Download or read book Principles of Human Organs on Chips written by Masoud Mozafari and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2023-01-17 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Human Organs-on-Chips covers all aspects of microfluidic organ-on-a-chip systems, from fabrication to application and commercialization. Organ-on-a-chip models are created to mimic the structural, microenvironmental and physiological functions of human organs, providing the potential to bypass some cell and animal testing methods. This is a useful platform with widespread applications, frequently in drug screening and pathological studies. This book offers a comprehensive and authoritative reference on microfluidic organs-on-chips, spanning all key aspects from fabrication methods, cell culture systems and cell-based analysis, to dedicated chapters on specific tissue types and their associated organ-on-a-chip models, as well as their use as disease models, drug screening platforms and more. Principles of Human Organs-on-Chips helps materials scientists and biomedical engineers to better understand the specific requirements and challenges in the design and fabrication of organ-on-a-chip devices. This book also bridges the knowledge gap between medical device design and subsequent clinical applications, allowing medical professionals to easily learn about related engineering concepts and techniques. Describes various microfluidic systems and fabrication methods Covers models and applications for a broad range of tissue types, including liver, eye, immune, gut, and more Offers an interdisciplinary approach, combining engineering techniques and clinical applications of organs-on-chips

Download or read book Organs on chips written by Yu-suke Torisawa and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-27 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in microsystems technology and cell culture techniques have led to the development of organ-on-chip microdevices that produce tissue-level functionality, not possible with conventional culture models, by recapitulating natural tissue architecture and microenvironmental cues within microfluidic devices. Since the physiological microenvironments in living systems are mostly microfluidic in nature, the use of microfluidic devices facilitates engineering cellular microenvironments; the microfluidic devices allow for control of local chemical gradients and dynamic mechanical forces, which play important roles in cellular viability and function. The organ-on-chip microdevices have great potential to promote drug discovery and development, to model human physiology and disease, and to replace animal models for efficacy and toxicity testing. Recently, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been leveraged to develop organs-on-chips, which enable various types of organ models and disease models not possible with primary cells and cell lines. This Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on: (1) microdevices to mimic or control cellular microenvironment; (2) microdevices to evaluate interactions between different organ models; (3) microdevices to maintain iPS cells or iPSC-derived cells; and (4) sensors and techniques to evaluate drug efficacy or toxicity.

Download or read book Organ on a Chip written by Marco Rasponi and published by Humana. This book was released on 2022-09-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a collection of microphysiological systems employed for chemical/drug screening and strategies to mimic various physiological conditions. Chapters guide readers through Organ-on-a-Chip( OoC) platforms such as liver, intestine, blood-brain barrier, kidney, vessels, cardiac and skeletal muscles, articular joint, human fat. Additional chapters detail microfabrication technologies used to fabricate OoC devices such as, standard photo- and soft-lithography, techniques to fabricate membranes, and industrial-oriented fabrication methods.Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Organ-On-a Chip: Methods and Protocols aims to be a useful practical guide to researches to help further their study in this field.

Download or read book Organ on a chip written by Julia Hoeng and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-09 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organ-on-a-Chip: Engineered Microenvironments for Safety and Efficacy Testing contains chapters from world-leading researchers in the field of organ on a chip development and applications, with perspectives from life sciences, medicine, physiology and engineering. The book contains an overview of the field, with sections covering the major organ systems and currently available technologies, platforms and methods. As readers may also be interested in creating biochips, materials and engineering best practice, these topics are also described. Users will learn about the limitations of 2D in-vitro models and the available 3D in-vitro models (what benefits they offer and some examples). Finally, the MOC section shows how the organ on a chip technology can be adapted to improve the physiology of in-vitro models. Includes case studies of other organs on a chip that have been developed and successfully used Provides insights into functional microphysiological organ on a chip platforms for toxicity and efficacy testing, along with opportunities for translational medicine Presented fields (PK/PD, physiology, medicine, safety) are given a definition followed by the challenges and potential of organs on a chip

Download or read book Lab on a Chip Fabrication and Application written by Margarita Stoytcheva and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-06-29 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The necessity of on-site, fast, sensitive, and cheap complex laboratory analysis, associated with the advances in the microfabrication technologies and the microfluidics, made it possible for the creation of the innovative device lab-on-a-chip (LOC), by which we would be able to scale a single or multiple laboratory processes down to a chip format. The present book is dedicated to the LOC devices from two points of view: LOC fabrication and LOC application.

Download or read book The Organ Thieves written by Chip Jones and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks meets Get Out in this “startling…powerful” (Kirkus Reviews) investigation of racial inequality at the core of the heart transplant race. In 1968, Bruce Tucker, a black man, went into Virginia’s top research hospital with a head injury, only to have his heart taken out of his body and put into the chest of a white businessman. Now, in The Organ Thieves, Pulitzer Prize–nominated journalist Chip Jones exposes the horrifying inequality surrounding Tucker’s death and how he was used as a human guinea pig without his family’s permission or knowledge. The circumstances surrounding his death reflect the long legacy of mistreating African Americans that began more than a century before with cadaver harvesting and worse. It culminated in efforts to win the heart transplant race in the late 1960s. Featuring years of research and fresh reporting, along with a foreword from social justice activist Ben Jealous, “this powerful book weaves together a medical mystery, a legal drama, and a sweeping history, its characters confronting unprecedented issues of life and death under the shadows of centuries of racial injustice” (Edward L. Ayers, author of The Promise of the New South).

Download or read book Human Organs on a Chip written by Javier Ramón-Azcón and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-11-15 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Organs-on-Chip: Novel Organ-on-a-Chip Techniques in Medicine paves the way for novel approaches that push forward in-vitro and in-vivo studies and fills a gap between laboratory and clinical use. These experienced authors share the knowledge they’ve developed with over a decade of experience and research with organ-on-chips and multi-organ-on-chips. This book collects all of the developments in the field and sheds new light on possibilities to develop human on-chip measurement methods with the utilization of currently available measurement techniques including both invasive and non-invasive tests. Human Organs-on-Chip: Novel Organ-on-a-Chip Techniques in Medicine serves as a starting point for young researchers who are beginning their scientific journeys. Provides an overview of the progress suborgan-on-chips development has made in recent years Introduces the fundamentals needed to understand lab-on-chip ideas with references and in-depth explanations Presents commercial achievements obtained and future perspectives

Download or read book Microfluidics and Multi Organs on Chip written by P. V. Mohanan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-11 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the application of microfluidics in cell biology research, chemical biology, and drug discovery. It covers the recent breakthroughs and prospects of organ-on-a-chip, human-on-a-chip, multi-organ-on-a-chip for personalized medicine. The book presents the preclinical studies of organs-on-a-chip, concepts of multiple vascularized organ-on-chips, application of organ-on-a-chip in blood-brain barrier model, culture and co-culture of cells on multi-organ-on-chip and parameter measurements in microfluidic devices. It underscores the advantage of microfluidic devices for developing efficient drug carrier particles, cell-free protein synthesis systems, and rapid techniques for direct drug screening. Further, it entails human-on-a-chip for measuring the systemic response as well as immediate effects of an organ reaction on other organs. In summary, this book reviews the development of a microfluidic-based organ-on-a-chip device for the preclinical evaluation, ADME studies of drugs, chemicals, and medical devices. This book is a valuable source for pharma companies, product developers, students, researchers, academicians, and practitioners.

Download or read book Basic Concepts on 3D Cell Culture written by Cornelia Kasper and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook shall introduce the students to 3D cell culture approaches and applications. An overview on existing techniques and equipment is provided and insight into various aspects and challenges that researchers need to consider and face during culture of 3D cells is given. The reader will learn the importance of physiological cell, tissue and organ models and gains important knowledge on 3D analytics. This textbook deepens selected aspects of the textbook “Cell Culture Technology”, which also is published in this series, while offering extended insight into 3D cell culture. The concept of the textbook encompasses various lectures ranging from basics in cell cultivation, tissue engineering, biomaterials and biocompatibility, in vitro test systems and regenerative medicine. The textbook addresses Master- and PhD students interested and/or working in the field of modern cell culture applications and will support the understanding of the essential strategies in 3D cell culture and waken awareness for the potentials and challenges of this application.

Download or read book Biofabrication written by Ritu Raman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How engineered materials and machines powered by living biological cells can tackle technological challenges in medicine, agriculture, and global security. You are a biological machine whose movement is powered by skeletal muscle, just as a car is a machine whose movement is powered by an engine. If you can be built from the bottom up with biological materials, other machines can be as well. This is the conceptual starting point for biofabrication, the act of building with living cells--building with biology in the same way we build with synthetic materials. In this volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, Ritu Raman offers an accessible introduction to biofabrication, arguing that it can address some of our greatest technological challenges. After presenting the background information needed to understand the emergence and evolution of biofabrication and describing the fundamental technology that enables building with biology, Raman takes deep dives into four biofabrication applications that have the potential to affect our daily lives: tissue engineering, organs-on-a-chip, lab-grown meat and leather, and biohybrid machines. Organs-on-a-chip (devices composed of miniature model tissues), for example, could be used to test new medicine and therapies, and lab-grown meat could alleviate environmental damage done by animal farming. She shows that biological materials have abilities synthetic materials do not, including the ability to adapt dynamically to their environments. Exploring the principles of biofabrication, Raman tells us, should help us appreciate the beauty, adaptiveness, and persistence of the biological machinery that drives our bodies and our world.

Download or read book Animal Experimentation Working Towards a Paradigm Change written by Kathrin Herrmann and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 749 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal experimentation has been one of the most controversial areas of animal use, mainly due to the intentional harms inflicted upon animals for the sake of hoped-for benefits in humans. Despite this rationale for continued animal experimentation, shortcomings of this practice have become increasingly more apparent and well-documented. However, these limitations are not yet widely known or appreciated, and there is a danger that they may simply be ignored. The 51 experts who have contributed to Animal Experimentation: Working Towards a Paradigm Change critically review current animal use in science, present new and innovative non-animal approaches to address urgent scientific questions, and offer a roadmap towards an animal-free world of science.

Download or read book The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-20 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology uses a chronological approach to demonstrate how the use of alternative methods has evolved from their conception as adjuncts to traditional animal toxicity tests to replacements for them. This volume in the History of Toxicology and Environmental Health series explores the history of alternative test development, validation, and use, with an emphasis on humanity and good science, in line with the Three Rs (Replacement,Reduction, Refinement) concept expounded by William Russell and Rex Burch in 1959 in their now classic volume, The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. The book describes the historical development of technologies that have influenced the application of alternatives in toxicology and safety testing. These range from single cell monocultures to sophisticated, miniaturised and microfluidic organism-on-a-chip devices, and also include molecular modelling, chemoinformatics and QSAR analysis, and the use of stem cells, tissue engineering and hollow fibre bioreactors. This has been facilitated by the wider availability of human tissues, advances in tissue culture, analytical and diagnostic methods, increases in computational processing, capabilities, and a greater understanding of cell biology and molecular mechanisms of toxicity. These technological developments have enhanced the range and information content of the toxicity endpoints detected, and therefore the relevance of test systems and data interpretation, while new techniques for non-invasive diagnostic imaging and high resolution detection methods have permitted an increased role for human studies. Several key examples of how these technologies are being harnessed to meet 21st century safety assessment challenges are provided, including their deployment in integrated testing schemes in conjunction with kinetic modelling, and in specialized areas, such as inhalation toxicity studies. The History of Alternative Test Methods in Toxicology uses a chronological approach to demonstrate how the use of alternative methods has evolved from their conception as adjuncts to traditional animal toxicity tests to replacements for them. This volume in the History of Toxicology and Environmental Health series explores the history of alternative test development, validation, and use, with an emphasis on humanity and good science, in line with the Three Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) concept expounded by William Russell and Rex Burch in 1959 in their now-classic volume, The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. The book describes the historical development of technologies that have influenced the application of alternatives in toxicology and safety testing. These range from single cell monocultures to sophisticated miniaturised and microfluidic organism-on-a-chip devices, and also include molecular modelling, chemoinformatics and QSAR analysis, and the use of stem cells, tissue engineering and hollow fibre bioreactors. This has been facilitated by the wider availability of human tissues, advances in tissue culture, analytical and diagnostic methods, increases in computational processing capabilities, and a greater understanding of cell biology and molecular mechanisms of toxicity. These technological developments have enhanced the range and information content of the toxicity endpoints detected, and therefore the relevance of test systems and data interpretation, while new techniques for non-invasive diagnostic imaging and high resolution detection methods have permitted an increased role for human studies. Several key examples of how these technologies are being harnessed to meet 21st century safety assessment challenges are provided, including their deployment in integrated testing schemes in conjunction with kinetic modelling, and in specialised areas, such as inhalation toxicity studies.

Download or read book Tumor Organoids written by Shay Soker and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies.

Download or read book Human Organs on a Chip Technology written by P.V. Mohanan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-28 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Organs-on-a-Chip Technology focuses on the technology advancement from “organ-on-a-chip to “multi organs-on-a-chip to the newest stage of “human organs-on-a-chip. Chapters investigate the design, simulation studies, device development and application of microfluidic systems. They also offer expert perspectives on the development of an alternative test system in the biological evaluation of drugs, cosmetics, chemicals, medical devices and many others. Lastly, the book addresses issues related to the development of microfluidic devices and alternative test systems in biological and biomedical research. Explores organs-on-a-chip technology, from the basics, to advanced developments and existing challenges and recent research trends and applications Reviews every aspect of microfluidic devices, including biological evaluation and targeted delivery Includes the latest information on regulatory updates

Download or read book Biochip Technology written by Jing Cheng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochip technology has experienced explosive growth in recent years and Biochip technology describes the basic manufacturing and fabrication processes and the current range of applications of these chips. Top scientists from the biochip industry and related areas explain the diverse applications of biochips in gene sequencing, expression monitoring, disease diagnosis, tumor examination, ligand assay and drug discovery.

Download or read book The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique written by William Moy Stratton Russell and published by Hyperion Books. This book was released on 1992 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance Document on Good In Vitro Method Practices GIVIMP written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-12-10 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past several decades, there has been a substantial increase in the availability of in vitro test methods for evaluating chemical safety in an international regulatory context. To foster confidence in in vitro alternatives to animal testing, the test methods and conditions under which ...