Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes Potentially Involved in the Etiology of Ovarian Cancer written by David Charles Schultz and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last century it has become widely accepted that cancer is a genetic disease. Initiation and progression of cancer results from the accumulation of mutations in at least three classes of cellular genes. In this aspect the genetics of ovarian cancer have remained poorly understood with respect to other diseases. During tumorigenesis, many of the documented changes in cellular DNA involve inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. In this aspect, molecular analyses of ovarian cancer specimens indicate that several tumor suppressor genes may be involved in the etiology of this disease. Loss of heterozygosity for polymorphic markers on a chromosome arm is often indicative of the inactivation of a tumor suppressor on that chromosome based on Knudson's "two-hit" hypothesis. Allelic loss studies in a large series of ovarian tumors identified several candidate tumor suppressor loci on chromosome 9. Mutational analysis of CDKN2A/p16 on 9p21 in ovarian tumors revealed a minor role for the inactivation of this gene in ovarian cancer. Overall, these studies suggest the potential involvement of a gene or genes on chromosome 9q in the progression of this disease.
Download or read book Identification of Two Candidate Tumor Suppressor Genes on Chromosome 17p13 3 Assessment of Their Roles in Breast and Ovarian Carcinogenesis written by Andrew K. Godwin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OVCA1 and OVCA2 were first identified by us as candidate tumor suppressor genes, due to the fact that they map to a critical region of frequent allelic loss in breast and ovarian cancer at l7p13.3. Our studies have shown that OVCA1 is mutated in some tumor cell lines, and its protein levels are decreased or lost in nearly 40% of breast and ovarian adenocarcinomas, while OVCA2 appears to be unaffected. Expression of low levels of exogenous OVCA1 results in dramatic growth suppression and decreased levels of cyclin D1. We used a yeast-2-hybrid screen to identify OVCA1-associating proteins. One such protein, RBM8, was identified. Amino acid sequence indicates that RBM8 is a new member of an RNA-binding motif (RBM) family which is highly conserved evolutionarily. RBM8, also know as Y14 has been shown to be a shuttling protein that preferentially associates with spliced mRNA in the nucleus and remains associated with newly exported mRNA in the cytoplasm. Mutational analysis revealed no somatic mutations in ovarian tumor however, our current studies suggest that RBM8 is involved in mRNA export and that its levels may be significantly upregulated in most transformed cells. Overall, our studies indicate that altered expression and/or post-translational modifications of OVCA1 is associated with the development of breast and ovarian tumors and suggest a potentially new mechanism for the inactivation of tumor suppressors in cancer.
Download or read book as S y sa al Ir q ya al mun aliq t al mum ras t al ahd f written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders written by Albert Altchek and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-09-04 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated second edition of Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders provides thorough, yet succinct insight into the ever-changing realm of ovarian disorders. It presents a novel multidisciplinary approach to the subject as described by clinicians, surgeons, pathologists, basic scientists and related medical researchers. Topics covered include reproductive technology, early diagnosis of ovarian cancer, and management of menopause among others. The breadth of information provided by this book will appeal to clinicians and researchers involved in the study and treatment of ovarian disorders. KEY FEATURES* Includes updated information on early diagnosis of ovarian cancer* Reviews new diagnostic techniques for ovarian disorders* Discusses latest information on reproductive technology* Presents translational treatment linking laboratory research with clinical medicine
Download or read book Identification of Genes and Potential Pathways Involved in Familial Ovarian Cancer written by Kelly Kai Yin Seto and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most important risk factors in ovarian cancer is family history, and two well-studied tumour suppressor genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 have already been identified in "high-risk" families. However, alterations of other genes may also be important for ovarian cancer pathogenesis in individuals with family history of breast/ovarian cancer.Additionally, I observed that expression levels of PRKCZ are higher in ovarian tumours from patients with strong family history compared to patients with weak family history. PRKCZ has previously been shown to be involved in a variety of cellular processes; however its role in ovarian cancer remained elusive. To further understand the role of PRKCZ in ovarian tumourigenesis, including cell viability, cell migration, as well as relevant downstream signaling pathways, I performed functional assays using an in vitro ovarian cancer model. I observed that PRKCZ increases proliferation of the SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line and participates in EGF-induced chemotaxis. Furthermore, I identified IGF1R (insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor) and ITGB3 (integrin beta 3) as downstream effectors of PRKCZ as expression of these genes is significantly altered when PRKCZ is over-expressed. Given their previously identified associations with familial ovarian cancer, the IGF1 and ITGB3 signaling pathways may therefore represent a possible link between PRKCZ and this disease.In this thesis, I compared the gene expression profiles of tumours from patients with strong and weak family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer to identify genes that may be significant in the subset of patients with ovarian cancer predisposition. Based on this comparison, two genes of interest were selected for further investigations: hCDC4/FBXW7 (F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7) and PRKCZ (protein kinase C zeta).Through mutational analyses I identified one nucleotide alteration within exon 7 of hCDC4; however, overall I found that hCDC4 mutation is a rare event in ovarian tumours. Additional epigenetics analyses revealed that promoter methylation is not a significant mechanism responsible for repression of hCDC4 expression in ovarian cancer. Nevertheless, the variable expression of hCDC4 proteins observed in ovarian tumour tissues by immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays suggests that hCDC4 deregulation may potentially be important in a subset of ovarian cancers.
Download or read book Functional Characterization of a Novel Pro Apoptotic Transcription Regulatory Protein in Ovarian Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an effort to identify genetic changes involved in ovarian cancer (OvCa) development, we performed differential display-PCR, cDNA microarray and suppression subtraction hybridization analyses (SHH) to identify early genetic alterations associated with OvCa. These studies resulted in identification of several genes differentially expressed in OvCa, including a novel gene encoding a transcription elongation-like protein with the ability to induce apoptosis and suppress cancer cell growth. We named the protein ProApoptotic Protein on chromosome X (PAPX). Pro-apoptotic protein on X (PAPX) is a novel nuclear protein with sequence homology to transcription elongation factor like 1 (TCEAL1) [1]. PAPX expression is down-regulated in majority of ovarian cancer cell lines and primary tumors [2]. Re-expression of PAPX induces cell death and attenuates cell growth. We therefore proposed to study the functional role of PAPX as a candidate tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer. We proposed to (1) determine effect of PAPX on tumor and cell growth in vivo and in vitro; (2) analyze genes regulated by PAPX by transcriptional profiling using microarray chips; and (3) identify proteins that interact with PAPX and elucidate the function of PAPX related to tumor suppression.
Download or read book Ovarian Cancers written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an era of promising advances in cancer research, there are considerable and even alarming gaps in the fundamental knowledge and understanding of ovarian cancer. Researchers now know that ovarian cancer is not a single disease-several distinct subtypes exist with different origins, risk factors, genetic mutations, biological behaviors, and prognoses. However, persistent questions have impeded progress toward improving the prevention, early detection, treatment, and management of ovarian cancers. Failure to significantly improve morbidity and mortality during the past several decades is likely due to several factors, including the lack of research being performed by specific disease subtype, lack of definitive knowledge of the cell of origin and disease progression, and incomplete understanding of genetic and non-genetic risk factors. Ovarian Cancers examines the state of the science in ovarian cancer research, identifies key gaps in the evidence base and the challenges to addressing those gaps, considers opportunities for advancing ovarian cancer research, and examines avenues for translation and dissemination of new findings and communication of new information to patients and others. This study makes recommendations for public- and private-sector efforts that could facilitate progress in reducing the incidence of morbidity and mortality from ovarian cancers.
Download or read book Physical and Functional Evidence in Support of Candidate Chromosome 3p Tumour Suppressor Genes Implicated in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer written by Neal A. L. Cody and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification of Genes and Pathways Involved in Familial Ovarian Cancer written by Kelly Kai Yin Seto and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Potential Involvement of the Breast Cancer BRCA1 and Retinoblastoma Rb Tumor Suppressor Genes in the Hereditary Predisposition to Ovarian Cancer in Japanese Women written by Colleen Marie Schehl and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Holland Frei Cancer Medicine written by Robert C. Bast, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Molecular Targets in Hepatocellular Carcinoma written by Vinay Kumar and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-21 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: the field of oncology and is the most common form of liver cancer. In some cases, HCC can be treated through surgery and ablations but can be extended to a full transplant. Risk factors for HCC have been elucidated in previous years, linking hepatitis viruses, diabetes, and alcohol-dependent conditions to the pathogenesis of HCC. Given the prevalence of HCC in global populations (currently >800,000 new cases per year, and rising), there is a requirement to identify molecular targets in HCC and develop new therapeutic strategies to manage and treat HCCs. New technologies and techniques, including gene sequencing, bioinformatics, and liquid biopsy, have helped identify molecular and genetic players involved in the development of HCC. As such, a comprehensive genetic/immune signature of HCC would be invaluable in the development of new therapeutics and treatment strategies, as well as early identification and management of HCC. There are currently various trials that implement a combination of already approved drugs to better the prognosis of patients suffering from HCC. There is, however, still room for improvement, and as our understanding of the various factors involved in HCC improves, so will the prognosis of patients suffering from HCC globally. This Research Topic aims to highlight the molecular and genetic targets that lead to the progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. We welcome Original Research, Reviews, and other article types.
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2068 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book Mammography and Beyond written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-23 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year more than 180,000 new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed in women in the U.S. If cancer is detected when small and local, treatment options are less dangerous, intrusive, and costly-and more likely to lead to a cure. Yet those simple facts belie the complexity of developing and disseminating acceptable techniques for breast cancer diagnosis. Even the most exciting new technologies remain clouded with uncertainty. Mammography and Beyond provides a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective on the state of breast cancer screening and diagnosis and recommends steps for developing the most reliable breast cancer detection methods possible. This book reviews the dramatic expansion of breast cancer awareness and screening, examining the capabilities and limitations of current and emerging technologies for breast cancer detection and their effectiveness at actually reducing deaths. The committee discusses issues including national policy toward breast cancer detection, roles of public and private agencies, problems in determining the success of a technique, availability of detection methods to specific populations of women, women's experience during the detection process, cost-benefit analyses, and more. Examining current practices and specifying research and other needs, Mammography and Beyond will be an indispensable resource to policy makers, public health officials, medical practitioners, researchers, women's health advocates, and concerned women and their families.
Download or read book Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers written by Khalid El Bairi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-09 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively summarizes the biology, etiology, and pathology of ovarian cancer and explores the role of deep molecular and cellular profiling in the advancement of precision medicine. The initial chapter discusses our current understanding of the origin, development, progression and tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer. In turn, the book highlights the development of resistance, disease occurrence, and poor prognosis that are the hallmarks of ovarian cancer. The book then reviews the role of deep molecular and cellular profiling to overcome challenges that are associated with the treatment of ovarian cancer. It explores the use of genome-wide association analysis to identify genetic variants for the evaluation of ovarian carcinoma risk and prognostic prediction. Lastly, it highlights various diagnostic and prognostic ovarian cancer biomarkers for the development of molecular-targeted therapy.
