food and health’ arena.

Download or read book The Immunology of Human Pregnancy written by Henry N. Claman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Translational Studies on Inflammation written by Ane C.F. Nunes and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflammation is known worldwide, from the bench to the bedside, but it is a hard theme to approach with one single point of view.In this sense, a selection of translational studies would support the medical-scientific community to better understand the complex network of the inflammatory process, its maintenance, and potential treatment targets. The eleven chapters that compose this book present interesting insights into inflammation and its mechanisms, merging classic background with innovative approaches. From the molecular basis to experimental models, the chapters selected for this book bring to readers at different academic levels updated and practical data on inflammation. Find out what drives interdisciplinary medical research on inflammation and enjoy this informative collection.

Download or read book Immunization Safety Review written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-07-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By two years of age, healthy infants in the United States can receive up to 20 vaccinations to protect against 11 diseases. Although most people know that vaccines effectively protect against serious infectious diseases, approximately one-quarter of parents in a recent survey believe that infants get more vaccines than are good for them, and that too many immunizations could overwhelm an infant's immune system. The Immunization Safety Review Committee reviewed the evidence regarding the hypothesis that multiple immunizations increase the risk for immune dysfunction. Specifically, the committee looked at evidence of potential biological mechanisms and at epidemiological evidence for or against causality related to risk for infections, the autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes, and allergic disorders.

Download or read book Stress Challenges and Immunity in Space written by Alexander Choukèr and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how stress – either psychological or physical – can activate and/or paralyse human innate or adaptive immunity. Adequate immunity is crucial for maintaining health, both on Earth and in space. During space flight, human physiology is specifically challenged by complex environmental stressors, which are most pronounced during lunar or interplanetary missions. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the book identifies the impact of these stressors – the space exposome – on immunity as a result of (dys-)functions of specific cells, organs and organ networks. These conditions (e.g. gravitation changes, radiation, isolation/confinement) affect immunity, but at the same time provide insights that may help to prevent, diagnose and address immune-related health alterations. Written by experts from academia, space agencies and industry, the book is a valuable resource for professionals, researchers and students in the field of medicine, biology and technology. The chapters “The Impact of Everyday Stressors on the Immune System and Health”, “Stress and Radiation Responsiveness” and “Assessment of Radiosensitivity and Biomonitoring of Exposure to Space adiation” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Download or read book Immunology of Pregnancy and its Disorders written by C.M. Stern and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to describe the nature of the materno-fetal immunobiological relationship and to suggest the direction in which the management of reproduction and its failure in man is moving. The several authors, who have written about their special fields of interest, need to be read within a framework designed to blend their contributions into a whole. This preamble provides a part of that framework, by describing the early development of the embryo, that of the placenta and its membranes and their anatomical relationship with maternal tissues: in other words, the stage upon which this materno-fetal dialogue takes place. Professor Maureen Young's 'tour de force', encapsulating the whole of fetal physiology into a single chapter, completes the background information. After Maureen Young's summary of fetal physiology, Matteo Adinolfi describes the development of the immune system in the fetus, including new information that allows more accurate speculation concerning the gestational age at which fetal immune responses of various kinds may begin. Charles Loke examines the nature of antigens which are found in the placenta, concentrating on those which occur on syncytiotrophoblast and suggesting roles for them in fetal development. Arnold Klopper covers the wide range of proteins and hormones which have been studied during pregnancy and found to vary in a potentially significant way. He has been careful to distinguish between observation and hypothesis, as far as any immunomodulating action is concerned, and his analysis is a model of scientific scepticism.

Download or read book Immunologic Concepts in Transfusion Medicine written by Robert W Maitta and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-08-27 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunological Concepts in Transfusion Medicine provides a thorough discussion of the immune aspects of blood component transfusion, with in-depth information on the intricacies of immune responses to blood components and the immune processes that may be initiated in response to blood exposure. Written to increase knowledge and awareness of immune challenges such as alloimmunization and transfusion-related acute lung injury, this title bridges current basic scientific discoveries and the potential effects seen in blood recipients. Complies the knowledge and expertise of Dr. Robert Maitta, an expert in immune responses and antibody function/structure studies. Helps clinicians in the daily practice of caring for patients in need of transfusion support, as well as physicians in training when considering utilizing blood transfusions in a limited scope or in the setting of massive transfusion. Includes an immunology primer as an introduction to in-depth chapters covering allergic immune reactions to blood components, transfusion-related immunomodulation, fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia and neonatal neuthropenia, complications of haploidentical and mismatched HSC transplantation, chimeric antibody receptor therapies, and much more. Consolidates today’s available information on this timely topic into a single, convenient resource.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Life History Evolution written by Thomas Flatt and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-05-12 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life history theory seeks to explain the evolution of the major features of life cycles by analyzing the ecological factors that shape age-specific schedules of growth, reproduction, and survival and by investigating the trade-offs that constrain the evolution of these traits. Although life history theory has made enormous progress in explaining the diversity of life history strategies among species, it traditionally ignores the underlying proximate mechanisms. This novel book argues that many fundamental problems in life history evolution, including the nature of trade-offs, can only be fully resolved if we begin to integrate information on developmental, physiological, and genetic mechanisms into the classical life history framework. Each chapter is written by an established or up-and-coming leader in their respective field; they not only represent the state of the art but also offer fresh perspectives for future research. The text is divided into 7 sections that cover basic concepts (Part 1), the mechanisms that affect different parts of the life cycle (growth, development, and maturation; reproduction; and aging and somatic maintenance) (Parts 2-4), life history plasticity (Part 5), life history integration and trade-offs (Part 6), and concludes with a synthesis chapter written by a prominent leader in the field and an editorial postscript (Part 7).