Download or read book Hydrogen Generation from Plasmatron Reformers written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) Plasmatron reformer technology has been evaluated for regeneration of NOx adsorber after-treatment systems. At ArvinMeritor tests were performed on a dual-leg NOx adsorber system using a Cummins 8.3L diesel engine both in a test cell and on a vehicle. A NOx adsorber system was tested using the plasmatron reformer as a regenerator and without the reformer (i.e., with straight diesel fuel based regeneration as the baseline case. The plasmatron reformer was shown to improve NOx regeneration significantly compared to the baseline diesel case. The net result of these initial tests was a significant decrease in fuel penalty, roughly 50% at moderate adsorber temperatures. This fuel penalty improvement is accompanied by a dramatic drop in slipped hydrocarbon emissions, which decreased by 90% or more. Significant advantages are demonstrated across a wide range of engine conditions and temperatures. The study also indicated the potential to regenerate NOx adsorbers at low temperatures where diesel fuel based regeneration is not effective, such as those typical of idle conditions. Two vehicles, a bus and a light duty truck, have been equipped for plasmatron reformer NOx adsorber regeneration tests.

Download or read book Plasmatron Reformation of Renewable Fuels written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The characteristics of plasmatron reformers for the generation of hydrogen rich gas using renewable fuels is discussed. Biodiesel and ethanol have been investigated. Operating as a function of the air/fuel ratio is evaluated, as well as the impact of the plasma.

Download or read book Hydrogen rich Gas Production from Plasmatron Reforming of Biofuels written by Kamal Hadidi and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-mass, as a renewable resource can potentially be converted into economically attractive fuels for transportation uses. Several processes have been considered for the reformation of biomass into hydrogen. They include fast pyrolysis, catalytic steam reforming, catalytic pyrolysis and supercritical water reforming. However, these technologies can not be used for onboard applications. An alternative approach is to use on-board generation of hydrogen. The plasmatron technology being developed at MIT for reformation of a wide range of fuels into synthesis gas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) uses special low current plasmas. Vegetable oils and ethanol have been used in a plasmatron reformer to generate synthesis gas. Corn, canola, and soybean oils and ethanol have been reformed at different oxygen to carbon ratios and at power levels of 700 and 200 watts with a frequency of 200 to 260 kHz. In the case of ethanol, some of the oxygen required for the reformation is provided by the fuel itself. Both homogeneous plasma reforming (non-catalytic) and catalytic plasma reformer have been evaluated. Hydrogen yields of close to 80% have been achieved during catalytic reformation of corn and soybean oils and ethanol. Canola oil catalytic reformation yielded 60% of hydrogen. Other major compounds of the reformat gas are carbon monoxide and light hydrocarbons such as CH4 and C2H4.

Download or read book Onboard Plasmatron Generation of Hydrogen Rich Gas for Diesel Engine Exhaust Aftertreatment and Other Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasmatron reformers can provide attractive means for conversion of diesel fuel into hydrogen rich gas. The hydrogen rich gas can be used for improved NOx trap technology and other aftertreatment applications.

Download or read book Startup Characteristics of Plasmatron Gasoline Reformers written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The startup characteristics of plasmatron reformers with gasoline fuel for the generation of hydrogen rich gas is discussed. A brief set of experiments has been carried out at a single fuel and air flow rate. The air/fuel mixture preparation, especially the implications of the gasoline vaporization, has been modeled using a CFD code.

Download or read book Plasmatron Fuel Reformer Development and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle Applications written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (cont.) Both noncatalytic and catalytic (with a catalyst downstream from a homogeneous reforming zone) have been studied. Onboard conversion of biofuels into hydrogen rich gas opens up a range of opportunities for reducing petroleum consumption. The plasmatron response has been determined using real time gas analysis techniques. For cold start, the response of a plasmatron fuel reformer using homogeneous reforming was faster than that from a plasmatron fuel reformer that included a catalyst. In addition, hydrogen production during warm start has also been studied. This mode of operation could be particularly relevant to some aftertreatment applications, where the hydrogen rich gas needs to be produced in short, frequent pulses. Concepts have been developed for optimal regeneration of Diesel Particulate Filters, using hydrogen rich gas. The goal is the simplification of the aftertreatment system, increasing reliability, fuel penalty minimization, and minimization of fuel reformer system requirements.

Download or read book Onboard Plasmatron Hydrogen Production for Improved Vehicles written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes progress in plasmatron fuel reformers and applications to internal combustion vehicles. Several plasmatron configurations and their performance with a variety of fuels are described. Fuels investigated range from methane and propane to gasoline, diesel and biofuels. Applications described include lean spark ignition operation, NOx trap regeneration, diesel particulate filter regeneration and ignition timing control in advanced combustion mode engines.

Download or read book Simulation of Hydrogen Generation from Methane Partial Oxidation in a Plasma Fuel Reformer written by Nuria Margarit Bel and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model for the chemistry in a plasma fuel reformer or plasmatron has been developed. The plasma fuel reformer is set up to produce syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas mixture) from partial oxidation of hydrocarbons. The behavior of methane as fuel has been investigated to characterize and simulate the plasmatron performance. The goal of this work has been improved understanding of the physical/chemical processes within the reactor. The simulation tool used was CHEMKIN 3.7, using the GRI methane combustion mechanism. The Partially Stirred Reactor application (PASR) simulates random mixing by a frequency mixing parameter, which is directly dependant of the system fluid dynamic properties. The fuel reformer was designed as a reactor where combustion is initiated by an electric discharge due to ohmic heating of the arc region. From discharge observations, energy estimations and model simulations, it was found that the electric arc initiates combustion by locally raising the temperature and then propagating the reaction by heat and mass transfer/mixing to the surroundings. Simulation results demonstrated that there is an optimum characteristic mixing time for each residence time, depending on the initial temperature reached at the arc. It was also found that for given power input into the system, the more spread the energy is, or the more mass is heated to a moderate temperature, the better the calculated performance.

Download or read book Hydrogen Production Via Plasma Reformers written by Christopher John O'Brien and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fuel Cells Technologies for Fuel Processing written by Dushyant Shekhawat and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel Cells: Technologies for Fuel Processing provides an overview of the most important aspects of fuel reforming to the generally interested reader, researcher, technologist, teacher, student, or engineer. The topics covered include all aspects of fuel reforming: fundamental chemistry, different modes of reforming, catalysts, catalyst deactivation, fuel desulfurization, reaction engineering, novel reforming concepts, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer issues, system design, and recent research and development. While no attempt is made to describe the fuel cell itself, there is sufficient description of the fuel cell to show how it affects the fuel reformer. By focusing on the fundamentals, this book aims to be a source of information now and in the future. By avoiding time-sensitive information/analysis (e.g., economics) it serves as a single source of information for scientists and engineers in fuel processing technology. The material is presented in such a way that this book will serve as a reference for graduate level courses, fuel cell developers, and fuel cell researchers. - Chapters written by experts in each area - Extensive bibliography supporting each chapter - Detailed index - Up-to-date diagrams and full colour illustrations

Download or read book Chemical Simulation of Hydrogen Generation in a Plasma Fuel Reformer written by Nuria Margarit Bel and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) Simulation results demonstrated that there is an optimum characteristic mixing time for each residence time, depending on the initial temperature reached at the arc. It was also found that the more spread the energy is, or the more mass is heated to a moderate temperature, the better the performance results.

Download or read book Hydrogen Generation from Ethanol using Plasma Reforming Technology written by JianHua Yan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of hydrogen production from renewable resources such as ethanol using plasma or plasma-catalytic technologies. Further, it presents a balanced and comprehensive treatment of the core principles, novel plasma reactors and diagnostics, as well as state-of-the-art plasma energy applications. It brings together technological advances and research on plasma generators and their application in hydrogen production, including plasma-assisted alcohol reforming technology, plasma-catalytic alcohol reforming technology, the alcohol reforming mechanism, models of alcohol reforming for hydrogen production, the energy balance of hydrogen production from ethanol, and a comparison of alcohol reforming assisted by different plasma treatment systems. As such, it offers a valuable reference guide for scientists, engineers and graduate students in the fields of energy and environment, plasma physics and chemistry.

Download or read book Hydrogen Production from Autothermal Reformation of Ethanol Iso octane Mixtures written by Jonathan M. Woolley and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hydrogen Science and Engineering written by Detlef Stolten and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-04 with total page 1220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by 50 top academic, government and industry researchers, this handbook explores mature, evolving technologies for a clean, economically viable alternative to non-renewable energy. In so doing, it also discusses such broader topics as the environmental impact, education, safety and regulatory developments. The text is all-encompassing, covering a wide range that includes hydrogen as an energy carrier, hydrogen for storage of renewable energy, and incorporating hydrogen technologies into existing technologies.

Download or read book Hydrogen Production from Nonrenewable Resources written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-11-08 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conventional generation of a substantial quantity of hydrogen from resources based on fossil fuels continues to play an essential role in the hydrogen economy. Hydrogen Production from Nonrenewable Resources offers a comprehensive overview and features three sections covering properties and characteristics of hydrogen, technologies for converting nonrenewable sources to hydrogen, and challenges in synthesis and production. Details of thermophysical characteristics and properties of hydrogen Covers conventional and novel industrial technologies for efficient production Explores environmental opportunities and challenges and health and safety regulations Provides techno‐economic and lifecycle assessments with future outlooks Part of the multivolume Handbook of Hydrogen Production and Applications, this standalone book guides researchers and academics in chemical, environmental, energy, and related areas of engineering interested in the development and implementation of hydrogen production technologies.

Download or read book International Journal of Vehicle Design written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fuel Processing written by Gunther Kolb and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-05-05 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopting a unique integrated engineering approach, this text covers all aspects of fuel processing: catalysts, reactors, chemical plant components and integrated system design. While providing an introduction to the subject, it also contains recent research developments, making this an invaluable handbook for chemical, power and process engineers, electrochemists, catalytic chemists, materials scientists and engineers in power technology.