Download or read book How Estonia s Economic Transition Affected Employment and Wages 1989 95 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economic Crisis Health Systems and Health in Europe written by Sarah Thomson and published by Open University Press. This book was released on 2015-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic shocks pose a threat to health and health system performance by increasing people's need for health care and making access to care more difficult - a situation compounded by cuts in public spending on health and other social services. But these negative effects can be avoided by timely public policy action. While important public policy levers lie outside the health sector, in the hands of those responsible for fiscal policy and social protection, the health system response is critical. This book looks at how health systems in Europe reacted to pressure created by the financial and economic crisis that began in 2008. Drawing on the experience of over 45 countries, the authors:' analyse health system responses to the crisis in three policy areas: public funding for the health system; health coverage; and health service planning, purchasing and delivery 'assess the impact of these responses on health systems and population health' identify policies most likely to sustain the performance of health systems facing financial pressure' explore the political economy of implementing reforms in a crisisThe book is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand the choices available to policy-makers - and the implications of failing to protect health and health-system performance - in the face of economic and other forms of shock.--
Download or read book Emigration and Its Economic Impact on Eastern Europe written by Mr.Ruben Atoyan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-07-20 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyses the impact of large and persistent emigration from Eastern European countries over the past 25 years on these countries’ growth and income convergence to advanced Europe. While emigration has likely benefited migrants themselves, the receiving countries and the EU as a whole, its impact on sending countries’ economies has been largely negative. The analysis suggests that labor outflows, particularly of skilled workers, lowered productivity growth, pushed up wages, and slowed growth and income convergence. At the same time, while remittance inflows supported financial deepening, consumption and investment in some countries, they also reduced incentives to work and led to exchange rate appreciations, eroding competiveness. The departure of the young also added to the fiscal pressures of already aging populations in Eastern Europe. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for sending countries to mitigate the negative impact of emigration on their economies, and the EU-wide initiatives that could support these efforts.
Download or read book Sticky Feet written by Claire H. Hollweg and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report quantifies labor mobility costs in developing countries and simulates the implied adjustment paths of employment and wages following a change in trade policy. High mobility costs are shown to reduce the potential gains to trade reform.
Download or read book The World Bank Research Program 1998 written by World Bank Staff and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The four basic objectives of the World Bank's research program are:broadening understanding of development; assisting in developing research capacity in member countries; improving the Bank's capacity in advising members; and supporting all aspects of its own operations. The report is the annual compendium of current Bank research. The abstracts in this volume report on research projects within FY98, describing questions addressed , analytical methods used, findings to date, and policy implications. In addition, each abstract identifies the expected completion date and the research team, as well as any report or publication produced. The abstracts cover 193 research projects grouped under nine major headings, as follows:1) poverty and social welfare; 2) labor markets and education; 3) environmentally sustainable development; 4) infrastructure and urban development; 5) macroeconomics; 6) international economics; 7) domestic finance and capital markets; 8) transition economies; and 9) private sector development and public sector management. An appendix is included, listing reports and publications produced by Bank research with corresponding availability sources. Abstracts are indexed by the sponsoring unit.
Download or read book Global Value Chains and Productivity Micro Evidence from Estonia written by Hang T. Banh and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented collapse in global economic activity and trade. The crisis has also highlighted the role played by global value chains (GVC), with countries facing shortages of components vital to everything from health systems to everyday household goods. Despite the vulnerabilities associated with increased interconnectedness, GVCs have also contributed to increasing productivity and long-term growth. We explore empirically the impact of GVC participation on productivity in Estonia using firm-level data from 2000 to 2016. We find that higher GVC participation at the industry level significantly boosts productivity at both the industry and the firm level. Frontier firms, large firms, and exporting firms also benefit more from GVC participation than non-frontier firms, small firms, and non-exporting firms. We also find that GVC participation of downstream industries has a negative correlation with productivity. Frontier firms and large firms benefit more from GVC participation of upstream industries, while non-frontier firms and small firms benefit more from GVC participation of downstream industries. Our results suggest that policies designed to promote participation in GVCs are important to raise aggregate productivity and potential growth in Estonia.
Download or read book Moving for Prosperity written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-06-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migration presents a stark policy dilemma. Research repeatedly confirms that migrants, their families back home, and the countries that welcome them experience large economic and social gains. Easing immigration restrictions is one of the most effective tools for ending poverty and sharing prosperity across the globe. Yet, we see widespread opposition in destination countries, where migrants are depicted as the primary cause of many of their economic problems, from high unemployment to declining social services. Moving for Prosperity: Global Migration and Labor Markets addresses this dilemma. In addition to providing comprehensive data and empirical analysis of migration patterns and their impact, the report argues for a series of policies that work with, rather than against, labor market forces. Policy makers should aim to ease short-run dislocations and adjustment costs so that the substantial long-term benefits are shared more evenly. Only then can we avoid draconian migration restrictions that will hurt everybody. Moving for Prosperity aims to inform and stimulate policy debate, facilitate further research, and identify prominent knowledge gaps. It demonstrates why existing income gaps, demographic differences, and rapidly declining transportation costs mean that global mobility will continue to be a key feature of our lives for generations to come. Its audience includes anyone interested in one of the most controversial policy debates of our time.
Download or read book Employment Labor Markets and Poverty in Ghana written by Sudharshan Canagarajah and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Policy Research Working Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Male female Differences in Labor Market Outcomes During the Early Transition to Market written by Peter F. Orazem and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stabilization Adjustment and Growth Prospects in Transition Economies written by Cevdet Denizer and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transition Recession and Labour Supply written by Paolo Verme and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2001: Exploring the relationship between the recession and labour supply in Kazakhstan during the 1990s, this volume develops an innovative new model of the transitional process in the context of the CIS. It departs from conventional economic models explaining the process of transition, transferring the focus of attention from labour demand to labour supply with a view to clarifying how the transitional recession has affected households and, in turn, how these changes modified the supply of labour. Paolo Verme examines how the dynamic of the reallocation of labour between state and private enterprises has been drastically altered by the growth of self-employment and also takes a much-needed look at the contribution of other factors, offering an original explanation of this most important economic phenomenon.
Download or read book The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new data to give an overview of shadow economies from OECD countries and propose solutions to prevent illicit work.
Download or read book Constructing a Market Economy written by Richard W. T. Pomfret and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a cross-comparative study of the transition regimes of the countries formerly characterized by Soviet central planning, Pomfret (economics, U. of Adelaide) argues that the imposition of the Washington consensus has been a qualified success across the board. A major theme of the work is whether economists were able to accurately predict the economic behavior and results of the transition economies and whether they were able to learn from discrepancies. His analysis of this is surprisingly positive, although the arguments for the immediate benefits of mass privatization are noted to be deficient (in hindsight for Pomfret). Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Consequences of Creating a Market Economy written by Kathryn H. Anderson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book uses household survey data from five Central Asian countries to analyze the important consequences of, and elements that constitute, the creation of a market economy. The countries studied - Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenis"
Download or read book Index to International Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1028 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Globalization Uncertainty and Women s Careers written by Hans-Peter Blossfeld and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2006-06-27 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization, Uncertainty and Women's Careers assesses the effects of globalization on the life courses of women in thirteen countries across Europe and America in the second half of the 20th century. The book represents the first-ever longitudinal analysis of micro-level data from these OECD countries focusing exclusively on women's relationship to the labor market in a globalizing world. The contributors thoroughly examine women's employment entries, exits and job mobility and present evidence of women's increased labor market attachment and reduced employment quality in most of the countries studied. They also systematically consider the life course changes influenced by larger transformations in society and, in doing so, explicitly link the phenomena of globalization to individual women's lives in Europe and North America.
