Download or read book Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride written by Assembly of Life Sciences (U.S.). Committee on Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 INTRODUCTION. 2 SOURCERS OF CHLORINE AND HYDROGEN CHLORIDE. 3 CONSUMPTION OF CHLORINE AND HYDROGEN CHLORIDE. 4 ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OF CHLORINE COMPOUNDS. 5 EFFECTS OF CHLORINE AND HYDROGEN CHLORIDE ON MAN AND ANIMALS. 6 EFFECTS OF CHLORINE AND HYDROGEN CHLORIDE ON VEGETATION. 7 PROPERTY DAMAGE AND PUBLIC NUISANCE. 8 SAFETY IN USE AND HANDLING OF CHLORINE AND ANHYDROUS HYDROGEN CHLORIDE.
Download or read book Emergency and Continuous Exposure Guidance Levels for Selected Submarine Contaminants written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-10-21 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. Navy personnel who work on submarines are in an enclosed and isolated environment for days or weeks at a time when at sea. Unlike a typical work environment, they are potentially exposed to air contaminants 24 hours a day. To protect workers from potential adverse health effects due to those conditions, the U.S. Navy has established exposure guidance levels for a number of contaminants. The Navy asked a subcommittee of the National Research Council (NRC) to review, and develop when necessary, exposure guidance levels for specific contaminants. This volume, the third in a series, recommends 1-hour and 24-hour emergency exposure guidance levels (EEGLs) and 90-day continuous exposure guidance levels (CEGLs) for acetaldehyde, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sulfide, and propylene glycol dinitrate.
Download or read book Assessment of Exposure Response Functions for Rocket Emission Toxicants written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-07-24 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Air Force is developing a model to assist commanders in determining when it is safe to launch rocket vehicles. The model estimates the possible number and types of adverse health effects for people who might be exposed to the ground cloud created by rocket exhaust during a normal launch or during an aborted launch that results in a rocket being destroyed near the ground. Assessment of Exposure-Response Functions for Rocket-Emmission Toxicants evaluates the model and the data used for three rocket emission toxicants: hydrogen chloride, nitrogen dioxide, and nitric acid.
Download or read book Re evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Review of Submarine Escape Action Levels for Selected Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-02-04 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On-board fires can occur on submarines after events such as collision or explosion. These fires expose crew members to toxic concentrations of combustion products such as ammonia, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen sulfide. Exposure to these substances at high concentrations may cause toxic effects to the respiratory and central nervous system; leading possible to death. T protect crew members on disabled submarines, scientists at the U.S. Navy Health Research Center's Toxicology Detachment have proposed two exposure levels, called submarine escape action level (SEAL) 1 and SEAL 2, for each substance. SEAL 1 is the maximum concentration of a gas in a disabled submarine below which healthy submariners can be exposed for up to 10 days without encountering irreversible health effects while SEAL 2 the maximum concentration of a gas in below which healthy submariners can be exposed for up to 24 hours without experiencing irreversible health effects. SEAL 1 and SEAL 2 will not impair the functions of the respiratory system and central nervous system to the extent of impairing the ability of crew members in a disabled submarine to escape, be rescued, or perform specific tasks. Hoping to better protect the safety of submariners, the chief of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery requested that the National Research Council (NRC) review the available toxicologic and epidemiologic data on eight gases that are likely to be produced in a disabled submarine and to evaluate independently the scientific validity of the Navy's proposed SEALs for those gases. The NRC assigned the task to the Committee on Toxicology's (COT's) Subcommittee on Submarine Escape Action Levels. The specific task of the subcommittee was to review the toxicologic, epidemiologic, and related data on ammonia, carbon monoxide, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide in order to validate the Navy's proposed SEALs. The subcommittee also considered the implications of exposures at hyperbaric conditions and potential interactions between the eight gases. Review of Submarine Escape Action Levels for Selected Chemicals presents the subcommittee's findings after evaluation human data from experimental, occupational, and epidemiologic studies; data from accident reports; and experimental-animal data. The evaluations focused primarily on high-concentration inhalation exposure studies. The subcommittee's recommended SEALs are based solely on scientific data relevant to health effects. The report includes the recommendations for each gas as determined by the subcommittee as well as the Navy's original instructions for these substances.
Download or read book Active Nitrogen written by A. Nelson Wright and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical Chemistry, A Series of Monographs: Active Nitrogen presents the methods by which active nitrogen may be produced. This book is composed of five chapters that evaluate the energy content, molecular spectrum, and the emission of active nitrogen. Some of the topics covered in the book are the summary of light-emitting systems of active nitrogen; analysis of Long-Lived Lewis-Rayleigh Afterglow theory and Ionic theory of Mitra; reactions followed by induced light emission; and characteristics of homogeneous recombination. Other chapters deal with the analysis of metastable molecule theories and the mechanisms for reactions of active nitrogen involving direct N(4S) attack. The discussion then shifts to the rate constants for reactions induced by direct N(4S) attack. The evaluation of the Short-Lived Energetic Afterglow theory is presented. The final chapter is devoted to the examination of emission from molecular species with electronic energy levels below 9.76 eV. The book can provide useful information to physicists, students, and researchers.
Download or read book Hydrogen Chloride Production Cost Analysis HCl E11A written by Intratec and published by Intratec Solutions. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Anhydrous Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) production from hydrogen and chlorine. In this process, hydrogen and chlorine react in the gaseous phase in a plug flow reactor at elevated temperatures forming HCl. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) Keywords: Hydrogen Chloride, Direct Synthesis
Download or read book Chlorine Production from Hydrogen Chloride Cost Analysis Chlorine E23A written by Intratec and published by Intratec Solutions. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of secondary Chlorine production from hydrogen chloride. The process examined is similar to the Dupont hydrogen chloride dry electrolysis process. In this process, anhydrous hydrogen chloride is decomposed electrolytically in gaseous phase, producing Chlorine. Hydrogen is generated as by-product. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) Keywords: Secondary chlorine, hydrogen chloride waste treatment, HCl, cholrine recovery
Download or read book Chlorine Production from Hydrogen Chloride Cost Analysis Chlorine E22A written by Intratec and published by Intratec Solutions. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of secondary Chlorine production from hydrogen chloride. The process examined is similar to the ThyssenKrupp Uhde hydrogen chloride electrolysis process. In this process, a hydrogen chloride solution in water is decomposed electrolytically in a diaphragm cell, producing Chlorine. Hydrogen is generated as by-product This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) Keywords: Secondary chlorine, hydrogen chloride waste treatment, HCl, cholrine recovery
Download or read book Emergency Response Guidebook written by U.S. Department of Transportation and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-06-03 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.
Download or read book Chemistry 2e written by Paul Flowers and published by . This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry 2e is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The book also includes a number of innovative features, including interactive exercises and real-world applications, designed to enhance student learning. The second edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Substantial improvements have been made in the figures, illustrations, and example exercises that support the text narrative. Changes made in Chemistry 2e are described in the preface to help instructors transition to the second edition.
Download or read book The Kinetics of the Exchange of Chlorine Atoms Between Hydrogen Chloride and Benzyl Chlorides written by Warren Bruce and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Efficient Methods for Preparing Silicon Compounds written by Herbert W Roesky and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-12 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efficient Methods for Preparing Silicon Compounds is a unique and valuable handbook for chemists and students involved in advanced studies of preparative chemistry in academia and industry. Organized by the various coordination numbers (from two to six) of the central silicon atom of the reported compounds, this book provides researchers with a handy and immediate reference for any compound or properties needed in the area. Edited by a renowned expert in the field, each chapter explores a different type of compound, thoroughly illustrated with useful schemes and supplemented by additional references. Knowledgeable contributors report on a broad range of compounds on which they have published and which are already used on a broad scale or have the potential to be used in the very near future to develop a new field of research or application in silicon chemistry. - Includes contributions and edits from leading experts in the field - Includes detailed chemical schemes and useful references for each preparative method - Organized by the coordination numbers of the central silicon atom for each compound for easy navigation - Serves as a go-to primer for researchers in novel compositions of silicon matter
Download or read book Embedded Hydrogen Chloride and Smoke Particle Characteristics During Combustion of Polyvinyl Chloride and Chlorinated Mine Materials written by Maria I. De Rosa and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrogen Chloride Sparging Crystallization of the Chloride Salts of Cobalt Manganese and Nickel written by Donald E. Shanks and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars written by Robert M. Haberle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews all aspects of Mars atmospheric science from the surface to space, and from now and into the past.
Download or read book Chemical Demonstrations written by Bassam Z. Shakhashiri and published by Univ of Wisconsin Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes and gives instructions for lecture demonstrations covering acids and bases and liquids, solutions, and colloids
