Download or read book Identification of Species and Varieties of Ryegrass Lolium Spp written by Manoel Bernardo De Barros and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to investigate ryegrass seedling characteristics that, by themselves, or combined with presently known characters, could improve varietal identification tests. Thirteen characters were studied on 30 varieties of Lolium multiflorum Lam., L. perenne L., L. rigidum Gaud, and L. hybridum Hausskn., including leaf size and area, epidermal characteristics, structural elements, and leaf blade vernation. Mean differences among species occurred in the following characteristics: Lolium multiflorum. and L. perenne: leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, minor and major vascular bundles, lower and upper sclerenchyma fiber groups, hair density, number of vascular bundles, and leaf blade vernation, Lolium multiflorum and L. hybridum; leaf width, leaf length, leaf area and leaf vernation. Lolium perenne and L. hybridum: leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, and total of sclerenchyma fiber groups, and leaf vernation. Lolium perenne and L. rigidum: leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, and leaf vernation. Lolium multiflorum and L. rigidum: leaf blade vernation. Lolium hybridum and L. rigidum: leaf blade vernation. Tetraploids and diploids were significantly different on the average, within their respective species, as follows: Lolium multiflorum: leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, stomata density. Lolium perenne: leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, stomata density. Lolium hybridum: stomata density, and number of major vascular bundles. Some significant differences among varieties within species and ploidy levels were observed in the following characteristics: Lolium multiflorum tetraploids: leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, minor vascular bundles. Lolium multiflorum diploids: leaf width, leaf length, leaf area, minor vascular bundles, total vascular bundles. Lolium perenne tetraploids: leaf area. Lolium perenne diploids: leaf length, leaf area, minor vascular bundles. Although varietal means differed for many of the characters, individual plants could not be identified on the basis of a single character. An illustration was prepared to show how a combination of morphological characters might be used in varietal identification. With a table of varietal means for nine characters, only two (Jolanda and Tetrone--both tetraploids of L. multiflorum) of the 30 varieties studied were indistinguishable. The leaf blade vernation of Wimmera (L. rigidum) and. Tetrelite (L. hybridum) appeared to be intermediate between that of L. multiflorum and L. perenne. The vernation was folded from the midrib, like in L. perenne, while the edges of the leaf were inrolled and overlapping, somewhat like L. multiflorum. This type of vernation is being called semi-rolled, to conveniently distinguish from "rolled" and "folded."
Download or read book SDS PAGE of Seed Proteins for Identification of Varieties and Species of Ryegrass Lolium Spp written by Janet M. Ferguson and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of varieties of ryegrass (Lolium spp.) has increased greatly in recent years. An accurate and rapid laboratory technique to identify these varieties would benefit the consumer as well as protect an organization's Plant Variety Protection rights. There is also a need for a technique to complement the seedling fluorescence test to differentiate annual (L. multiflorum Lam.) from perennial (L. perenne L.) ryegrass. Electrophoresis has been successful in species and variety identification of ryegrass, but often differences are based only on band intensity or require analysis of 100 plants or more. The purpose of this study was to develop electrophoretic procedures which would identify varieties of perennial ryegrass, differentiate between annual and perennial ryegrass species and detect seed mixtures of these two species. Proteins were analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SOS-PAGE). Extractions were made on ground seed from bulk samples and from single seeds. In the characterization study of perennial ryegrass, 28 varieties were tested. Many of the protein bands were common for all of the varieties. Individual varieties were characterized by presence or absence of specific bands and by band intensity ratios calculated from densitometer scans. Most of the varieties were differentiated by unique banding patterns. The varieties 'Pennant' and 'Premier', however, were not successfully differentiated from each other nor was 'Omega' found to be different from the variety 'Birdie.' In a study to determine the feasibility of detecting mixtures of species, SDS-PAGE was conducted on 17 annual, 3 intermediate, and 28 perennial ryegrass varieties. The annual and intermediate varieties possessed protein bands at R[subscript f] .71 and .73 that were not found in any of the perennial varieties. Bands were present in the perennial varieties at R[subscript f] .80 and .88 that were absent or very faintly stained in the annual and intermediate varieties. The intermediate species could not be differentiated from the annual species. Attempts were made to use SDS-PAGE to detect contamination of perennial ryegrass seed lots with small percentages of annual ryegrass seed. Annual and perennial ryegrass seeds were mixed together in different proportions to make concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100% annual seed. Visible detection of the annual bands was possible in the mixtures of 25% or more annual seed. Densitometer scans could detect the presence of these annual bands in mixtures of 10%, but not in lower concentrations. Protein extracts of individual seeds were electrophoresed to determine whether species mixtures can be detected on an individual seed basis. When individual seeds were used, the resulting banding patterns were different than those produced from bulk seed extracts from the same variety. Furthermore, no two seeds within a variety showed the same banding patterns. However, the characteristic annual bands at R[subscript f] .71 and .73 were still evident in most single seeds from annuals. Likewise, the characteristic perennial bands at R[subscript f] .80 and .88 were normally present in individual seeds of the perennials. Banding patterns of SDS-PAGE of seed proteins were not affected by year and location grown, class of certification or viability or vigor of the seed. This one procedure can be used to differentiate varieties as well as species of ryegrass, making this SDS-PAGE system adaptable to seed testing needs.
Download or read book New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1978-05 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Weed Biology and Management written by Inderjit and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weeds hold an enigmatic and sometimes-controversial place in agriculture, where they are generally reviled, grudgingly tolerated, and occasionally admired. In most cases, growers make considerable effort to reduce the negative economic impact of weeds because they compete with crops for resources and hinder field operations, thereby affecting crop productivity and quality, and ultimately the sustainability of agriculture. Weed control in production agriculture is commonly achieved through the integration of chemical, biological, and mechanical management methods. Chemicals (herbicides) usually inhibit the growth and establishment of weed plants by interfering with various physiological and biochemical pathways. Biological methods include crop competition, smother crops, rotation crops, and allelopathy, as well as specific insect predators and plant pathogens. Mechanical methods encompass an array of tools from short handled hoes to sophisticated video-guided robotic machines. Integrating these technologies, in order to relieve the negative impacts of weeds on crop production in a way that allows growers to optimize profits and preserve human health and the environment, is the science of weed management.
Download or read book Herbicide Resistance in Plants written by Homer M. LeBaron and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1982 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Genotyping written by Robert J. Henry and published by CABI. This book was released on 2001-08-17 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant genotyping, or DNA fingerprinting of plants, is a technology that has matured and is poised for widespread practical application in the fields of breeding, commerce and research. This book examines the technologies available and their application in the analysis of:Wild plant populationsGermplasm collections Plant breedingContributors include leading research workers in this field from North America, Europe and Australasia.
Download or read book New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agriculture Handbook written by Albina Frances Musil and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Set includes revised editions of some issues.
Download or read book Seed Quality written by Robert E Gough and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-18 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seed Quality: Basic Mechanisms and Agricultural Implications focuses on various aspects of seed quality and integrates research at basic and applied levels, supporting high-quality seeds as the basis of higher agricultural productivity. With its clear perspective and interdisciplinary focus on basic and applied aspects of seed quality, this book is immensely useful to students and teachers in many agricultural and botanical disciplines. Because seed quality is a critical component in the economic considerations of the farmer and the seedman alike, Basra looks in-depth at these aspects of seed production: seed viability seed health seed vigor seed testing variety identification crop yield seed storage seed production seed deterioration seed treatments Seed quality is of international agronomic concern, and the recent upsurge of interest in seed quality has accentuated a new awareness regarding its importance in crop production. This book meets the need for information and could form the basis of long-range planning by policymakers on quality assurance and management programs and in the facilitation of international trade. Researchers, students, and teachers in many agricultural and botanical disciplines--seed science and technology in particular--will find this book to be of immense use. It can be used as a handbook for those involved in seed industry and seed testing services. It is recommended for international courses in seed science and technology and seed training programs.
Download or read book A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Lolium written by Edward E. Terrell and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Breeding of Forage Crops written by German Spangenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forage plant breeding has entered the genome era. This timely book reviews the latest advances in the development and application of molecular technologies which supplement conventional breeding efforts for our major forage crops. It describes the plethora of new technologies and tools now available for high-throughput gene discovery, genome-wide gene expression analysis, production of transgenic plants, genome analysis and marker-assisted selection as applied to forage plants. Detailed accounts are presented of current and future opportunities for innovative applications of these molecular tools and technologies in the identification, functional characterisation, and use of valuable genes in forage production systems and beyond. This book represents a valuable resource for plant breeders, geneticists, and molecular biologists, and will be of particular relevance to advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, and researchers with an interest in forage legumes and grasses.
Download or read book Molecular Evolution of the Genus Lolium L written by Kornelia Polok and published by Kornelia Polok. This book was released on 2007 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cytogenetics of the Festuca Lolium Complex written by Prem P. Jauhar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presented here are modern and classical aspects of cytogenetics as well as biotechnology in relation to improvement of the Festuca-Lolium group of grasses. Festuca and its close relative Lolium are very valuable genera of temperate agriculture. These fascinating genera contain some highly productive, nutritious, and well-adapted grasses widely used for agricultural and recreational purposes world wide. The book is organizedinto 15 chapters devoted to taxonomy and systematics; species evolution and divergence by increase in chromosome number as well as by change in DNA content; genetic control of chromosome pairing and its breeding and phylogenetic implications; B chromosomes, induced polyploidy and haploidy inrelation to varietal improvement; wide hybridization, genome relationships, and plant improvement; genomic balance in relation to hybrid fertility and hererosis breeding; biotechnology and its potential applications in plant improvement. It is of special interest to geneticists, taxonomists, evolutionists, biotechnologists, and plant breeders.
Download or read book New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of New Characteristics for Identification and Classification of Cultivars of Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L written by Madeline Elizabeth Hamill and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book O S U Theses and Dissertations 1970 1977 written by Oregon State University and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
